This book brings together new and original work by forty two of the world's leading scholars of Indo-European comparative philology and linguistics from around the world. It shows the breadth and the continuing liveliness of enquiry in an area which over the last century and a half has opened many unique windows on the civilizations of the ancient world. The volume is a tribute to Anna Morpurgo Davies to mark her retirement as the Diebold Professor of Comparative Philology at the University of Oxford. The book's six parts are concerned with the early history of Indo-European (Part I); language use, variation, and change in ancient Greece and Anatolia (Parts II and III); the Indo-European languages of Western Europe, including Latin, Welsh, and Anglo-Saxon (Part IV); the ancient Indo-Iranian and Tocharian languages (Part V); and the history of Indo-European linguistics (Part VI). Indo-European Perspectives will interest scholars and students of Indo-European philology, historical linguistics, classics, and the history of the ancient world.

Mohammad Ali Jazayery: Edgar C. Polome?A Biographical SketchHomer Thomas: Indo-European?From the Paleolithic to the NeolithicEmily Lyle: Markedness and Encompassment in Relation to Indo-European CosmogonyV. N. Toporov: Indo-European *eg?h-om (*He-g?h-om) ? *men-. 1 Sg. Pron. Pers. in the Light of GlossogeneticsHans Henrich Hock: On the Origin and Early Development of the Sacred Sanskrit Syllable OM*G.A. Klimov: The Kartvelian Analogue of Proto-Indo-European *sumb(h)o- 'spongy, porous?Vitaly Shevoroshkin: On Carian Language and WritingF. Villar: The Numeral 'Two? and Its Number MarkingOnofrio Carruba: Searching for Woman in Anatolian and Indo-European byH. Craig Melchert: Death and the Hittite KingJos Weitenberg: The Meaning of the Expression ?To Become a Wolf? in Hittite byPierre Swiggers: The Indo-European Origin of the Greek Meters?Antoine Meillet?s Views and their Reception by Emile Benveniste and Nikolai TrubetzkoyK.R. Norman: ?As Rare as Fig-Flowers?Guy Jucquois: Regles d?echange, voeux monastiques et tripartition fonctionnelleWolfgang Meid: Ethnos und Sprache.

Dispersals and diversification offers linguistic and archaeological perspectives on the disintegration of Proto-Indo-European, the ancestor of the Indo-European language family. Two chapters discuss the early phases of the disintegration of Proto-Indo-European from an archaeological perspective, integrating and interpreting the new evidence from ancient DNA. Six chapters analyse the intricate relationship between the Anatolian branch of Indo-European, probably the first one to separate, and the remaining branches. Three chapters are concerned with the most important unsolved problems of Indo-European subgrouping, namely the status of the postulated Italo-Celtic and Graeco-Armenian subgroups. Two chapters discuss methodological problems with linguistic subgrouping and with the attempt to correlate linguistics and archaeology. Contributors are David W. Anthony, Rasmus Bjørn, José L. García Ramón, Riccardo Ginevra, Adam Hyllested, James A. Johnson, Kristian Kristiansen, H. Craig Melchert, Matthew Scarborough, Peter Schrijver, Matilde Serangeli, Zsolt Simon, Rasmus Thorsø, Michael Weiss.

This book presents the most comprehensive coverage of the field of Indo-European Linguistics in a century, focusing on the entire Indo-European family and treating each major branch and most minor languages. The collaborative work of 120 scholars from 22 countries, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics combines the exhaustive coverage of an encyclopedia with the in-depth treatment of individual monographic studies.

This volume provides a detailed investigation of perfects from all the branches of the Indo-European language family, in some cases representing the first ever comprehensive description. Thorough philological examinations result in empirically well-founded analyses illustrated with over 940 examples. The unique temporal depth and diatopic breadth of attested Indo-European languages permits the investigation of both TAME (Tense-Aspect-Mood-Evidentiality) systems over time and recurring cycles of change, as well as synchronic patterns of areal distribution and contact phenomena. These possibilities are fully exploited in the volume. Furthermore, the cross-linguistic perspective adopted by many authors, as well as the inclusion of contributions which go beyond the boundaries of the Indo-European family per se, facilitates typological comparison. As such, the volume is intended to serve as a springboard for future research both into the semantics of the perfect in Indo-European itself, and verb systems across the world’s languages.

Recent developments in aDNA has reshaped our understanding of later European prehistory, and at the same time also opened up for more fruitful collaborations between archaeologists and historical linguists. Two revolutionary genetic studies, published independently in Nature, 2015, showed that prehistoric Europe underwent two successive waves of migration, one from Anatolia consistent with the introduction of agriculture, and a later influx from the Pontic-Caspian steppes which without any reasonable doubt pinpoints the archaeological Yamnaya complex as the cradle of (Core-)Indo-European languages. Now, for the first time, when the preliminaries are clear, it is possible for the fields of genetics, archaeology and historical linguistics to cooperate in a constructive fashion to refine our knowledge of the Indo-European homeland, migrations, society and language. For the historical-comparative linguists, this opens up a wealth of exciting perspectives and new working fields in the intersections between linguistics and neighbouring disciplines, for the archaeologists and geneticists, on the other hand, the linguistic contributions help to endow the material findings with a voice from the past. The present selection of papers illustrate the importance of an open interdisciplinary discussion which will gradually help us in our quest of Tracing the Indo-Europeans.

This book contends that Indo-European languages came to Greece, central Europe, southern Scandinavia and northern Italy no earlier than ca. 1600 BC, brought by the first military men whom Europeans had seen. That the Greek, Keltic, Italic and Germanic sub-groups of Indo-European originated in the middle of the second millennium BC is a controversial idea. Most Indo-Europeanists date the origin a thousand years earlier, and some archaeologists would place it before 5000 BC, as agriculture spread through Europe. Here Robert Drews argues that the Indo-European languages came into Europe via military conquests, and that militarism – a man’s pride in his weapons and in his status as a warrior - began with the employment of horse-drawn chariots in battle.

PrefaceMiles C. Beckwith: Greek verbs in -i ?A paradigmatic solutionHope Dawson: Deviations from the Greek in the Gothic New TestamentGeorge E. Dunkel: Vedic janapadas and Ionic 6a: with notes on Vedic drupadam and IE *pedom 'place? and 'fetter?Joseph F. Eska: Remarks on linguistic structures in a Gaulish ritual textBenjamin W. Fortson IV: Linguistic and cultural notes on Latin Iunius and related topicsJohn Harkness: Observations on appositions in BeowulfHans Henrich Hock: Vedic eta ? stavama: Subordinate, coordinate, or what?Brian D. Joseph: Balkan insights into the syntax of *me: in Indo-EuropeanCarol F. Justus: Hittite and Indo-European genderRonald Kim: The distribution of the Old Irish infixed pronouns, Cowgill?s particle, and the syntactic evolution of Insular CelticSara Kimball: Hittite kings and queensJared S. Klein: Homoioteleuton in the RigvedaH. Craig Melchert: Hieroglyphic Luvian REL-ipa 'indeed, certainly?Edgar C. Polome: Some thoughts about the Indo-European homelandCharles Reiss: Towards an explanation of analogyDon Ringe: Tocharian B Up 'and?Douglas P.A. Simms: A word for 'wild boar? in Germanic, Italic, Balto-Slavic and Greek and its possible Semitic originsAnn Taylor: The distribution of object clitics in Koine GreekBert Vaux: Szemerenyi?s Law and Stang?s Law in non-linear phonologyBrent Vine: On full-grade *-ro- formations in Greek and Indo-EuropeanMichael Weiss: Observations on the South Picene Inscription TE 1 (S. Omero).

This volume presents new work exploring how the study of historical linguistics can advance our understanding of Greek and Latin and, conversely, how the classical languages can help us to reconstruct Proto-Indo-European and the culture of its speakers. Classical and Indo-European linguistics have been particularly exciting areas of research in recent years, and this book is intended to provide insight into some of the main areas of current debate. It stems from an international conference held in Cambridge in 2005 and includes contributions from keynote speakers Andreas Willi and Joshua Katz. The book covers a wide range of topics: phonology (the accentuation of Greek monosyllables, the development of laryngeals in Greek, and typological discussion of the glottalic theory); morphology (the prehistory of the past-tense augment, the iteratives and causatives of the Latin second conjugation, the origin of the Latin prefix co(m)- , Indo-European root nouns and s-stem neuters, Greek and Latin reflexive pronouns, the Greek comparative suffix); the etymologies of etymos, Achilles, adulare, and a Macedonian gloss; the significance of the Greek particle tar; and comparisons of Sanskrit matrimonial names and poetic terminology with their Greek counterparts. Greek and Latin from an Indo-European Perspective demonstrates the continuing relevance of linguistics for the study of ancient languages and literature, and will be of interest to classicists, Indo-European linguists, and historical linguists generally

This book challenges media-celebrated evolutionary studies linking Indo-European languages to Neolithic Anatolia, instead defending traditional practices in historical linguistics.