This book covers the fundamental aspects of the electrochemistry and redox enzymes that underlie enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, in which a redox enzyme reaction is coupled with an electrode reaction. Described here are the basic concept and theoretical aspects of bioelectrocatalysis and the various experimental techniques and materials used to study and characterize related problems. Also included are the various applications of bioelectrocatalysis to bioelectrochemical devices including biosensors, biofuel cells, and bioreactors. This book is a unique source of information in the area of enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary point of view.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization associated with the environment changes calls for reduced pollution and thereby least use of fossil fuels. Biofuel cells are bioenergy resources and biocompatible alternatives to conventional fuel cells. Biofuel cells are one of the new sustainable renewable energy sources that are based on the direct conversion of chemical matters to electricity with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes as biocatalysts. The gradual depletion of fossil fuels, increasing energy needs, and the pressing problem of environmental pollution have stimulated a wide range of research and development efforts for renewable and environmentally friendly energy. Energy generation from biomass resources by employing biofuel cells is crucial for sustainable development. Biofuel cells have attracted considerable attention as micro- or even nano-power sources for implantable biomedical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers, implantable self-powered sensors, and biosensors for monitoring physiological parameters. This book covers the most recent developments and offers a detailed overview of fundamentals, principles, mechanisms, properties, optimizing parameters, analytical characterization tools, various types of biofuel cells, all-category of materials, catalysts, engineering architectures, implantable biofuel cells, applications and novel innovations and challenges in this sector. This book is a reference guide for anyone working in the areas of energy and the environment.

The first comprehensive coverage of this unique and interdisciplinary field provides a complete overview, covering such topics as chemoenzymatic synthesis, microbial production of DNA building blocks, asymmetric transformations by coupled enzymes and much more. By combining enzymatic and synthetic organic steps, the use of multi-enzyme complexes and other techniques opens the door to reactions hitherto unknown, making this monograph of great interest to biochemists, organic chemists, and chemists working with/on organometallics, as well as catalytic chemists, biotechnologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.

Today's consumers of portable electronics consumers are demanding devices not only deliver more power but also work healthy for the environment. This fact alone has lead major corporations like Intel, BIC, Duracell and Microsoft to believe that Microfuel Cells could be the next-generation power source for electronic products. Compact and readable, Microfuels Principles and Applications, offers engineers and product designers a reference unsurpassed by any other in the market. The book starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of the fundamentals engineering principles governing energy conversion for small electronic devices, followed by self-contained chapters concerning applications. The authors provide original points of view on all types of commercially available micro fuel cells types, including micro proton exchange membrane fuel cells, micro direct methanol fuel cells, micro solid oxide fuel cells and micro bio-fuel cells. The book also contains a detailed introduction to the fabrication of the components and the assembly of the system, making it a valuable reference both in terms of its application to product design and understanding micro engineering principles. - An overview of the micro fuel cell systems and applications - A detailed introduction to the fabrication of the components and the assembly of the system - Original points of view on prospects of micro fuel cells

This book introduces the main aspects of modern applied electrochemistry. Starting with the basics of thermodynamic background, structure of interfaces and selected techniques used in analytical and material chemistry, the authors address the principles of electrochemistry in material science: corrosion, electrocatalysis, electrodeposition, energy storage and conversion. The application of nanostructured materials in these processes, as well as interfacing of electrochemistry with biology and medicine is discussed. The final part of the book is devoted to photoelectrochemistry and solar energy conversion in photoelectrochemical cells of various types. The goal of this book is to show that electrochemistry has many applications, not only for understanding of various phenomena in nowadays life but also in practical devices and can stimulate new science-enabled technologies, nourishing leaps from bench-top to large-scale industries, providing also means for protecting our environment. Creates a snapshot of the most important problems in applied electrochemistry and guides how to solve them. Gives an overview of the processes running during corrosion, electrodeposition and electrocatalysis. Focuses mainly on graduate students and those scientists who want to get a solid background knowledge of applied electrochemistry.

Enzymatic biofuel cells, in contrast to conventional energy systems, use enzymes as catalysts for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. These enzymes can also catalyze fuels such as sucrose, fructose and glucose. In addition to their use as catalysts, they are biocompatible in nature. Due to this fact, enzymatic biofuel cells have many interesting applications, such as implantable gadgets (biosensors, pacemakers, catheters, defibrillators, insulin pumps, self-controlled artificial muscles etc.). The book presents various aspects of biofuel cells including fuel cell electrochemistry, use of enzyme and enzyme immobilization techniques, use of materials such as mesoporous materials, graphene composites, conducting polymer composites and applications of biofuel cells. Keywords: Fuel Cells, Biofuel cells, Enzyme Catalysts, Energy Conversion, Fuel catalysis, Sucrose Fuel, Fructose Fuel, Glucose Fuel, Implantable Gadgets, Biosensors, Pacemakers, Catheters, Defibrillators, Insulin pumps, Artificial Muscles, Mesoporous Materials, Graphene Composites, Conducting polymers, Fuel Cell Electrochemistry, Fuel Cell Applications

Over 7,300 total pages ... Just a sample of the contents: Title : Multifunctional Nanotechnology Research Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Jan 2015,31 Jan 2016 Title : Preparation of Solvent-Dispersible Graphene and its Application to Nanocomposites Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Improvements To Micro Contact Performance And Reliability Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Delivery of Nanotethered Therapies to Brain Metastases of Primary Breast Cancer Using a Cellular Trojan Horse Descriptive Note : Technical Report,15 Sep 2013,14 Sep 2016 Title : Nanotechnology-Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Descriptive Note : Technical Report,15 Jul 2016,14 Jul 2017 Title : A Federal Vision for Future Computing: A Nanotechnology-Inspired Grand Challenge Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Quantifying Nanoparticle Release from Nanotechnology: Scientific Operating Procedure Series: SOP C 3 Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Synthesis, Characterization And Modeling Of Functionally Graded Multifunctional Hybrid Composites For Extreme Environments Descriptive Note : Technical Report,15 Sep 2009,14 Mar 2015 Title : Equilibrium Structures and Absorption Spectra for SixOy Molecular Clusters using Density Functional Theory Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Nanotechnology for the Solid Waste Reduction of Military Food Packaging Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Apr 2008,01 Jan 2015 Title : Magneto-Electric Conversion of Optical Energy to Electricity Descriptive Note : Final performance rept. 1 Apr 2012-31 Mar 2015 Title : Surface Area Analysis Using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Method: Standard Operating Procedure Series: SOP-C Descriptive Note : Technical Report,30 Sep 2015,30 Sep 2016 Title : Stabilizing Protein Effects on the Pressure Sensitivity of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Theory-Guided Innovation of Noncarbon Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Descriptive Note : Technical Report,14 Feb 2012,14 Feb 2016 Title : Deterring Emergent Technologies Descriptive Note : Journal Article Title : The Human Domain and the Future of Army Warfare: Present as Prelude to 2050 Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Drone Swarms Descriptive Note : Technical Report,06 Jul 2016,25 May 2017 Title : OFFSETTING TOMORROW'S ADVERSARY IN A CONTESTED ENVIRONMENT: DEFENDING EXPEDITIONARY ADVANCE BASES IN 2025 AND BEYOND Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : A Self Sustaining Solar-Bio-Nano Based Wastewater Treatment System for Forward Operating Bases Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Feb 2012,31 Aug 2017 Title : Radiation Hard and Self Healing Substrate Agnostic Nanocrystalline ZnO Thin Film Electronics Descriptive Note : Technical Report,26 Sep 2011,25 Sep 2015 Title : Modeling and Experiments with Carbon Nanotubes for Applications in High Performance Circuits Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Radiation Hard and Self Healing Substrate Agnostic Nanocrystalline ZnO Thin Film Electronics (Per5 E) Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Oct 2011,28 Jun 2017 Title : High Thermal Conductivity Carbon Nanomaterials for Improved Thermal Management in Armament Composites Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Emerging Science and Technology Trends: 2017-2047 Descriptive Note : Technical Report Title : Catalysts for Lightweight Solar Fuels Generation Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Feb 2013,31 Jan 2017 Title : Integrated Real-Time Control and Imaging System for Microbiorobotics and Nanobiostructures Descriptive Note : Technical Report,01 Aug 2013,31 Jul 2014

Biofuel Cells: The Design and Application of Biological Catalysts presents a detailed examination of biofuel cells, from their fundamentals and basic principles through to the latest technological, materials, and bioengineering developments. The book follows a clear, step-by-step chapter structure that takes the reader through each stage of the design, construction, and operation of BFC-based devices. Chapters 1 and 2 provide a detailed review of the fundamentals and basic principles of microbial and biofuel cells, including the electrochemistry, materials and mechanics, and applications. Chapter 3 provides an in-depth examination of catalyst evolution and chapter 4 explains all aspects of electron transfer in enzymatic biofuel cells. Chapter 5 reviews all types of hybrid biofuel cell, including fabrication and design strategies for thermoelectric and triboelectric energy devices. In chapter 6 advanced manufacture techniques for biofuel cells and bio-devices are explained, including the working principles and methodologies for printing, microfluidics, fiber, microneedle, and others. Finally, chapter 7 explores the diverse applications of biofuel cells and bio-devices, from biosensors and bioelectronics to capacitive biofuel cells. Chapters are supported by computational tools, working manuals for the techniques discussed, and detailed schematics and flowcharts for BCF fabrication. Biofuel Cells: The Design and Application of Biological Catalysts is an invaluable resource for graduate students and early career researchers interested in any aspect of biofuel cells and bio-devices and is specifically designed to benefit students from multiple backgrounds, including chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and biotechnology. - Explains the mechanisms of enzymatic and microbial biocatalysts, electron transfer mechanisms, and bioengineering for biocatalysts in BFCs - Explores the latest developments in biofuel cell technology, including printed biofuel cells, fiber biofuel cells, as well as other manufacturing methods - Reviews the versatile applications of biofuel cells, including bio-hybrid systems, self-powered biosensors, and flexible bioelectronics

Advances in Plant Nitrogen Metabolism is a thoughtful, provocative, and up-to-date volume that presents important physiological, biochemical, and molecular perspectives of the nitrogen metabolism in plants and regulatory networks underlying it. The book is an attempt to team up with global leading research experts working in the field of plant nitrogen metabolism to compile an up-to-date and wide-ranging volume. The main purpose of this book is to present information on the most recent developments including the different modern approaches and methodologies that are being currently employed in the field of plant nitrogen metabolism. We trust that this comprehensive volume will familiarize readers with the detailed mechanisms of nitrogen metabolism and its regulation and the current trends in this field of study. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including: Role of nitrogen and its assimilation in plants Recycling and remobilization of nitrogen during senescence Role of phytohormones in nitrogen metabolism Biological nitrogen fixation Nitrogen biofertilizers: role in sustainable agriculture Effect of stress on plant nitrogen metabolism Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in plants Nitrogen toxicity in plants, symptoms, and safeguards Nitrogen metabolism enzymes: structure, role, and regulation Regulatory RNAs and their role in nitrogen metabolism of diazotrophs As a pivotal contribution to the field, this volume is an invaluable and up-to-date foundation for plant physiologists, plant biochemists, geneticists, molecular biologists, agronomists, environmental researchers, and students of plant science. The book can also be used for the coursework of research and master's students.

The present book is devoted to all aspects of biosensing in a very broad definition, including, but not limited to, biomolecular composition used in biosensors (e.g., biocatalytic enzymes, DNAzymes, abiotic nanospecies with biocatalytic features, bioreceptors, DNA/RNA, aptasensors, etc.), physical signal transduction mechanisms (e.g., electrochemical, optical, magnetic, etc.), engineering of different biosensing platforms, operation of biosensors in vitro and in vivo (implantable or wearable devices), self-powered biosensors, etc. The biosensors can be represented with analogue devices measuring concentrations of analytes and binary devices operating in the YES/NO format, possibly with logical processing of input signals. Furthermore, the book is aimed at attracting young scientists and introducing them to the field, while providing newcomers with an enormous collection of literature references.