The print edition is available as a set of two volumes (9788788757293).

The print edition is available as a set of two volumes (9788788757293).

In this volume 268 species of the Larentinae are covered. Many of the genera have caused serious problems in identification, but based on the larger number of specimens illustrated on the 25 colour plates, the species can now be identified much more easily. In additional black and white photos for species which are difficult to identify, differential characters are pointed out with arrows. As in the previously published volumes 1,2 and 4, maps with the European distribution are given with dots for verified specimens. There are photographs of male and female genitalia of all species and this volume also contains a systematic catalogue of the European species including those of the neighbouring regions of North Africa, Macaronesia, Turkey and the Middle East. This is the first volume including genetic information from DNA barcoding which proved to be a useful, additional tool in identification, taxonomy and species delimitation.

The geographical area covered will be the whole of the geographical Europe. Each volume will illustrate the adults of all species in photographical colour plates of the best quality. Sexual dimorphism as well as polymorphism will be illustrated and if possible all subspecies too. Most species will be shown in natural size, but larger groups of small species such as the genera Idaea and Eupithecia will be shown enlarged. Each species will be treated using the following format: FULL NAME. ORIGINAL REFERENCE to all available nominal names (valid names and synonyms). DIAGNOSIS based on external features, including detail figures where necessary. MALE AND FEMALE GENITALIA of all species with line drawings or photographs. DISTRIBUTION. A summary of the European distribution and also of distribution outside the area treated. This paragraph is completed with a map of the European distribution. PHENOLOGY with detailed information about flight period or periods, if possible with reference to various parts of the distribution area. Further also information about how the species hibernates is provided. BIOLOGY including hostplant(s). HABITAT including the altitude of occurence. SIMILAR SPECIES with the differences clearly pointed out. This paragraph may be completed with text figures. REMARKS on information that does not fit into any of the other paragraphs. The Geometrid Moths of Europe is intended for both professional and amateur entomologists. Among the European Geometrid Moths are a number of serious pest species, especially to forestry, and the series will therefore also be an important tool in future pest management, hopefully especially in the biological pest management. 8 colour plates. Line drawings of male and female genitalia to all species. Distribution maps to all species.

Revision of European Ennominae moths, covering 202 species in 30 colour plates. Comprehensive text and rich illustration of genitalia structures for all species. Four new species are described and systematic checklist for entire European and adjacent regions' Geometridae fauna is provided.

The Geometridae is one of the most species-rich families of Lepidoptera. This 2 volume work is the first comprehensive catalogue of the 35 000 names of these insects. The primary purpose of the work is to provide a substantial body of taxonomic information, much of it previously unpublished, on the available names of the Geometridae. The catalogue is based on the most complete world classification of the geometrids, the card index to genera and species in The Natural History Museum, London. The two volumes include information on type specimens, type localities and, where possible, larval foodplants. A CD-ROM listing all species referred to in the two text volumes is included with the package and will be of great value to verify valid names and to check spelling.

It was at the end of the 19th century that a Swiss biologist, Karl Nageli first proposed the existence of hereditary organelles that carried information from parent to offspring. Ensuing decades experienced vigorous studies that led to the development of discovery that chromosomes are indeed the carriers of genetic information. Subsequent studies, especially by Morgan and Bridges, established unequivocally the chromosome theory of inheritance. Today, the structure of chromosome is well established. At the physical level, eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a single, linear, double helix of DNA. The elementary helical structure involves nucleosomes, comprised of histones around which the DNA is wrapped. A hierarchy of higher order of chromosomal architecture may possibly be responsible for the regulation of gene helical structures expression. The localized condensations of DNA constitute chromomeres. Uncoiled structures sometimes extending from chromomeres, which form loops, is the result of discontinuities in the regular coiling of the DNA in the chromosome.