Environmental and Resources Geochemistry of Earth System

Environmental and Resources Geochemistry of Earth System
Author :
Publisher : Springer
Total Pages : 257
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9784431549048
ISBN-13 : 4431549048
Rating : 4/5 (48 Downloads)

Synopsis Environmental and Resources Geochemistry of Earth System by : Naotatsu Shikazono

The Earth system consists of subsystems that include the atmosphere, hydrosphere (water), geosphere (rocks, minerals), biosphere, and humans. In order to understand these subsystems and their interactions, it is essential to clarify the mass transfer mechanism, geochemical cycle, and influence of human activity on the natural environment. This book presents fundamental theories (thermodynamics, kinetics, mass balance model, coupling models such as the kinetics-fluid flow model, the box model, and others) concerning mechanisms in weathering, formation of hydrothermal ore deposits, hydrothermal alteration, formation of groundwater quality, and the seawater system. The interaction between fluids (atmosphere, water) and solid phases (rocks, minerals) occurs both in low-temperature and also in high-temperature systems. This book considers the complex low-temperature cycle with the high-temperature cycle, a combination that has not been dealt with in previous books concerning Earth systems. Humanity is a small part of the biosphere; however, human activities greatly influence Earth’s surface environments (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, soils, rocks). Thus, the influences of humans on other subsystems, particularly mass transfer in the deep underground geologic environment composed of host rocks and groundwater, are discussed in relation to high-level nuclear waste geologic disposal and CO2 underground sequestration—topics that have not been included in other books on environmental science.

Encyclopedia of Geochemistry

Encyclopedia of Geochemistry
Author :
Publisher : Springer
Total Pages : 1680
Release :
ISBN-10 : 3319393111
ISBN-13 : 9783319393117
Rating : 4/5 (11 Downloads)

Synopsis Encyclopedia of Geochemistry by : William M. White

The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.

Next Generation Earth Systems Science at the National Science Foundation

Next Generation Earth Systems Science at the National Science Foundation
Author :
Publisher :
Total Pages :
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0309224462
ISBN-13 : 9780309224468
Rating : 4/5 (62 Downloads)

Synopsis Next Generation Earth Systems Science at the National Science Foundation by : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine

The National Science Foundation (NSF) has played a key role over the past several decades in advancing understanding of Earth's systems by funding research on atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, geologic, polar, ecosystem, social, and engineering-related processes. Today, however, those systems are being driven like never before by human technologies and activities. Our understanding has struggled to keep pace with the rapidity and magnitude of human-driven changes, their impacts on human and ecosystem sustainability and resilience, and the effectiveness of different pathways to address those challenges. Given the urgency of understanding human-driven changes, NSF will need to sustain and expand its efforts to achieve greater impact. The time is ripe to create a next-generation Earth systems science initiative that emphasizes research on complex interconnections and feedbacks between natural and social processes. This will require NSF to place an increased emphasis on research inspired by real-world problems while maintaining their strong legacy of curiosity driven research across many disciplines ? as well as enhance the participation of social, engineering, and data scientists, and strengthen efforts to include diverse perspectives in research.

Thermodynamics of Natural Systems

Thermodynamics of Natural Systems
Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Total Pages : 433
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781107175211
ISBN-13 : 1107175216
Rating : 4/5 (11 Downloads)

Synopsis Thermodynamics of Natural Systems by : Greg Anderson

Fully updated, this streamlined new textbook is an accessible introduction to thermodynamics for Earth and environmental scientists, emphasising real-world problems.

Environmental Geochemistry

Environmental Geochemistry
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
Total Pages : 646
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780444640079
ISBN-13 : 044464007X
Rating : 4/5 (79 Downloads)

Synopsis Environmental Geochemistry by : Benedetto DeVivo

Environmental Geochemistry: Site Characterization, Data Analysis and Case Histories, Second Edition, reviews the role of geochemistry in the environment and details state-of-the-art applications of these principles in the field, specifically in pollution and remediation situations. Chapters cover both philosophy and procedures, as well as applications, in an array of issues in environmental geochemistry including health problems related to environment pollution, waste disposal and data base management. This updated edition also includes illustrations of specific case histories of site characterization and remediation of brownfield sites. - Covers numerous global case studies allowing readers to see principles in action - Explores the environmental impacts on soils, water and air in terms of both inorganic and organic geochemistry - Written by a well-respected author team, with over 100 years of experience combined - Includes updated content on: urban geochemical mapping, chemical speciation, characterizing a brownsfield site and the relationship between heavy metal distributions and cancer mortality

Introduction to Earth and Planetary System Science

Introduction to Earth and Planetary System Science
Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages : 187
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9784431540588
ISBN-13 : 443154058X
Rating : 4/5 (88 Downloads)

Synopsis Introduction to Earth and Planetary System Science by : Naotatsu Shikazono

This book presents basic information on material science (geochemistry, geophysics, geology, mineralogy, etc.), interaction between subsystem consisting earth system (atmosphere, hydrosphere, litho (geo) sphere, biosphere, humans) and in earth-planet system and evolution of earth-planetary system. The nature-humans interactions are described and new view on earth, planets and humans (integration of anthropocentrism and naturecentrism) are presented.

Earth Science for Civil and Environmental Engineers

Earth Science for Civil and Environmental Engineers
Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Total Pages : 479
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780521847254
ISBN-13 : 0521847257
Rating : 4/5 (54 Downloads)

Synopsis Earth Science for Civil and Environmental Engineers by : Richard E. Jackson

Introduces the fundamental principles of applied Earth science needed for engineering practice, with case studies, exercises, and online solutions.

Environmental Geochemistry of Potentially Toxic Metals

Environmental Geochemistry of Potentially Toxic Metals
Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages : 240
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9783662047392
ISBN-13 : 366204739X
Rating : 4/5 (92 Downloads)

Synopsis Environmental Geochemistry of Potentially Toxic Metals by : Frederic R. Siegel

Environmental and Low Temperature Geochemistry

Environmental and Low Temperature Geochemistry
Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages : 424
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781118867495
ISBN-13 : 1118867491
Rating : 4/5 (95 Downloads)

Synopsis Environmental and Low Temperature Geochemistry by : Peter Ryan

Environmental and Low-Temperature Geochemistry presents conceptual and quantitative principles of geochemistry in order to foster understanding of natural processes at and near the earth’s surface, as well as anthropogenic impacts on the natural environment. It provides the reader with the essentials of concentration, speciation and reactivity of elements in soils, waters, sediments and air, drawing attention to both thermodynamic and kinetic controls. Specific features include: • An introductory chapter that reviews basic chemical principles applied to environmental and low-temperature geochemistry • Explanation and analysis of the importance of minerals in the environment • Principles of aqueous geochemistry • Organic compounds in the environment • The role of microbes in processes such as biomineralization, elemental speciation and reduction-oxidation reactions • Thorough coverage of the fundamentals of important geochemical cycles (C, N, P, S) • Atmospheric chemistry • Soil geochemistry • The roles of stable isotopes in environmental analysis • Radioactive and radiogenic isotopes as environmental tracers and environmental contaminants • Principles and examples of instrumental analysis in environmental geochemistry The text concludes with a case study of surface water and groundwater contamination that includes interactions and reactions of naturally-derived inorganic substances and introduced organic compounds (fuels and solvents), and illustrates the importance of interdisciplinary analysis in environmental geochemistry. Readership: Advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying environmental/low T geochemistry as part of an earth science, environmental science or related program. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/ryan/geochemistry.