Based on Bahl and Bhartia's popular 1980 classic, Microstrip Antennas, this all new book provides the detail antenna engineers and designers need to design any type of microstrip antenna. After addressing essential microchip antenna theory, the authors highlight current design and engineering practices, emphasizing the most pressing issues in this area, including broadbanding, circular polarization, and active microstrip antennas in particular. Special design challenges, ranging from dual polarization, high bandwidth, and surface wave mitigation, to choosing the proper substrate, and shaping an antenna to achieve desired results are all covered.

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) and large language models (LLM) are machine learning algorithms that operate in an unsupervised or semi-supervised manner. These algorithms leverage pre-existing content, such as text, photos, audio, video, and code, to generate novel content. The primary objective is to produce authentic and novel material. In addition, there exists an absence of constraints on the quantity of novel material that they are capable of generating. New material can be generated through the utilization of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) or natural language interfaces, such as the ChatGPT developed by Open AI and Bard developed by Google. The field of generative artificial intelligence (AI) stands out due to its unique characteristic of undergoing development and maturation in a highly transparent manner, with its progress being observed by the public at large. The current era of artificial intelligence is being influenced by the imperative to effectively utilise its capabilities in order to enhance corporate operations. Specifically, the use of large language model (LLM) capabilities, which fall under the category of Generative AI, holds the potential to redefine the limits of innovation and productivity. However, as firms strive to include new technologies, there is a potential for compromising data privacy, long-term competitiveness, and environmental sustainability. This book delves into the exploration of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) and LLM. It examines the historical and evolutionary development of generative AI models, as well as the challenges and issues that have emerged from these models and LLM. This book also discusses the necessity of generative AI-based systems and explores the various training methods that have been developed for generative AI models, including LLM pretraining, LLM fine-tuning, and reinforcement learning from human feedback. Additionally, it explores the potential use cases, applications, and ethical considerations associated with these models. This book concludes by discussing future directions in generative AI and presenting various case studies that highlight the applications of generative AI and LLM.

The use of technology within sport is well established, most professional sport teams engage in the use of electronic performance and tracking systems. This book is the first to offer a deep and structured examination of these technologies and how they are used in a team sport setting. The Use of Applied Technology in Team Sport describes and assists researchers, academics and professionals with understanding the methodology around applied technology in sport, examining what systems track players’ performance and who are the manufacturers that provide these systems. This new volume goes on to describe how to apply the systems, highlights the ways of reporting analysis information and helps the reader to know and understand the future avenues of research and development. The Use of Applied Technology in Team Sport is considered an essential guide for researchers, academics and students as well as professionals working in the areas of Applied Sport Science, Coaching, and subjects relating to Physiology, Biomechanics, Sports Engineering, Sports Technology and Performance Analysis in Sport.

I3CAC provides a premier interdisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss not only the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns but also practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of computing, communication and control systems. Participation of three renowned speakers and oral presentations of the 128 authors were presented in our conference. We strongly believe that the I3CAC 2021 conference provides a good forum for all researchers, developers and practitioners to discuss.

Machine learning is an emerging area of computer science that deals with the design and development of new algorithms based on various types of data. Machine Learning Algorithms for Problem Solving in Computational Applications: Intelligent Techniques addresses the complex realm of machine learning and its applications for solving various real-world problems in a variety of disciplines, such as manufacturing, business, information retrieval, and security. This premier reference source is essential for professors, researchers, and students in artificial intelligence as well as computer science and engineering.

The desired objective of this book is to investigate diversity and mutual coupling effects on MIMO antenna designs for WLAN/WiMAX/LTE applications, controlled with diversity and ground modification techniques including equivalent circuit diagrams. Diversity techniques in MIMO antennas leading to the performance improvement ratings are demonstrated and deliberated. The book contributes towards the development of 2:1 VSWR MIMO antennas with diversity techniques for indoor/outdoor applications for high data rate, QOS, and SNR. The improved MIMO antenna structures are investigated and presented in this book including part of massive MIMO to provide the important aspects of emerging technology. Aimed at researchers, professionals and graduate students in electrical engineering, electromagnetics, communications and signal processing including antenna theory and design, smart antennas, communication systems, this book: Investigates real time MIMO antenna designs for WLAN/WiMAX/LTE applications. Covers effects of ECC, MEG, TARC, and equivalent circuit. Addresses the coupling and diversity aspects of antenna design problem for MIMO systems. Focus on the MIMO antenna designs for the real time applications. Exclusive chapter on 5G Massive MIMO along with case studies throughout the book.

This book discusses the recent research developments of various passive microwave circuits on silicon substrate and demonstrated operations catering for multiple frequency bands. It covers the design, modelling, process fabrication and characterization aspects with practical examples. The book will be of use to researchers and engineers working in the field of RF or microwave engineering, who can use the techniques and approaches effectively without having to refer to multiple sources.

Radio Frequency Micromachined Switches, Switching Networks, and Phase Shifters discusses radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS)-based control components and will be useful for researchers and R&D engineers. It offers an in-depth study, performance analysis, and extensive characterization on micromachined switches and phase shifters. The reader will learn about basic design methodology and techniques to carry out extensive measurements on MEMS switches and phase shifters which include electrical, mechanical, power handling, linearity, temperature stability, reliability, and radio frequency performance. Practical examples included in the book will help readers to build high performance systems/subsystems using micromachined circuits. Key Features Provides simple design methodology of MEMS switches and switching networks including SPST to SP16T switches Gives an in-depth performance study of micromachined phase shifters. Detailed study on reliability and power handling capability of RF MEMS switches and phase shifters presented Proposes reconfigurable micromachined phase shifters Verifies a variety of MEMS switches and phase shifters experimentally