We are delighted to introduce the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Progressive Education (ICOPE) 2020 hosted by the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, in the heart of the city Bandar Lampung on 16 and 17 October 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we took a model of an online organised event via Zoom. The theme of the 2nd ICOPE 2020 was “Exploring the New Era of Education”, with various related topics including Science Education, Technology and Learning Innovation, Social and Humanities Education, Education Management, Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, Teacher Professional Development, Curriculum and Instructions, Assessment and Evaluation, and Environmental Education. This conference has invited academics, researchers, teachers, practitioners, and students worldwide to participate and exchange ideas, experiences, and research findings in the field of education to make a better, more efficient, and impactful teaching and learning. This conference was attended by 190 participants and 160 presenters. Four keynote papers were delivered at the conference; the first two papers were delivered by Prof Emeritus Stephen D. Krashen from the University of Southern California, the USA and Prof Dr Bujang Rahman, M.Si. from Universitas Lampung, Indonesia. The second two papers were presented by Prof Dr Habil Andrea Bencsik from the University of Pannonia, Hungary and Dr Hisham bin Dzakiria from Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. In addition, a total of 160 papers were also presented by registered presenters in the parallel sessions of the conference. The conference represents the efforts of many individuals. Coordination with the steering chairs was essential for the success of the conference. We sincerely appreciate their constant support and guidance. We would also like to express our gratitude to the organising committee members for putting much effort into ensuring the success of the day-to-day operation of the conference and the reviewers for their hard work in reviewing submissions. We also thank the four invited keynote speakers for sharing their insights. Finally, the conference would not be possible without the excellent papers contributed by authors. We thank all authors for their contributions and participation in the 2nd ICOPE 2020. We strongly believe that the 2nd ICOPE 2020 has provided a good forum for academics, researchers, teachers, practitioners, and students to address all aspects of education-related issues in the current educational situation. We feel honoured to serve the best recent scientific knowledge and development in education and hope that these proceedings will furnish scholars from all over the world with an excellent reference book. We also expect that the future ICOPE conference will be more successful and stimulating. Finally, it was with great pleasure that we had the opportunity to host such a conference.

This is an open access book.Fostering Synergy and Innovation in Digital Learning EnvironmentsThe 4th ICOPE 2022 is an international conference in education with the theme of fostering synergy and innovation in digital learning environments. It is organized by the faculty of teacher training and education, at the University of Lampung, Indonesia. Bandar Lampung, the capital city of Lampung Province, will be the host of this event. It will be taken place on the 15th — 16th of October 2022. This conference involves keynote speakers from Indonesia, USA, Malaysia, and Australia. It is intended to be a forum to convey specific alternatives and significant breakthroughs in rapid social development. Therefore, this event aims to kindly appeal to scholars, academics, researchers, experts, practitioners, and university students to take part and share outlooks, experiences, research findings, and recent trends of research in the milieu of education. In doing so, it is expected that attendees can gain advanced understanding and insights into offering solutions to problems. The 4th ICOPE 2022 invites and welcomes you to submit your works on various topics related to the Scope of the Conference. All submitted abstracts and papers will undergo a blind peer-review process to ensure their quality, relevance, and originality. After carrying the burden coming from Covid-19 and its dynamic, it tremendously needs to adjust various social aspects, especially from an education perspective. This term covers a broad spectrum concerning numerous dimensions of social life at individual, group, nation-state, regional, and global levels. Therefore, adapting process insists on the seriousness of the global community to cooperate within the unpredictable complexities.

The COVID-19 pandemic is an extreme case of a VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous) event that grants the opportunity to examine whether special and inclusive education is fully prepared for these complex situations.

The 2023 annual meeting of the World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Consortium on Healthy Ageing (CCHA) took place in Geneva, Switzerland in December 2023. It was the group’s ninth gathering. The meeting consisted of seven panels of presentation and discussion taking place across three days: 1.WHO’s new initiatives on ageing and health 2.Musculoskeletal health 3.Implementation of the ICOPE approach 4.Emerging themes to strengthen integrated care 5.Updating ICOPE care pathways 6.Multidimensional approach to research on healthy ageing 7.CCHA and GNLTC joint panel: Continuum of integrated care for older people

The Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021-2030 will focus on four key actions: changing how we think, feel and act towards age and ageing; developing communities in ways that foster the abilities of older people; delivering integrated care and primary health services that are responsive to the needs of older people; and providing older people who need it with access to long-term care. All are critical for building back better, and for fostering healthy ageing. The Baseline Report for the Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021−2030 addresses five issues so that policy-makers and others in government, the private sector, civil society and research are committed to implementing actions to achieve the ambitious goals set out in the Decade: 1. Introduces Healthy Ageing, the Decade’s actions and enablers, and a pathway to accelerate impact by 2030. 2. Where are we in 2020? The report provides a first-time baseline for healthy ageing worldwide. 3. What improvements could we expect by 2030? It documents progress and scenarios for improvement. 4. How can we accelerate impact on the lives of older people? It shows how older people and stakeholders can together optimize functional ability. 5. The next steps including opportunities to boost collaboration and impact by 2023, the next reporting period.

Tumuli and megaliths mark the landscape of Eurasia and are rich in data, mystery, and legends. Books about them are often monographic or have a local range. This collection of essays highlights and brings together 74 authors from 16 countries, from Portugal to Japan and Indonesia. They offer a diversity of regional backgrounds, theoretical perspectives, and scientific approaches relevant to anyone working in history, archaeology, anthropology, and heritage. Densely illustrated and written in a way that is understandable to anyone, it is easily accessible to students, professors, researchers, and cultural or heritage managers. It will also attract anyone interested in past cultures, early religions, and ancient architecture. Its content makes it a mandatory book for the central and specialized libraries of any university, I&D centre, museum or visiting centre about this and other related issues.

This book summarizes evidence on frailty and ageing, how this may impact patient outcomes and how frailty can be assessed, managed and incorporated in the decision-making process for older patients with cancer. The book aims to: empower clinical teams to assess and support older cancer patients with frailty, ideally within a multidisciplinary setting; and to improve the selection of older cancer patients to the most appropriate management/treatment strategies in order to improve the outcomes of this group of patients often underrepresented in research. The reader will learn the methods available for assessing frailty, such as screening tools, but also how to perform different geriatric assessments covering the different key components (physical, nutritional, social, psychological, etc.). The book also provides information on how to manage and intervene on frailty with the role of pre-habilitation and re-habilitation, how to set-up specialised teams and pathways within one’s hospital and community for these older cancer patients with frailty. Finally, the management of this challenging group of patients according to the cancer type is discussed in detail, alongside with mapping the unmet research needs and future directions in this field.