The method of computation using the hydraulic apparatus developed by the author is based on the application of principles of hydraulic analogies in correlation with partial use of the principles of computation based on finite differences. The application of these hydraulic computers allows one to find the approximate numerical solutions for a whole class of differential equations. Therefore, these machines might be called hydraulic integrators. Insofar as the application concerns itself with the solution of differential equations, it is possible to use this method to solve problems in many different fields of technology. To approach the problem more concretely, and for clarity of presentation, we look at the applications of thermodynamics to civil engineering and the problems that can now be solved by this method. (Author).

Hydraulic Structure, Equipment and Water Data Acquisition Systems is a component of Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Hydraulic structures occupied a vital role in the development of civilization from the earliest recorded history up to the present, and undoubtedly will do so in the future. Humanity in ancient times settled mostly near perennial rivers, nomadic people frequented oases and springs, and to augment these natural ephemeral supplies, established societies built primitive dams and dug wells. This 4-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It carries state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Hydraulic Structure, Equipment and Water Data Acquisition Systems. In these volumes the historical origins, modern developments, and future perspectives in the field of water supply engineering are discussed. Various types of hydraulic structures, their associated equipment, and the various systems for collecting data are described. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers, NGOs and GOs.

Computational hydraulics and hydrologic modeling are rapidly developing fields with a wide range of applications in areas ranging from wastewater disposal and stormwater management to civil and environmental engineering. These fields are full of promise, but the abundance of literature that now exists contains many new terms that are not always def