This Country Report for Egypt presents the main results of the broader ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia; presented in its entirety in the associated Regional Report) while distilling from it the findings and implications particularly relevant in the context of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Egypt. The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance.

This report presents the results of an ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia). The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance. The evaluation has been commissioned by the Directorate General for Trade (DG TRADE) of the European Commission and it has been implemented by the Consortium consisting of Ecorys and the Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE), supported by the Euro-Mediterranean Forum of Institutes of Economic Sciences (FEMISE). It is expected that the evaluation will help to determine best practice and lessons learned from the FTAs in order to better inform further implementation of the current Euro-Med FTAs as well as to enable cross fertilization of the gained insights across the various countries in the region to further enhance the Euro-Mediterranean partnership.

This report presents the results of an ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia). The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance. The evaluation has been commissioned by the Directorate General for Trade (DG TRADE) of the European Commission and it has been implemented by the Consortium consisting of Ecorys and the Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE), supported by the Euro-Mediterranean Forum of Institutes of Economic Sciences (FEMISE). It is expected that the evaluation will help to determine best practice and lessons learned from the FTAs in order to better inform further implementation of the current Euro-Med FTAs as well as to enable cross fertilization of the gained insights across the various countries in the region to further enhance the Euro-Mediterranean partnership.

This Country Report for Lebanon presents the main results of the broader ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia; presented in its entirety in the associated Regional Report) while distilling from it the findings and implications particularly relevant in the context of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Lebanon. The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance.

This Country Report for Morocco presents the main results of the broader ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia; presented in its entirety in the associated Regional Report) while distilling from it the findings and implications particularly relevant in the context of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Morocco. The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance.

This Country Report for Tunisia presents the main results of the broader ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia; presented in its entirety in the associated Regional Report) while distilling from it the findings and implications particularly relevant in the context of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Tunisia. The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance.

This Country Report for Algeria presents the main results of the broader ex-post evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia; presented in its entirety in the associated Regional Report) while distilling from it the findings and implications particularly relevant in the context of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Algeria. The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the achievement of the main objectives of the trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements as well as of the supplementary trade-related protocols or agreements complementing the FTAs. The evaluation assessed the extent to which the objectives of the Euro-Med FTAs have been reached in terms of the following criteria listed in the EU's Better Regulation guidelines and toolbox: effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and relevance.

Since 2013, the European Union (EU) has been implementing the Trade Pillar, i.e., the Part IV of the Association Agreement (AA) with six countries of Central America, i.e., Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. The European Commission has commissioned an evaluation of the Trade Pillar's (hereinafter EU-CA FTA) implementation and impact. The evaluation analyses implementation of the EU-CA FTA in 2013-2019 (to focus on impacts of the trade agreement before the COVID-19 pandemic) and in addition, considers data from 2009-2013 to compare trends before and after the EU-CA FTA entry into force. It analyses the economic, social, environmental, and human rights effects of the EU-CA FTA in the Parties to the Agreement and third countries. It also comprises ten case studies to illustrate or add detail to broader findings. This Final Report presents the analysis of impacts, as well as summaries of the case studies. The evaluation methodology presented in the Inception Report was published in May 2021, while a concise description of the Agreement, its institutions, and baseline situation in the EU and CA has been provided in Annexes A-F accompanying this Report.

Since 2013, the European Union (EU) has been implementing the Trade Pillar, i.e., Part IV of its Association Agreement with six countries of Central America, namely Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama (the "CA6 countries"). The European Commission has commissioned an evaluation of the Trade Pillar's (EU-CA FTA) implementation and impact. The evaluation study, prepared by external consultants, analyses the implementation of the EU-CA FTA in 2013-2019 (to focus on its impacts before the COVID-19 pandemic) and in addition, considers data from 2009-2013 to compare trends before and after the EU-CA FTA's entry into force. The analysis covers the economic, social, environmental, and human rights effects of the EU-CA FTA in the Parties to the Agreement and third countries. It also comprises ten case studies to illustrate or add detail to broader findings.

By establishing free trade for industrial products in 12 years, the European Union’s Association Agreements with countries in the Mediterranean region seek to promote accelerated economic growth. This paper reviews the literature and evaluates the economic benefits and costs for Tunisia, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, and Jordan. It concludes that the benefits could be substantial, but only if accompanied by deep supplementary reforms, including extending trade liberalization to services and agriculture and on a multilateral basis, improving the environment for foreign direct investment, ensuring an adequate fiscal and exchange rate policy response, and strengthening European Union assistance.