In 'Experiments and Observations Relative to the Influence', Richard Fowler delves into the world of experimental psychology, exploring the ways in which external influences can impact human behavior and decision-making. Through a series of carefully conducted experiments and observations, Fowler highlights the importance of environmental factors in shaping our thoughts and actions. His straightforward writing style and attention to detail make this book a valuable contribution to the field of psychology, shedding light on the intricate relationship between nature and nurture. Set against the backdrop of the Enlightenment period, Fowler's work reflects the growing interest in empirical research and scientific inquiry during the 18th century. His exploration of the human mind offers readers a deeper understanding of the complexities of human behavior and the role of environmental stimuli in shaping our perceptions and choices. Readers interested in the history of psychology and the foundations of behavioral science will find 'Experiments and Observations Relative to the Influence' to be a thought-provoking and enlightening read.

The Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences, Second Edition, Four Volume Set develops from the first edition, covering all areas of neurological sciences through over 1000 entries focused on a wide variety of topics in neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and other related areas of neuroscience. The contributing authors represent all aspects of neurology from many viewpoints and disciplines to provide a complete overview of the field. Entries are designed to be understandable without detailed background knowledge in the subject matter, and cross-referencing and suggested further reading lead the reader from a basic knowledge of the subject to more advanced understanding. The easy-to-use 'encyclopedic-dictionary' format of the Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences, Second Edition features alphabetic entries, extensive cross-referencing, and a thorough index for quick reference. The wealth of information provided by these four volumes makes this reference work a trusted source of valuable information for a wide range of researchers, from undergraduate students to academic researchers. Provides comprehensive coverage of the field of neurological science in over 1,000 entries in 4 volumes "Encyclopedic-dictionary" format provides for concise, readable entries and easy searching Presents complete, up-to-date information on 32 separate areas of neurology Entries are supplemented with extensive cross-referencing, useful references to primary research articles, and an extensive index

Makers of Electricity: Embark on a captivating journey through the history of electricity with Brother Potamian and James J. Walsh. Key Points: Pioneers of innovation: Uncover the stories of remarkable individuals who played key roles in the discovery and development of electricity, revolutionizing the world as we know it. Scientific insights: Gain a deeper understanding of the scientific principles behind electricity and the groundbreaking inventions that have shaped our modern society. Human stories of ingenuity: From Thomas Edison to Nikola Tesla, this book presents the human side of scientific progress, showcasing the triumphs, challenges, and perseverance of the inventors who harnessed the power of electricity. Makers of Electricity by Brother Potamian and James J. Walsh: Makers of Electricity, co-authored by Brother Potamian and James J. Walsh, is an enlightening tribute to the pioneering minds who revolutionized the field of electricity. Through meticulous research and captivating storytelling, the authors shed light on the lives and groundbreaking achievements of scientists and inventors such as Michael Faraday, Thomas Edison, and Nikola Tesla. From the discovery of electric current to the development of practical applications, Makers of Electricity offers a comprehensive overview of the individuals who harnessed the power of this revolutionary force. The book not only celebrates the scientific achievements but also delves into the social and economic impacts of electricity on modern society. Makers of Electricity is an inspiring read that highlights the indomitable human spirit and the remarkable advancements that have shaped our world.

Scientific experimentation with humans has a long history. Combining elements of history of science with history of medicine, The Uses of Humans in Experiment illustrates how humans have grappled with issues of consent, and how scientists have balanced experience with empiricism to achieve insights for scientific as well as clinical progress. The modern incarnation of ethics has often been considered a product of the second half of the twentieth century, as enshrined in international laws and codes, but these authors remind us that this territory has long been debated, considered, and revisited as a fundamental part of the scientific enterprise that privileges humans as ideal subjects for advancing research.

This book investigates the science of electricity in the long eighteenth century and its textual life in literary and political writings. Electricity was celebrated as a symbol of enlightened progress, but its operation and its utility were unsettlingly obscure. As a result, debates about the nature of electricity dovetailed with discussions of the relation between body and soul, the nature of sexual attraction, the properties of revolutionary communication and the mysteries of vitality. This study explores the complex textual manifestations of electricity between 1740 and 1840, in which commentators describe it both as a material force and as a purely figurative one. The book analyses attempts by both elite and popular practitioners of electricity to elucidate the mysteries of electricity, and traces the figurative uses of electrical language in the works of writers including Mary Robinson, Edmund Burke, Erasmus Darwin, John Thelwall, Mary Shelley and Richard Carlile.

The ancients laid down the laws of literary form in prose as well as in verse, and bequeathed to posterity works which still serve as models of excellence. Their poets and historians continue to be read for the sake of the narrative and beauty of the style; their philosophers for breadth and depth of thought; and their orators for judicious analysis and impassioned eloquence. In the exact sciences, too, the ancients were conspicuous leaders by reason of the number and magnitude of the discoveries which they made. You have only to think of Euclid and his "Elements," of Apollonius and his Conics, of Eratosthenes and his determination of the earth's circumference, of Archimedes and his mensuration of the sphere, and of the inscription on Plato's Academy, Let none ignorant of geometry enter my door, to realize the fondness of the Greek mind for abstract truth and its suppleness and ingenuity in mathematical investigation. But the sciences of observation did not advance with equal pace; nor was this to be expected, as time is an essential element in experimentation and in the collection of data, both of which are necessary for the framing of theories in explanation of natural phenomena.

"... and still we could never suppose that fortune were to be so friendly to us, such as to allow us to be perhaps the first in handling, as it were, the electricity concealed in nerves, in extracting it from nerves, and, in some way, in putting it under everyone's eyes." With these words, Luigi Galvani announced to the world in 1791 his discovery that nervous conduction and muscle excitation are electrical phenomena. The result of more than years of intense experimental work, Galvani's milestone achievement concluded a thousand-year scientific search, in a field long dominated by the antiquated beliefs of classical science. Besides laying the grounds for the development of the modern neurosciences, Galvani's discovery also brought to light an invention that would forever change humankind's everyday life: the electric battery of Alessandro Volta. In an accessible style, written for specialists and general readers alike, Shocking Frogs retraces the steps of both scientific discoveries, starting with the initial hypotheses of the Enlightenment on the involvement of electricity in life processes. So doing, it also reveals the inconsistency of the many stereotypes that an uncritical cultural tradition has imparted to the legacies of Galvani and Volta, and proposes a decidedly new image of these monumental figures.