Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He

Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He
Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
Total Pages : 244
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9810207069
ISBN-13 : 9789810207069
Rating : 4/5 (69 Downloads)

Synopsis Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He by : G. E. Volovik

This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology.

Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He

Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He
Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
Total Pages : 236
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9810207050
ISBN-13 : 9789810207052
Rating : 4/5 (50 Downloads)

Synopsis Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He by : G. E. Volovik

This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology.

Superconductivity, Superfluids and Condensates

Superconductivity, Superfluids and Condensates
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 206
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0198507569
ISBN-13 : 9780198507567
Rating : 4/5 (69 Downloads)

Synopsis Superconductivity, Superfluids and Condensates by : James F. Annett

This textbook series has been designed for final year undergraduate and first year graduate students, providing an overview of the entire field showing how specialized topics are part of the wider whole, and including references to current areas of literature and research.

Novel Superfluids

Novel Superfluids
Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Total Pages : 641
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780191650192
ISBN-13 : 0191650196
Rating : 4/5 (92 Downloads)

Synopsis Novel Superfluids by : Karl-Heinz Bennemann

This book reports on the latest developments in the field of Superfluidity. The phenomenon has had a tremendous impact on the fundamental sciences as well as a host of technologies. It began with the discovery of superconductivity in mercury in 1911, which was ultimately described theoretically by the theory of Bardeen Cooper and Schriever (BCS) in 1957. The analogous phenomena, superfluidity, was discovered in helium in 1938 and tentatively explained shortly thereafter as arising from a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) by London. But the importance of superfluidity, and the range of systems in which it occurs, has grown enormously. In addition to metals and the helium liquids the phenomena has now been observed for photons in cavities, excitons in semiconductors, magnons in certain materials, and cold gasses trapped in high vacuum. It very likely exist for neutrons in a neutron star and, possibly, in a conjectured quark state at their center. Even the Universe itself can be regarded as being in a kind of superfluid state. All these topics are discussed by experts in the respective subfields.

Topological Quantum Numbers in Nonrelativistic Physics

Topological Quantum Numbers in Nonrelativistic Physics
Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
Total Pages : 440
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9789812386298
ISBN-13 : 9812386297
Rating : 4/5 (98 Downloads)

Synopsis Topological Quantum Numbers in Nonrelativistic Physics by : Thouless

Topological quantum numbers are distinguished from quantum numbers based on symmetry because they are insensitive to the imperfections of the systems in which they are observed. They have become very important in precision measurements in recent years, and provide the best measurements of voltage and electrical resistance. This book describes the theory of such quantum numbers, starting with Dirac''s argument for the quantization of electric charge, and continuing with discussions on the helium superfluids, flux quantization and the Josephson effect in superconductors, the quantum Hall effect, solids and liquid crystals, and topological phase transitions. The accompanying reprints include some of the classic experimental and theoretical papers in this area.Physicists OCo both experimental and theoretical OCo who are interested in the topic will find this book an invaluable reference."

The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3

The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3
Author :
Publisher :
Total Pages : 619
Release :
ISBN-10 : 1135481784
ISBN-13 : 9781135481780
Rating : 4/5 (84 Downloads)

Synopsis The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 by : Dieter Vollhardt

The phases - originally discovered in 1971 - are fascinating in that they simultaneously exhibit properties characteristic of isotropic superfluids, liquid crystals, and magnetic structures, and have made superfluid 3He a testing ground for many new ideas in physics.; The authors develop the theory of all aspects of the superfluid phases of 3He, from a brief history to the most up-to-date research on the subject, including more than 1000 references to original articles and books.

Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity

Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity
Author :
Publisher : Springer
Total Pages : 566
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9789400769618
ISBN-13 : 940076961X
Rating : 4/5 (18 Downloads)

Synopsis Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity by : M. Yu. Kagan

This book concisely presents the latest trends in the physics of superconductivity and superfluidity and magnetism in novel systems, as well as the problem of BCS-BEC crossover in ultracold quantum gases and high-Tc superconductors. It further illuminates the intensive exchange of ideas between these closely related fields of condensed matter physics over the last 30 years of their dynamic development. The content is based on the author’s original findings obtained at the Kapitza Institute, as well as advanced lecture courses he held at the Moscow Engineering Physical Institute, Amsterdam University, Loughborough University and LPTMS Orsay between 1994 and 2011. In addition to the findings of his group, the author discusses the most recent concepts in these fields, obtained both in Russia and in the West. The book consists of 16 chapters which are divided into four parts. The first part describes recent developments in superfluid hydrodynamics of quantum fluids and solids, including the fashionable subject of possible supersolidity in quantum crystals of 4He, while the second describes BCS-BEC crossover in quantum Fermi-Bose gases and mixtures, as well as in the underdoped states of cuprates. The third part is devoted to non-phonon mechanisms of superconductivity in unconventional (anomalous) superconductors, including some important aspects of the theory of high-Tc superconductivity. |The last part considers the anomalous normal state of novel superconductive materials and materials with colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The book offers a valuable guide for senior-level undergraduate students and graduate students, postdoctoral and other researchers specializing in solid-state and low-temperature physics.

Boulevard of Broken Symmetries

Boulevard of Broken Symmetries
Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
Total Pages : 413
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9789812813909
ISBN-13 : 981281390X
Rating : 4/5 (09 Downloads)

Synopsis Boulevard of Broken Symmetries by : Adriaan M. J. Schakel

This textbook covers the main topics in contemporary condensed matter physics in a modern and unified way, using quantum field theory in the functional-integral approach. The book highlights symmetry aspects in acknowledging that much of the collective behaviors of condensed matter systems at low temperatures emerge above a nontrivial ground state, which spontaneously breaks the symmetry.The emphasis is on effective field theories which provide an efficient and powerful description that is valid at long wavelengths and low frequencies. In conjunction with the emphasis on effective theories, a modern approach towards renormalization is taken, whereby a wavenumber cut-off is introduced to set a scale beyond which the microscopic model under consideration ceases to be valid. The unique and innovative character of this presentation, free of historical constraints, allows for a compact and self-contained treatment of the main topics in contemporary condensed matter physics.

Basic Superfluids

Basic Superfluids
Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
Total Pages : 180
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0748408916
ISBN-13 : 9780748408917
Rating : 4/5 (16 Downloads)

Synopsis Basic Superfluids by : Tony Guenault

Superfluidity is the jewel in the crown of low temperature physics. When temperatures are low enough, every substance in thermal equilibrium must become ordered. Since some materials remain fluid to the lowest temperatures, it is a fascinating question as to how this ordering can take place. One possibility is the formation of a superfluid state, a state in which there is macroscopic quantum order-effectively quantum mechanics in a tea-cup. The author develops and presents these ideas in the beginning of Basic Superfluids. The book assumes some basic knowledge of quantum, statistical and thermal physics, and builds on this background to give a readable introduction to the three superfluids of low temperature physics. A short chapter describing experimental techniques is included. The emphasis throughout is on physical principles rather than technical detail, with the aim of introducing the subject in an accessible yet authoritative way to final-year undergraduates or starting postgraduate students.