This book considers the evidence for actual contacts between Egypt and other early African cultures, and how influential, or not, Egypt was on them.

Proceedings of the Conference held at The Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, 2-4 October 2009

This Element is aimed at discussing the relations between Egypt and its African neighbours. In the first section, the history of studies, the different kind of sources available on the issue, and a short outline of the environmental setting is provided. In the second section the relations between Egypt and its African neighbours from the late Prehistory to Late Antique times are summarized. In the third section the different kinds of interactions are described, as well as their effects on the lives of individuals and groups, and the related cultural dynamics, such as selection, adoption, entanglement and identity building. Finally, the possible future perspective of research on the issue is outlined, both in terms of methods, strategies, themes and specific topics, and of regions and sites whose exploration promises to provide a crucial contribution to the study of the relations between Egypt and Africa.

This is a timely work which seeks to place Egypt in its true historical context. It captures the substantial, unmistakable evidence for the indigenous African origin of the ancient Egyptians. It also examines the genius behind their invaluable achievement in concretizing and codifying the hieroglyphic system of writing that they inherited from their ancestors. It explains their mastery of the arts and sciences as displayed in their monumental architectural feats. And finally it analyzes their highly organized-not surprisingly, matriarchal -- social system which made it possible for so many of their unsurpassed contributions to be bequeathed to human cultures everywhere. Unlike conventional treatments of ancient Egypt, however, this innovative text renders the collected data accessible to layman and expert alike through its framework of suggested curriculum outlines, thus ensuring this book's usefulness to the general public as well as to educational institutions. "Professor Crawford.. has made every effort to show that art and language are weapons in a nation's cultural survival. In preparing this book with the...hope that it will be used in a multicultural curriculum, he has opened a new educational door by showing the true significance of ancient Egyptian art and language". -- John Henrik Clarke, Professor Emeritus/Hunter College "Blending Egyptology with progressive education philosophy..., Crawford argues that Egyptian studies, with a focus on art and language, is a necessary and empowering course of study for African American students... and for students from other backgrounds as well. -- Keith Gilyard, Syracuse University "Dr. Crawford cites chapter and verse as to how wecan naturally fashion the curriculum to reflect both our diverse legacies and contributions to society and, in so doing, render diverse and sundry individual subject areas genuinely interdisciplinary....I sincerely hope that this fine work gets the broad airing it deserves. If enough educators are exposed to it, I am certain it will play an important part in energizing the studies that take place in schools across the nation". -- Arthur Lewin, Baruch College

This volume represents a new departure in the examination of Egypt's place in the African context. It brings together the latest research of the 1980s on Nile Valley civilizations, what they achieved, and their impact on Africa and the world. The authors take an "Afrocentric" in contrast to a "Eurocentric" perspective in their studies of the birthplace of civilization. This volume includes sections on the race and origin of the ancient Egyptians, black dynasties and rulers, Egyptian science and philosophy, and great Egyptologists. It sheds new light on neglected aspects of history. Ivan Van Sertima is professor of African studies, Rutgers University, and editor of the Journal of African Civilizations. He is the author of They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America, winner of the Clarence L. Holte International Prize.

First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

"Ancient Nubia ... will introduce you to the peoples and culture of the ancient land of Nubia. A civilization sometimes threatened by, but more often competitive with, its more powerful northern neighbor, Egypt. Ancient Nubia had an identitiy and a diversity of tradition that is extraordinary to investigate."--Cover.

This book provides an original treatment of the concept of good and beauty in ancient Egypt. It seeks to examine the dimensions of nefer, the term used to describe the good and the beautiful, within the context of ordinary life. Because the book is based upon original research on ancient Egypt it opens up space for a review of the aesthetics of other African societies in the Nile Valley. Thus, it serves as a heuristic for further research and scholarship.

In the 9th century BC, a powerful kingdom arose in northern Sudan (Kush). Conquering Egypt, its kings ruled the Nile Valley, from the Mediterranean as far as Khartoum, for half a century. This was a period of dramatic historical events, dominated by the expansion of the Assyrian Empire into Syria and Palestine. The Nubians supported the kings of Israel against Assyria, but even Egypt itself was invaded. Allied with the Assyrians, the Libyan princes of Sais succeeded in ousting the Nubians and reuniting Egypt under their own rule. Despite these constant wars, this was also a period of artistic renaissance, attested by many building works in Egypt and Sudan, by a striking series of portrait sculptures, and the splendid burial treasures of the royal family. Withdrawal from Egypt did not mark the end of the Kushite state, which continued for nearly 1000 years.