This book presents the proceedings of one of the major conferences in fatigue, fracture and structural integrity (NT2F). The papers are organized and divided in five different themes: fatigue and fracture mechanics of structures and advanced materials; fatigue and fracture in pressure vessels and pipelines: mechanical behavior and structural integrity of welded, bonded and bolted joints; residual stress and environmental effects on the fatigue behavior; and simulation methods, analytical and computation models in fatigue and fracture.

This two-volume-set (LNCS 7203 and 7204) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2011, held in Torun, Poland, in September 2011. The 130 revised full papers presented in both volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers address issues such as parallel/distributed architectures and mobile computing; numerical algorithms and parallel numerics; parallel non-numerical algorithms; tools and environments for parallel/distributed/grid computing; applications of parallel/distributed computing; applied mathematics, neural networks and evolutionary computing; history of computing.

The idea of a Channel Tunnel has always aroused strong emotions in Britain. It has been supported by those wanting closer political, economic and cultural links with Europe but opposed by believers in Britain's island identity and overseas empire. In contrast, the French have been almost unanimously in favour. Channel Tunnel Vision 1850-1950 is an account of attempts over a century to build a link with France. Early schemes, some owing more to Heath-Robinson than to sound engineering practice, were succeeded by serious proposals based on scientific surveys of the sea-bed carried out in the 1860s. After describing the major entrepreneurs and their plans, Keith Wilson goes on to show the reactions of successive British Governments. On several occasions the decision on whether or not to go ahead was a very close-run thing. He quotes the views, which make remarkable reading, of Prime Ministers from Gladstone to Ramsay MacDonald; of Foreign Secretaries including Grey and Curzon; and of admirals and generals ranging from Fisher to Wolseley, French and Henry Wilson. Their fears of sabotage, invasion and a future political rift with France were set against hopes of economic advantage. They also saw an enhanced ability to respond quickly to future German aggression. How the existence of a Channel Tunnel would have affected the 1940 campaign is an intriguing speculation.

Distributed systems intertwine with our everyday lives. The benefits and current shortcomings of the underpinning technologies are experienced by a wide range of people and their smart devices. With the rise of large-scale IoT and similar distributed systems, cloud bursting technologies, and partial outsourcing solutions, private entities are encouraged to increase their efficiency and offer unparalleled availability and reliability to their users. Applying Integration Techniques and Methods in Distributed Systems is a critical scholarly publication that defines the current state of distributed systems, determines further goals, and presents architectures and service frameworks to achieve highly integrated distributed systems and presents solutions to integration and efficient management challenges faced by current and future distributed systems. Highlighting topics such as multimedia, programming languages, and smart environments, this book is ideal for system administrators, integrators, designers, developers, researchers, and academicians.

This volume is proceedings of the international conference of the Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics 2002. In the volume, up-to-date information about numerical simulations of flows using parallel computers is given by leading researchers in this field. Special topics are "Grid Computing" and "Earth Simulator". Grid computing is now the most exciting topic in computer science. An invited paper on grid computing is presented in the volume. The Earth-Simulator is now the fastest computer in the world. Papers on flow-simulations using the Earth-Simulator are also included, as well as a thirty-two page special tutorial article on numerical optimization.

The SpringerBrief introduces FasTensor, a powerful parallel data programming model developed for big data applications. This book also provides a user's guide for installing and using FasTensor. FasTensor enables users to easily express many data analysis operations, which may come from neural networks, scientific computing, or queries from traditional database management systems (DBMS). FasTensor frees users from all underlying and tedious data management tasks, such as data partitioning, communication, and parallel execution. This SpringerBrief gives a high-level overview of the state-of-the-art in parallel data programming model and a motivation for the design of FasTensor. It illustrates the FasTensor application programming interface (API) with an abundance of examples and two real use cases from cutting edge scientific applications. FasTensor can achieve multiple orders of magnitude speedup over Spark and other peer systems in executing big data analysis operations. FasTensor makes programming for data analysis operations at large scale on supercomputers as productively and efficiently as possible. A complete reference of FasTensor includes its theoretical foundations, C++ implementation, and usage in applications. Scientists in domains such as physical and geosciences, who analyze large amounts of data will want to purchase this SpringerBrief. Data engineers who design and develop data analysis software and data scientists, and who use Spark or TensorFlow to perform data analyses, such as training a deep neural network will also find this SpringerBrief useful as a reference tool.

In the decades following World War II, a movement of clergy and laity sought to restore liberal Protestantism to the center of American urban life. Chastened by their failure to avert war and the Holocaust, and troubled by missionaries’ complicity with colonial regimes, they redirected their energies back home. Renewal explores the rise and fall of this movement, which began as an effort to restore the church’s standing but wound up as nothing less than an openhearted crusade to remake our nation’s cities. These campaigns reached beyond church walls to build or lend a hand to scores of organizations fighting for welfare, social justice, and community empowerment among the increasingly nonwhite urban working class. Church leaders extended their efforts far beyond traditional evangelicalism, often dovetailing with many of the contemporaneous social currents coursing through the nation, including black freedom movements and the War on Poverty. Renewal illuminates the overlooked story of how religious institutions both shaped and were shaped by postwar urban America.

This compendium provides a comprehensive collection of the emergent applications of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence technologies to present day physical sciences ranging from materials theory and imaging to predictive synthesis and automated research. This area of research is among the most rapidly developing in the last several years in areas spanning materials science, chemistry, and condensed matter physics.Written by world renowned researchers, the compilation of two authoritative volumes provides a distinct summary of the modern advances in instrument — driven data generation and analytics, establishing the links between the big data and predictive theories, and outlining the emerging field of data and physics-driven predictive and autonomous systems.

This book describes in great detail the semi-solid processing of aluminum alloys. The authors examine the fundamentals of semi-solid metal processing, provide guidelines for research, illustrate the tools that are employed, and explain the measured parameters for semi-solid processing characterization.