The USDA Forest Service standard grades for hardwood factory lumber logs are described, and lumber grade yields for 16 species and 2 species groups are presented by log grade and log diameter. The grades enable foresters, log buyers, and log sellers to select and grade those logs suitable for conversion into standard factory grade lumber. By using the appropriate lumber grade yields, log buyers and sellers can appraise the logs in terms of expected lumber grade volume and value.

S2The Forest Service hardwood tree grades for factory lumber are described, and lumber grade yields for 111 species are presented. The yields, expressed in board feet, are based on equations in which dbh2 and merchantable height were used as independent variables. Actual board-foot volumes by lumber grade served as dependent variables. Species included are yellow and paper birch, red and sugar maple, yellow-poplar, black cherry, basswood, and northern red, black, white, and chestnut oak. S3`

S2If we are to meet the increasing demand for lumber through more intensive forest management and increased utilization, we must find ways to economically process the low-grade segment of our sawtimber resource. We now have little or no information about the conversion value of sub-factory class sawlogs. The study reported here is the first step in determining the value of the sub-factory class of red oak sawlogs. If we assume similar red oak yields for any particular area of operation, the results reported should enable a sawmill operator to determine the marginal log for his particular operation if he knows his costs for converting these logs into factory-grade lumber. S3.

Set includes revised editions of some issues.