Surface ship and submarine magnetic field signatures have been exploited for over 80 years by naval influence mines, and both underwater and airborne surveillance systems. In this book, author John Holmes presents the generating mechanism of the four major shipboard sources of magnetic fields, along with a detailed description of the induced and permanent ferromagnetic signature characteristics.Holmes presents a brief historical summary of magnetic naval mine development during World War II followed by a discussion of important improvements found in modern weapons, including an explanation of the damage mechanism for non-contact explosions. This is followed by a brief historical discussion of underwater and airborne submarine surveillance systems and magnetic field sensing principles, in which mathematical formulations are presented for computing expected target signal strengths and noise levels for several barrier types.Also outlined is a multi-layered defensive strategy against naval mines, with graphical explanations of the relationships between ship signature reduction and minefield clearing effectiveness. Equations for estimating geomagnetic, ocean surface wave, platform, and vector sensor motion noises are presented along with simple algorithms for their reduction.

"Exploitation of a Ship’s Magnetic Field Signatures" by John Holmes is a groundbreaking exploration of naval technology and strategic warfare. Holmes delves into the intricate realm of magnetic field signatures emanating from ships, unraveling their implications for military operations and defense systems. The book meticulously examines how adversaries can exploit these magnetic signatures for tactical advantage or to devise countermeasures. Holmes, with authoritative expertise, offers insights into the implications for naval tactics, submarine warfare, and the development of magnetic signature mitigation technologies. This work stands as an indispensable guide for naval professionals, defense analysts, and technology enthusiasts, providing a thorough understanding of the nuanced interplay between magnetic fields and maritime security. As a seminal contribution to the field, Holmes' work navigates the complex waters of magnetic signature exploitation, making it a must-read for anyone seeking a deeper comprehension of naval strategy and modern defense mechanisms.

Decreasing the magnetic field signature of a naval vessel will reduce its susceptibility to detonating naval influence mines and the probability of a submarine being detected by underwater barriers and maritime patrol aircraft. Both passive and active techniques for reducing the magnetic signatures produced by a vessel's ferromagnetism, roll-induced eddy currents, corrosion-related sources, and stray fields are presented. Mathematical models of simple hull shapes are used to predict the levels of signature reduction that might be achieved through the use of alternate construction materials. Also, the process of demagnetizing a steel-hulled ship is presented, along with the operation of shaft-grounding systems, paints, and alternate configurations for power distribution cables. In addition, active signature reduction technologies are described, such as degaussing and deamping, which attempt to cancel the fields surrounding a surface ship or submarine rather than eliminate its source. Table of Contents: Introduction / Passive Magnetic Silencing Techniques / Active Signature Compensation / Summary

Ferromagnetic models of ships and submarines that predict or reproduce their magnetic signatures have found applications in the development of both offensive and defensive military systems from World War II to the present. The mathematical basis of generalized coordinate systems will be presented and demonstrated with example applications to analytic spherical and prolate spheroidal magnetic ship models. In addition, the advantages and pitfalls of using complex finite-element- and boundary-element numerical techniques to predict high-order near-field ship signatures will be discussed, followed by a short description of the design and testing of complementary physical scale models. Extrapolation of measured magnetic signatures from testing environments to threat areas using semi-empirical math models will be presented, along with an explanation of their inherent instabilities and methods for regularizing them. These magnetic ship signature modeling techniques are used today in designing optimized signature reduction systems that have a minimum impact on ships and their systems. The discussion will be closed with an important discussion of the verification and validation of magnetic models of surface ships and submarines.

This book provides a comprehensive study of border control: from data analysis andinformation warfare, frameworks for command and control, and game-theoretic riskmanagement, up to the (optimal) deployment of law enforcement missions. Innovative about this book is that it approaches the subject from several angles, aimingto connect theory and practice of law enforcement missions with risk management and/or quantitative modelling. Some chapters focus on legal challenges and informationwarfare, while others provide quantitative modelling of military asset deployment inthe area of interest, or show the benefits of cooperative wireless sensor networks forborder control. A case study of the Dutch Border Security Team supplements the theory. The publication is ideally suited for reference use by students, academicians, researchersand professionals in the field of border control and related areas. H. Monsuur is Professor of Military Operations Research, J.M. Jansen is AssociateProfessor of Operational ICT, and F.J. Marchal is Lecturer of International/MilitaryLaw at the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy in DenHelder, The Netherlands.

A growing awareness for sustainable mobility and the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions call for immediate action in the maritime industry. Technical improvements, such as the hydrodynamic optimization, innovations in energy saving devices, new propulsion systems and power supplies can contribute to such achievements. This challenge is even more demanding for high speed marine craft. This book presents the proceedings of HSMV2023, the 13th International Symposium on High Speed Marine Vehicles, held from 23 to 25 October 2023 in Naples, Italy. The conference attracts academics, researchers, designers, operators and shipowners. It provides a platform for the presentation and discussion of developments in the design, construction and operation of high speed marine vessels. More than 40 submissions were received; 27 papers were selected for presentation and publication in this book after a rigorous review process. The book provides an overview of current innovations and developments, and can be a reference for all those working in the field of high-speed marine vehicles.

Decreasing the magnetic field signature of a naval vessel will reduce its susceptibility to detonating naval influence mines and the probability of a submarine being detected by underwater barriers and maritime patrol aircraft. Both passive and active techniques for reducing the magnetic signatures produced by a vessel's ferromagnetism, roll-induced eddy currents, corrosion-related sources, and stray fields are presented. Mathematical models of simple hull shapes are used to predict the levels of signature reduction that might be achieved through the use of alternate construction materials. Also, the process of demagnetizing a steel-hulled ship is presented, along with the operation of shaft-grounding systems, paints, and alternate configurations for power distribution cables. In addition, active signature reduction technologies are described, such as degaussing and deamping, which attempt to cancel the fields surrounding a surface ship or submarine rather than eliminate its source. Table of Contents: Introduction / Passive Magnetic Silencing Techniques / Active Signature Compensation / Summary

Mitigating climate change, clean environment, global peace, financial growth, and future development of the world require new materials that improve the quality of life. Superconductivity, in general, allows perfect current transmission without losses. This makes it a valuable resource for sustainability in several aspects. High-temperature superconducting (HTSC) materials will be crucial for sustainable everyday applications and more attractive for the United Nations’ SDGs. Superconducting magnets can be used as high-field magnets in magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance, water purification, magnetic drug delivery, etc. Hunger can be partly avoided if there is sustainability in agriculture. In the future, DC electric energy from solar plants in Africa could be transported worldwide, especially to cold countries, using superconducting cables. Superconducting technology is an efficient way to create sustainability as well as reduce greenhouse gases. This book presents the latest global achievements in the processing and applications of high-Tc superconductors and discusses the usefulness of the SDGs. It summarizes the related advances in materials science and developments with respect to the SDGs. The book also covers large-scale applications of HTSC materials, which will be connected to the SDGs, addressed by several eminent scientists, including Prof. M. Murakami, president, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan; Prof. D. Cardwell, pro-vice chancellor, University of Cambridge, UK; and Prof. N. Long, director, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.

Underwater vehicles and underwater moorings are increasing in tactical importance. As such, it is critical to have a robust and secure communication system connecting underwater vehicles on a long seaborne mission and a ground station. As a matter of fact, the deployment of efficient communication links with underwater vehicles is one of the greatest technological challenges presently confronted by the world's naval forces. To circumvent most of the limitations involved in the use of RF or acoustic channels for perfectly secure communications with underwater vehicles, it is worth considering the feasibility of an optical channel to facilitate a two-way satellite communication link secured via perfectly secure ciphers enabled by a quantum key distribution protocol. This book offers a concise review of underwater communications systems. Our approach is pedagogical, making a strong emphasis on the physics behind the attenuating properties of the oceanic environment and the propagation of electromagnetic signals in the ELF, VLF, and optical bands. We assume the reader is familiar with the basic principles of classical electrodynamics and optics. The system design, components, and noise analysis of an underwater optical communications device are discussed in detail. Furthermore, we offer simulations of the performance of the communication system for different types of ocean waters. Our final conclusion is that it appears to be feasible to design and build underwater communications using optical classical and quantum channels secured with quantum key distribution protocols. Table of Contents: Introduction / Electrodynamics of Attenuating Media / Underwater Communication Channels / Underwater Optical Communications: Technology / Underwater Optical Communications: Noise Analysis / Underwater Optical Communications: System Performance / Underwater Quantum Communications / Conclusions PDF (1764 KB) PDF Plus (1444 KB)

This book presents the application of the overlapping grids approach to solve chiral material problems using the FDFD method. Due to the two grids being used in the technique, we will name this method as Double-Grid Finite Difference Frequency-Domain (DG-FDFD) method. As a result of this new approach the electric and magnetic field components are defined at every node in the computation space. Thus, there is no need to perform averaging during the calculations as in the aforementioned FDFD technique [16]. We formulate general 3D frequency-domain numerical methods based on double-grid (DG-FDFD) approach for general bianisotropic materials. The validity of the derived formulations for different scattering problems has been shown by comparing the obtained results to exact and other solutions obtained using different numerical methods. Table of Contents: Introduction / Chiral Media / Basics of the Finite-Difference Frequency-Domain (FDFD) Method / The Double-Grid Finite-Difference Frequency-Domain (DG-FDFD) Method for Bianisotropic Medium / Scattering FromThree Dimensional Chiral Structures / ImprovingTime and Memory Efficiencies of FDFD Methods / Conclusions / Appendix A: Notations / Appendix B: Near to Far FieldTransformation