The seventh edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP 2014) is published by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) on behalf of the Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. The Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) is published in fulfilment of the requirements of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Rules thereunder. It prescribes the standards for drugs produced and/or marketed in India and thus contributes in the control and assurance of the quality of the medicines. The standards of this pharmacopoeia are authoritative and legally enforceable. It intends to help in the licensing of manufacturing, inspection and distribution of medicines. IP is published in continuing pursuit of the mission of IPC to improve the health of the people through ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of medicines. The Commission has been receiving significant inputs from regulatory, industrial houses, academic institutions, national laboratories, individual scientists and others. Publication of IP at regular and shorter intervals is one of the main mandates of the Commission. The seventh edition of Indian Pharmacopoeia is published in accordance with the principles and designed plan decided by the Scientific Body of the IPC. To establish transparency in setting standards for this edition the contents of new monographs, revised appendices and other informations have been publicized on the website of the IPC, besides following conventional approach of obtaining comments. The feedback and inputs were reviewed by the relevant Expert Committee to ensure the feasibility and practicability of the standards and methods revised. The principle of "openness, justice and fairness" is kept in mind during compiling and editing the contents of this edition. The Indian Pharmacopoeia 2014 is presented in four volumes. The scope of the Pharmacopoeia has been extended to include products of biotechnology, indigenous herbs and herbal products, veterinary vaccines

The International Pharmacopoeia contains a collection of recommended methods for analysis and quality specifications for pharmaceutical substances, excipients and products. This new edition consolidates the texts of the five separate volumes of the third edition and includes new monographs for antiretroviral substances (didanosine, indinavir sulfate, nelfinavir mesilate, nevirapine, ritonavir, saquinovir, and saquinovir mesilate) adopted by the WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations in October 2004. It includes some additions and amendments to the general notices of the Pharmacopoeia, as well as some changes to its layout and format. Volume one contains monographs for pharmaceutical substances A to O and the General Notices; and volume two contains monographs for pharmaceutical substances P to Z, together with those for dosage forms and radiopharmaceutical preparations, the methods of analysis and reagents.

The adulteration and fraudulent manufacture of medicines is an old problem, vastly aggravated by modern manufacturing and trade. In the last decade, impotent antimicrobial drugs have compromised the treatment of many deadly diseases in poor countries. More recently, negligent production at a Massachusetts compounding pharmacy sickened hundreds of Americans. While the national drugs regulatory authority (hereafter, the regulatory authority) is responsible for the safety of a country's drug supply, no single country can entirely guarantee this today. The once common use of the term counterfeit to describe any drug that is not what it claims to be is at the heart of the argument. In a narrow, legal sense a counterfeit drug is one that infringes on a registered trademark. The lay meaning is much broader, including any drug made with intentional deceit. Some generic drug companies and civil society groups object to calling bad medicines counterfeit, seeing it as the deliberate conflation of public health and intellectual property concerns. Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs accepts the narrow meaning of counterfeit, and, because the nuances of trademark infringement must be dealt with by courts, case by case, the report does not discuss the problem of counterfeit medicines.

We are very pleased to put forth the revised edition of 'Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutics'. We have incorporated all the suggestions, modified it to make it easier, student friendly and relevant in terms of achieving curriculum outcome. We are very much thankful to all the learned teachers who have given their feedback whole-heartedly. We have even incorporated the changes in this manual based on the feedback given by the teachers from all the institutes. Now, we believe that the manual has been fulfilling the aspirations of pharmaceutics teachers and students too. This manual is prepared as per PCI Education Regulations, 2020 for Diploma Course in Pharmacy. The procedures and formulas of all the experiments are reviewed and added, so that the advancement in the methods or apparatus can be addressed. This manual is designed for 'outcome-based education' and each experiment is arranged in a uniform way such as practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs) and its mapping with course outcomes, minimum theoretical background, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, result, conclusion, references and related questions. We have also given the readings for the reference of students and better understanding. Moreover, assessment scheme is also given to help the student and teacher to know what to be assessed. A sincere attempt has been made through this manual to provide practical knowledge to the students related to various topics of Pharmaceutics. The manual mainly includes the experiments through which the students will learn to prepare conventional dosage forms and few cosmetic formulations in the laboratory. Besides, experiments related to handling of Indian Pharmacopoeia and National formulary of India will make the students familiar with the Indian official compendiums. The demonstration based experiments will help the students to understand the tablet compression process and quality control test of tablets, capsules, emulsions and single-dose parenteral preparations. A brief introduction to various dosage forms before the related experiments can assist in better perception of the experiment. Each experiment is divided into sections like aim, practical significance, relevant professional competencies, relevant course outcomes, practical skills, relevant affective domain related outcomes, practical outcomes, minimum theoretical background, requirements, contents, marketed preparations, related questions, references and assessment scheme. The manual has been designed with more emphasis on the practical skill improvement of the students so that the students can perform the practical with ease and comfort. Hope this manual will help the students to learn the concept, principles and perform the experiments virtually. We wish you all the best!!!