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Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by Aerial and Ground Radar Objects presents the theory, original calculation methods, and computational results of the scattering characteristics of different aerial and ground radar objects. This must-have book provides essential background for computing electromagnetic wave scattering in the presence of different kinds of irregularities, as well as Summarizes fundamental electromagnetic statements such as the Lorentz reciprocity theorem and the image principle Contains integral field representations enabling the study of scattering from various layered structures Describes scattering computation techniques for objects with surface fractures and radar-absorbent coatings Covers elimination of "terminator discontinuities" appearing in the method of physical optics in general bistatic cases Includes radar cross-section (RCS) statistics and high-range resolution profiles of assorted aircrafts, cruise missiles, and tanks Complete with radar backscattering diagrams, echo signal amplitude probability distributions, and other valuable reference material, Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by Aerial and Ground Radar Objects is ideal for scientists, engineers, and researchers of electromagnetic wave scattering, computational electrodynamics, and radar detection and recognition algorithms.

The propagation of waves along and across the boundary between two media with different characteristic velocities is much more complicated when the source is on or near the boundary than when it is far away and the incident waves are plane. Examples of waves generated by localized sources near a boundary are the electromagnetic waves from the currents in a dipole on the surface of the earth and the seismic waves from a slip event in a fault in the earth's crust like the San Andreas fault in California. Both involve a type of surface wave that is called a lateral wave in electro magnetics and a head wave in seismology. Since the two are analogous and the latter is more easily visualized, it is conveniently used here to introduce and describe this important type of surface wave using the data of Y. Ben Zion and P. Malin ("San Andreas Fault Zone Head Waves Near Parkfield, CA," Science 251, 1592-1594, 29 March 1991).

0.1 Introduction The present volume is about the physics of electromagnetic scattering, not mathematics, and is intended as a reference book for engineering and physics students as well as researchers in electromagnetic scattering. Although the subject is on electromagnetic scattering, acoustic or scalar scattering will be discussed occasionally when it is deemed helpful and advantageous. In the current decade we are witnessing an emergence of inverse scattering theory. Before we embark on this exciting journey, perhaps this is an appropriate time to summarize and assess in one volume some of the important re sults of electromagnetic scattering which have been found in recent decades. Since the end of WW II two significant physical phenomena in electromag netic scattering, optimal polarization and exterior resonant frequencies, have been discovered and a powerful mathematical technique, called the integral equation method, has been incorporated. These physical quantities, which characterize the scattered field for a given scatterer, are not directly observ able but can only be extracted by mathematical means from the measured scattering data. They are given special attention.