What are the different market philosophies or models that shape the European Union's internal market? This work proposes three models: an international model, a federal model and a national model; and argues that the structure of the EU internal market has moved from an international to federal model.

What are the different market types that shape the European Union's internal market? Schütze proposes three models that assist in explaining the transitions in the structure of the EU internal market. The international model demands that each state limits its external sovereignty, while retaining internal sovereignty over its national market. The federal model declares that within a "common market" states must lose a part of their internal sovereignty, and in accordance with the principle of "home state" control, goods are entitled to be sold freely on a "foreign" market in compliance with home state law. The national model proposes that the trade restrictions above a legislative or judicial Union standard should be removed. Schütze's book analyses the changing structure of European law in relation to the European internal market. The General Part starts out by offering a historical analysis of the relationship between international law and market coordination up to the twentieth century but also provides an in-depth analysis of the constitutional principles which controlled the "integration" of the US "common market". The Special Part then specifically addresses the decline of the international model in relation to the EU internal market and the corresponding rise of a federal market philosophy after Cassis de Dijon. The final chapter explores the exceptional constitutional principles that apply to fiscal matters. This is the second volume in Schütze's trilogy on the "Changing Structure of European Law". Exploring the changing structure of negative integration in the past 60 years, the book complements his previous volume "From Dual to Cooperative Federalism" which analysed the evolving structure of positive integration. A third volume will finally explore the formal constitutional aspects in the evolution of the European Union into a federal union of States.

Unlock the Door to the Federal IT Marketplace Here's your key to selling IT goods and services to the government. David Perera and Steve Charles present the ins and outs of successfully competing for—and winning—a share of the tens of billions of dollars the federal government spends each year on IT. Getting a piece of that business is not easy—it takes accurate knowledge of systems and procedures, as well as sharp insight into the structure and details of government procurement. The Inside Guide to the Federal IT Market penetrates the haze of jargon and apparent complexity to reveal the inner workings of the IT contracting process. Whether you're just setting out or seek a bigger share, this comprehensive book provides valuable information you can put to immediate use. The Inside Guide to the Federal IT Market covers: • Technology standards • Basic contracting concepts • Advanced contracting concepts, such as getting on and staying on the GSA schedules • The effect of the federal budget process on the sales cycle • What you need to know about ethics to earn business fairly, without avoidable delays and hassle This book's focus on the IT market makes it a unique reference on federal procurement for private companies. Government procurement personnel will also find the depth and breadth of coverage useful in reviewing and evaluating IT offerings.

Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 created the infrastructure for the modern American payments system. Probing the origins of this benchmark legislation, J. Lawrence Broz finds that international factors were crucial to its conception and passage. Until its passage, the United States had suffered under one of the most inefficient payment systems in the world. Serious banking panics erupted frequently, and nominal interest rates fluctuated wildly. Structural and regulatory flaws contributed not only to financial instability at home but also to the virtual absence of the dollar in world trade and payments.Key institutional features of the Federal Reserve Act addressed both these shortcomings but it was the goal of internationalizing usage of the dollar that motivated social actors to pressure Congress for the improvements. With New York bankers in the forefront, an international coalition lobbied for a system that would reduce internal problems such as recurring panics, and simultaneously allow New York to challenge London's preeminence as the global banking center and encourage bankers to make the dollar a worldwide currency of record. To those who organized the political effort to pass the Act, Broz contends, the creation of the Federal Reserve System was first and foremost a response to international opportunities.

The Art of the Possible Create an Organization with No Limitations offers instructive insight into what works in business, revealing how a few simple tenets can build long-standing excellence and success. An easy-to-use integrated leadership and management guide, this book revolves around the fact that strong, effective leadership is a requirement for any company hoping to become--or remain--relevant and competitive in the twenty-first century's fast-paced business environment. Author Daniel M. Jacobs is one of the nation's leading authorities on public contracting, a position that comes with a considerable wealth of knowledge. In The Art of the Possible, he distills decades of front-line experience from the corporate world into seven chapters. Each explores one of seven practical and proven best practices: get focused, surround yourself with talent, think strategically, forge a high-performance team, manage the fundamentals, maintain discipline, and communicate. Packed with useful guidelines, checklists, and self-assessment tools, the primary objective of this straightforward book is to move the reader to action and to create an organization where things get done. Jacobs includes plenty of real-world examples and success stories, and his determined focus on the positive underscores the importance of hard work and commitment to the improvement of management performance. His seven best practices can be applied across a broad spectrum of businesses, from private industry and government agencies to non-profits and civic organizations, making The Art of the Possible: Create an Organization with No Limitations an indispensable resource for today's developing leaders. Hailed by business leaders as "the kind of book that you really use to solve real problems and achieve real and lasting success" and "a relentless course for success using a step-by-step, straightforward, no-nonsense approach for the creation of an organization with no limits," this concise how-to is a must-read for anyone facing the unique challenges of today's economy.