This report presents a directory of effective practices used to prevent bus accidents at small, medium, and large transit systems. Most of the information was obtained from 182 transit systems in the United States and in Canada and from statewide transit insurance pools in six states. The directory is designed to be used by transit management, operations, and safety personnel.

TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 126: Successful Practices and Training Initiatives to Reduce Accidents and Incidents at Transit Agencies documents current practices and training initiatives, including bus operator training and retraining programs that have been effective in reducing accidents and incidents at transit agencies. The study also focuses on other system approaches that have been implemented to address safety hazards. These approaches include various technology applications, infrastructure modifications, and programs and initiatives such as driver incentive programs and close call/near miss reporting.

Offers information on the current practices of transit agencies to reduce injuries to bus occupants during collisions and injuries to passengers while boarding, riding, and leaving the bus.

This report will be of interest to individuals and groups with a stake in the location and design of bus stops. These groups include public transportation organizations, public works departments, local departments of transportation, developers, and public and private organizations along or near bus routes. The research evaluated bus bulbs, an innovation in the design of bus stops found in several major North American cities. A bus bulb is a section of sidewalk that extends from the curb of a parking lane to the edge of a through lane. They are also known as curb extensions, nubs, and bus bulges.

Transit agencies around the country are facing the challenges of reducing transit bus collisions and the injuries, fatalities, and liability expenses associated with these collisions. The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Synthesis 145: Current Practices in the Use of Onboard Technologies to Avoid Transit Bus Incidents and Accidents documents the current practices in the use of the various onboard technologies on transit buses to prevent incidents and accidents, with a primary objective of determining whether these technologies are effective in actual practice. The examination shows that many transit agencies are proactively instituting a number of approaches to address these collisions, including the piloting and use of collision avoidance technologies, such as forward collision warning (FCW), emergency braking, lane departure warning (LDW), and electronic stability control (ESC).

"This report completes and updates the first edition of NCHRP Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems (HFG), which was published previously in three collections. The HFG contains guidelines that provide human factors principles and findings for consideration by, and is a resource document for, highway designers, traffic engineers, and other safety practitioners."--Foreword.

Ch. 1. Introduction. Background. Project objectives. Technical approach to project. Report organization -- ch. 2. Literature summary. Transit security. Workplace violence. Bus operator training and selection. Video surveillance. Self-defense. Bus operator perspective. International studies -- ch. 3. Survey results. Characteristics of survey respondents. Security provider. Fare and rules enforcement. Standard operating procedures. Definition of "assault". Assault characteristics. Training. Employee assistance. Data collection and reporting. Methods to address operator assaults. Bus operator selection methods. Impact of violence against operators. Effective measures -- ch. 4. Operator protection measures : technology and information management. Barriers. Information management and crime analysis. Video surveillance. Audio surveillance. Automatic vehicle location system. Transit operations decision support system. Emergency communications. DNA kits.