Global inequality has been a burning issue for years now. As the economies progress, it is expected that the benefits of growth will percolate to the lower sections of society. However, this percolation takes place in a discriminating manner. Inequality can be observed in terms of health, income, education, wealth, gender, availability of opportunities, and other socio-economic parameters. The governing authorities and international agencies have been taking various corrective measures to reduce the widening levels of inequality. However, certain external factors like the pandemic can wash away the efforts taken and deteriorate the progress made on the inequality levels in economies. Emerging Trends and Insights on Economic Inequality in the Wake of Global Crises discusses the impact of global disasters and crises on economic inequality. It provides an overview of the evolution of global inequality over the years, increasing different forms of inequalities amidst crises, the corrective measures taken by the national and international agencies, and the way forward for economies with worsening inequalities. Covering topics such as crisis management, digital agriculture, and economic welfare, this premier reference source is an essential resource for economists, business leaders and executives, government officials, students and educators of higher education, sociologists, researchers, and academicians.

This book argues that inequality is not just about numbers, but is also about lived, historical experience. It supplements economic research and offers a comprehensive stocktaking of existing thinking on global inequality and its historical development. The book is interdisciplinary, drawing upon regional and national perspectives from around the world while seeking to capture the multidimensionality and multi-causality of global inequalities. Grappling with what economics offers – as well as its blind spots – the study focuses on some of today’s most relevant and pressing themes: discrimination and human rights, defences and critiques of inequality in history, decolonization, international organizations, gender theory, the history of quantification of inequality and the history of economic thought. The historical case studies featured respond to the need for wider historical research and to calls to examine global inequality in a more holistic manner. The Introduction 'Chapter 1 Histories of Global Inequality: Introduction' is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.

The book “Economic Inequality – Trends, Traps and Trade-offs” presents the unexplored issues of economic inequality, including case studies of various countries. Inequality is a chronic divisive factor of society. It is well known that inequalities (such as economic, social, cultural, religious, geographical, etc.) have been omnipresent in human society. Inequalities can be found within each family, each community, and each nation and thus globally. Inequality is a major cause of political, economic, social instability, and creates crisis and conflict within society. A major cause of inequality is unequal, uneven, biased, power centric distributions of human economic, social, political, cultural and spiritual human necessities.The edited book examines the major parameters of the socio-economic issues of inequality and focuses on the key economic issues of inequality, namely, income and wealth distribution, equity & equality of outcome, and equality of opportunities. Economic inequality is measured by wealth, income dsiproportions in distribution and consumption patterns in a specific area. Mostly, inequality is measured using various statistical tools including the Gini Coefficient, inequality adjusted human development index, 20:20 ratio, Palma ratio, Hoover index, Galt score, Coefficient of variation, Theil index, wage share etc. However, not all income can be measured by these tools. By using case studies, this book encourages us to reframe economic development through the lens of growing inequalities and disparities. Economic growth per se is disproportional, and the efforts of scholars, practitioners and policymakers should be directed to empower the marginalized of society in a way that ‘no one should left behind’ (UN Slogan).

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Decision Support Systems for Sustainable Computing investigates recent technological advances in decision support systems models designed to solve real world applications. The book provides a broad overview of digital technology transformation as applied to the circular economy which is seeking to drive improvements in scientific research, communication, logistics, automation, production, and the improved sustainability of these processes and products. The book explores applications of decision support for sustainable development across supply chain management, business intelligence, agriculture, aviation, communications, and finance. - Provides a broad overview of emerging trends and technologies in decision support systems applications - Investigates recent trends and core concepts in digital technology transformation as applied to the circular economy and sustainable development - Analyzes the application of decision support systems models across a range of case studies and processes which rely on multi-criteria decision-making and have been designed specifically to improve overall sustainability

In the 21st century, management accounting gains new dimensions, expanding its research area. Additionally, management of sustainable performance is one of the phenomena faced by the current business environment, and in particular management corporations. The focus of management on profitability remains the main objective of any company, but it must also take into account the sustainability of social, economic, and environmental aspects. Under these circumstances, managerial decisions must be adjusted and strongly substantiated considering the information required by internal and external stakeholders including financial reporting. The information requirements of customers and other stakeholders are steadily increasing, and some companies face certain problems in implementing the concept of sustainability and environmental reporting. Perspectives of Management Accounting for Sustainable Business Practices proposes an interdisciplinary perspective and explores various theoretical and practical approaches to management accounting and its impact in the 21st century on different areas of activity. It contrasts external financial accounting for government regulators and the investment community with internal management accounting for managers to leverage decision making. Covering topics such as corporate social responsibility, disclosure issues, and performance analysis, this premier reference source is an essential resource for business leaders and executives, accountants, financial controllers, business analysts, budgeting managers, students and faculty of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Businesses are facing an unprecedented challenge - the urgent need to adapt and thrive in a world where intelligent factories and supply chains are the new norm. The digital transformation of supply chains is essential for staying competitive, but it is a complex journey fraught with uncertainties. How can organizations harness the power of emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to increase profitability, cut supply chain costs, elevate customer service, and optimize their networks? The answers to these questions are crucial for business survival and success. AI and Machine Learning Impacts in Intelligent Supply Chain is a groundbreaking book that offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges posed by the Industry 4.0 revolution. This book is your indispensable guide to navigating the intricate world of supply chain digital transformation using innovative technologies. It provides real-world examples and insights that illustrate how AI and ML are the keys to solving complex supply chain problems, from inventory management to route optimization and beyond. Whether you are an academic scholar seeking to delve into the impact of AI and ML on supply chain management or a business leader striving to gain a competitive edge, this book is tailored to meet your needs.

It has been suggested that national economic policies should focus on taxation to achieve social equity and interest rates for economic efficiency; wealth distribution can balance efficiency and equity through tax rates, interest rates, and exchange rates. Additionally, while the economic system seeks efficiency and the social system pursues equity, common interest modifications with elastic exchange and tax rates should be applied for balancing efficiency and equity. Wealth Expanding Theory Under the Principle of Efficiency-Equity Equilibrium is a comprehensive reference source that considers economic philosophy for extending economic cognition, balancing economic efficiency and social equity, and future interstellar economics. Covering key topics such as poverty, fiscal policy, and macroeconomics, this reference work is ideal for policymakers, government officials, business owners, economists, managers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

For the first time since the Great Depression, financial market issues threatened to derail global economic growth. This global financial crisis forced a reconsideration of systemic vulnerabilities with knowledge of numerous investment options and portfolio management strategies becoming more critical than ever before. A complete study of investment choices and portfolio management approaches in both the developing and developed worlds is required to achieve stability and sustainability. The Handbook of Research on Stock Market Investment Practices and Portfolio Management gives a thorough view on the recent developments in investment options and portfolio management strategies in global stock markets. Learning about the many investment options and portfolio management strategies available in the event of a worldwide catastrophe is critical. Covering topics such as AI-based technical analysis, marketing theory, and sharing economy, this major reference work is an excellent resource for investors, traders, economists, business leaders and executives, marketers, students and faculty of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge management can create innovative digital solutions and business opportunities in Asia from circular and green economies to technological disruption, innovation, and smart cities. It is essential to understand the impact and importance of AI and knowledge management within the digital economy for future development and for fostering the best practices within 21st century businesses. The Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Management in Asia’s Digital Economy offers conceptual frameworks, empirical studies, and case studies that help to understand the latest developments in artificial intelligence and knowledge management, as well as its potential for digital transformation and business opportunities in Asia. Covering topics such as augmented reality. Convolutional neural networks, and digital transformation, this major reference work generates enriching debate on the challenges and opportunities for economic growth and inclusion in the region among business executives and leaders, IT managers, policymakers, government officials, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.