Most people in the Western world listen to music because of emotions. They want to create or experience emotions. But music is made of tones, tones are sound waves and sound waves are physics. How is it possible that physics becomes psychology, because emotions are a psychological phenomenon? When people like a certain piece of music, they usually want to listen to it again and again. Not infrequently for years and decades. What could be the reasons for this? When people like a piece of music, it is primarily the melody that they like. For most people, the melody is the face of a piece. More than anything else, it is the element of music they remember. What are the characteristics of melodies that make them to be remembered by listeners? What features of the melody could it be that ensure being liked by listeners? Based on more than 300 keywords, over 160 musical examples, and 39 charts, answers to these and many other questions are sought and offered in this book. This book is always two-in-one. By illuminating how melodies are built that enjoy great popularity, it is a book of music theory. In this way, it addresses readers who are primarily interested in the book because they themselves invent melodies. By illuminating what psychological mechanisms and physiological responses trigger the melodic operations of composers and improvisers, it is an introduction to music psychological thinking. It combines fundamental considerations from cognitive science, psychology, anthropology, and linguistics. Thus, it is addressed not only to music theorists and musicologists, but ultimately to all readers who wish to expand their knowledge of how melodies work.

This book shows how recent work in cognitive science, especially that developed by cognitive linguists and cognitive psychologists, can be used to explain how we understand music. The book focuses on three cognitive processes--categorization, cross-domain mapping, and the use of conceptual models--and explores the part these play in theories of musical organization. The first part of the book provides a detailed overview of the relevant work in cognitive science, framed around specific musical examples. The second part brings this perspective to bear on a number of issues with which music scholarship has often been occupied, including the emergence of musical syntax and its relationship to musical semiosis, the problem of musical ontology, the relationship between words and music in songs, and conceptions of musical form and musical hierarchy. The book will be of interest to music theorists, musicologists, and ethnomusicologists, as well as those with a professional or avocational interest in the application of work in cognitive science to humanistic principles.

What Dimension is Music in? Music: A Multidimensional Tapestry The Physics of Sound Waves Frequency, Amplitude, and Pitch The Auditory System: Hearing the World How the Brain Processes Sound The Emotional Dimension of Music Music and the Limbic System Music's Impact on Mood and Emotions The Cognitive Dimension of Music Music and Spatial-Temporal Reasoning Music and Language Processing The Cultural Dimension of Music Music as a Universal Language The Role of Music in Rituals and Traditions The Spiritual Dimension of Music Music and Altered States of Consciousness Chanting, Mantras, and Meditative Music The Mathematical Dimension of Music The Patterns and Structures of Music The Golden Ratio in Musical Composition The Neurological Dimension of Music Music and the Synchronization of Brain Waves Music's Impact on Neural Plasticity The Evolutionary Dimension of Music The Origins of Music in Human Evolution The Universality of Musical Preferences The Therapeutic Dimension of Music Music and Pain Management Music Therapy for Mental Health The Performative Dimension of Music The Physicality of Musical Expression The Interplay of Mind and Body in Music The Technological Dimension of Music The Evolution of Musical Instruments The Impact of Digital Music Production The Future Dimension of Music Emerging Technologies and Musical Innovation The Intersection of Music and Artificial Intelligence Conclusion: Embracing the Multidimensional Nature of Music Final Thoughts: Unlocking the Mysteries of Music

The Second Conference of the International Society for the Study of Time was held at Hotel Mt. Fuji, near Lake Yamanaka, Japan, on July I to 7,1973. The present volume is the proceedings at that Con ference and constitutes the second volume in The Study of Time series. * At the closing session of our First Conference in Oberwolfach, Germany, in 1969, I was honored by being elected to the Presidency of the Society, following Dr. J. G. Whitrow, our fIrst President. My mandate was to organize a Second Conference, consistent with the aim of the Society, which is the holding of interdisciplinary conferences for the presentation and discussion of papers on various as pects of time. Several participants expressed to me their wish to have a second conference held in Japan so as to emphasize the international and intercultural dedication of this Society. Dr. Fraser carefully evaluated this and many other suggestions, weighed the possible conference sites and our chances of raising the necessary funds to convene a meeting at such sites, and concurred with my conclusions that we should go ahead with the plans for a Japanese meeting. For the difficult and complicated task of raising funds and organizing a conference in Japan, I had to select and rely heavily on somebody both capable and reliable and also living in Japan. Thus, I asked the Reverend Michael Mutsuo Yanase, S. J.

Children are inherently musical. They respond to music and learn through music. Music expresses children's identity and heritage, teaches them to belong to a culture, and develops their cognitive well-being and inner self worth. As professional instructors, childcare workers, or students looking forward to a career working with children, we should continuously search for ways to tap into children's natural reservoir of enthusiasm for singing, moving and experimenting with instruments. But how, you might ask? What music is appropriate for the children I'm working with? How can music help inspire a well-rounded child? How do I reach and teach children musically? Most importantly perhaps, how can I incorporate music into a curriculum that marginalizes the arts?This book explores a holistic, artistic, and integrated approach to understanding the developmental connections between music and children. This book guides professionals to work through music, harnessing the processes that underlie music learning, and outlining developmentally appropriate methods to understand the role of music in children's lives through play, games, creativity, and movement. Additionally, the book explores ways of applying music-making to benefit the whole child, i.e., socially, emotionally, physically, cognitively, and linguistically.

This volume collects revised versions of papers presented at the 29th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, the German Classification Society, held at the Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Germany, in March 2005. In addition to traditional subjects like Classification, Clustering, and Data Analysis, converage extends to a wide range of topics relating to Computer Science: Text Mining, Web Mining, Fuzzy Data Analysis, IT Security, Adaptivity and Personalization, and Visualization.

This study focuses on a continued evaluation and integration of Schenker’s work, specifically the role of his ever-deepening understanding of counterpoint in musicalistic structures, both horizontal (melodic) and vertical (‘chordal’). It reformulates the role of this understanding in discerning the atomic, primitive elements of an abstract human species-specific, cognitive-computational process. We conjecture that the fundamental technical concepts of counterpoint plausibly form the basis of natural musical logic and coherence and somehow reflect the basis of a representing system for a generative capacity evidenced in the creation and interpretation of musicalistic expressions. It is plausible to assume that a thorough investigation of the musical generating principles of consonance and dissonance, as developed through the technical perspective of species counterpoint, can lead to surprising insights necessary for the formulation of a general theory of music. Music, like language, is obviously an extremely complex system. Music theory must simplify this complexity and endeavour to discover its primitive elements which can be used to develop a systematic representation of levels that contributes to greater descriptive and explanatory salience of musicalistic structure.

WINNER OF THE SOCIETY OF MUSIC THEORY’S 2019 CITATION OF SPECIAL MERIT FOR MULTI-AUTHORED VOLUMES The Routledge Companion to Music Cognition addresses fundamental questions about the nature of music from a psychological perspective. Music cognition is presented as the field that investigates the psychological, physiological, and physical processes that allow music to take place, seeking to explain how and why music has such powerful and mysterious effects on us. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of research in music cognition, balancing accessibility with depth and sophistication. A diverse range of global scholars—music theorists, musicologists, pedagogues, neuroscientists, and psychologists—address the implications of music in everyday life while broadening the range of topics in music cognition research, deliberately seeking connections with the kinds of music and musical experiences that are meaningful to the population at large but are often overlooked in the study of music cognition. Such topics include: Music’s impact on physical and emotional health Music cognition in various genres Music cognition in diverse populations, including people with amusia and hearing impairment The relationship of music to learning and accomplishment in academics, sport, and recreation The broader sociological and anthropological uses of music Consisting of over forty essays, the volume is organized by five primary themes. The first section, "Music from the Air to the Brain," provides a neuroscientific and theoretical basis for the book. The next three sections are based on musical actions: "Hearing and Listening to Music," "Making and Using Music," and "Developing Musicality." The closing section, "Musical Meanings," returns to fundamental questions related to music’s meaning and significance, seen from historical and contemporary perspectives. The Routledge Companion to Music Cognition seeks to encourage readers to understand connections between the laboratory and the everyday in their musical lives.

This first definitive reference resource to take a broad interdisciplinary approach to the nexus between music and the social and behavioral sciences examines how music affects human beings and their interactions in and with the world. The interdisciplinary nature of the work provides a starting place for students to situate the status of music within the social sciences in fields such as anthropology, communications, psychology, linguistics, sociology, sports, political science and economics, as well as biology and the health sciences. Features: Approximately 450 articles, arranged in A-to-Z fashion and richly illustrated with photographs, provide the social and behavioral context for examining the importance of music in society. Entries are authored and signed by experts in the field and conclude with references and further readings, as well as cross references to related entries. A Reader's Guide groups related entries by broad topic areas and themes, making it easy for readers to quickly identify related entries. A Chronology of Music places material into historical context; a Glossary defines key terms from the field; and a Resource Guide provides lists of books, academic journals, websites and cross-references. The multimedia digital edition is enhanced with video and audio clips and features strong search-and-browse capabilities through the electronic Reader’s Guide, detailed index, and cross references. Music in the Social and Behavioral Sciences, available in both multimedia digital and print formats, is a must-have reference for music and social science library collections.