The major highways and bridges recently damaged during Hurricanes Sandy and Irene are part of the federal-aid highway system and were therefore eligible for assistance under the Emergency Relief Program (ER) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Following a natural disaster or catastrophic failure (such as a bridge collapse), ER funds are made available for both emergency repairs and restoration of federal-aid highway facilities to pre-disaster conditions. State departments of transportation typically have close ongoing relationships with FHWA's division offices in each state, which facilitate a quick, coordinated response to disasters. Although ER is a federal program, the decision to seek ER funding is made by the state, not by the federal government. The program is funded by a permanent annual authorization of $100 million from the highway trust fund (HTF) along with general fund appropriations provided by Congress on a "such sums as necessary" basis. A number of issues have arisen in recent years: The scope of eligible activities funded by ER has grown via legislative or FHWA waivers of eligibility criteria or changes in definitions. As a result, in some cases the ER program has funded activities that have gone beyond repairing or restoring highways to pre-disaster condition. The $100 million annual authorization has been exceeded nearly every fiscal year, requiring appropriations that can lead to delay in funding permanent repairs. Congress has directed that in some cases ER fully fund projects, without the normal 10% or 20% state matching share, increasing the federal outlay for disaster highway assistance. The 112th Congress authorized an emergency relief program for public transportation systems. However, this program does not have a permanent funding source, and funds are to be provided only by appropriation. No money has been appropriated to or expended under this program.

This manual is an update of the Emergency Relief Manual, Interim Update August 2003. It provides updated guidance and instructions on the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) emergency relief (ER) program. This manual provides information for FHWA, State, and local transportation agency personnel on policies and procedures for requesting, obtaining and administering ER funds.

Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.

April 2018 Full COLOR 8 1/2 by 11 inches The Public Assistance Program and Policy Guide provides an overview of the Presidential declaration process, the purpose of the Public Assistance (PA) Program, and the authoritiesauthorizing the assistance that the Federal Emergency Management Agency provides under the PA Program. It provides PA policy language to guide eligibility determinations. Overarching eligibility requirements are presented first and are not reiterated for each topic. It provides a synopsis of the PA Program implementation process beginning with pre-declaration activities and continuing through closeout of the PA Program award. When a State, Territorial, or Indian Tribal Government determines that an incident may exceed State, Territorial, Indian Tribal, and local government capabilities to respond, it requests a joint Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Federal, State, Territorial, Indian Tribal, local government, and certain private nonprofit (PNP) organization officials work together to estimate and document the impact and magnitude of the incident. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print the paperback book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). Some documents found on the web are missing some pages or the image quality is so poor, they are difficult to read. If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the bound paperback from Amazon.com This book includes original commentary which is copyright material. Note that government documents are in the public domain. We print these paperbacks as a service so you don't have to. The books are compact, tightly-bound paperback, full-size (8 1/2 by 11 inches), with large text and glossy covers. 4th Watch Publishing Co. is a HUBZONE SDVOSB. https: //usgovpub.com Buy the paperback from Amazon and get Kindle eBook FREE using MATCHBOOK. go to https: //usgovpub.com to learn how