While there have been dramatic increases in the use of digital technologies for information storage, processing and delivery over the last twenty years, the affordances of paper have ensured its retention as a key information medium. In this book we review a wide variety of projects and technological developments for bridging the paper-digital divide. We present our information-centric approach for a tight integration of paper and digital information that is based on a general cross-media information platform. Different innovative augmented paper applications that have been developed based on our interactive paper platform and Anoto Digital Pen and Paper technology are introduced. For example, these applications include a mobile interactive paper-based tourist information system (EdFest) and a paper-digital presentation tool (PaperPoint). Challenges and solutions for new forms of interactive paper and cross-media publishing are discussed. The book is targeted at developers and researchers in information systems, hypermedia and human computer interaction, professionals from the printing and publishing industry as well as readers with a general interest in the future of paper.

Presentation tools such as PowerPoint were initially created to simulate physical slides and have inherited a lot of their limitations. In this dissertation we identify the shortcomings and unmet user needs in presentation software by means of literature study, observations, a survey and the programmatic analysis of over 12000 PowerPoint documents. The results indicate that user needs are slowly evolving while existing software has hardly changed over the last 30 years. We motivate the need to rethink the concept of a presentation and we provide conceptual and technical foundations that can enable interoperable and well-integrated solutions for the identified shortcomings. The resulting MindXpres platform consists of a new conceptual framework, content model, information system and presentation engine. We present MindXpres as a presentation platform that enables researchers and developers to build innovative presentation solutions that cannot be implemented in the existing tools. We further demonstrate the flexibility of the MindXpres platform by discussing a wide range of proof-of-concept plug-in solutions for the identified shortcomings and unmet user needs.

This book examines how the computer, as we currently know it, will be replaced by a new generation of technologies, moving computing off the desktop and ultimately integrating it with real world objects and everyday environments. It provides a unique combination of concepts, methods and prototypes of ubiquitous and pervasive computing reflecting the current interest in smart environments and ambient intelligence.

An examination of why paper continues to fill our offices and a proposal for better coordination of the paper and digital worlds. Over the past thirty years, many people have proclaimed the imminent arrival of the paperless office. Yet even the World Wide Web, which allows almost any computer to read and display another computer's documents, has increased the amount of printing done. The use of e-mail in an organization causes an average 40 percent increase in paper consumption. In The Myth of the Paperless Office, Abigail Sellen and Richard Harper use the study of paper as a way to understand the work that people do and the reasons they do it the way they do. Using the tools of ethnography and cognitive psychology, they look at paper use from the level of the individual up to that of organizational culture. Central to Sellen and Harper's investigation is the concept of "affordances"—the activities that an object allows, or affords. The physical properties of paper (its being thin, light, porous, opaque, and flexible) afford the human actions of grasping, carrying, folding, writing, and so on. The concept of affordance allows them to compare the affordances of paper with those of existing digital devices. They can then ask what kinds of devices or systems would make new kinds of activities possible or better support current activities. The authors argue that paper will continue to play an important role in office life. Rather than pursue the ideal of the paperless office, we should work toward a future in which paper and electronic document tools work in concert and organizational processes make optimal use of both.

An exploration of how we see, use, and make sense of modern video game worlds. The move to 3D graphics represents a dramatic artistic and technical development in the history of video games that suggests an overall transformation of games as media. The experience of space has become a key element of how we understand games and how we play them. In Video Game Spaces, Michael Nitsche investigates what this shift means for video game design and analysis. Navigable 3D spaces allow us to crawl, jump, fly, or even teleport through fictional worlds that come to life in our imagination. We encounter these spaces through a combination of perception and interaction. Drawing on concepts from literary studies, architecture, and cinema, Nitsche argues that game spaces can evoke narratives because the player is interpreting them in order to engage with them. Consequently, Nitsche approaches game spaces not as pure visual spectacles but as meaningful virtual locations. His argument investigates what structures are at work in these locations, proceeds to an in-depth analysis of the audiovisual presentation of gameworlds, and ultimately explores how we use and comprehend their functionality. Nitsche introduces five analytical layers—rule-based space, mediated space, fictional space, play space, and social space—and uses them in the analyses of games that range from early classics to recent titles. He revisits current topics in game research, including narrative, rules, and play, from this new perspective. Video Game Spaces provides a range of necessary arguments and tools for media scholars, designers, and game researchers with an interest in 3D game worlds and the new challenges they pose.

This two-volume set LNCS 12184 and 12185 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Thematic Area on Human Interface and the Management of Information, HIMI 2020, held as part of HCI International 2020 in Copenhagen, Denmark.* HCII 2020 received a total of 6326 submissions, of which 1439 papers and 238 posters were accepted for publication after a careful reviewing process. The 72 papers presented in the two volumes were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: information presentation and visualization; service design and management; and information in VR and AR. Part II: recommender and decision support systems; information, communication, relationality and learning; supporting work, collaboration and creativity; and information in intelligent systems and environments. *The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.