What were the intentions of early China's historians? Modern readers must contend with the tension between the narrators' moralizing commentary and their description of events. Although these historians had notions of evidence, it is not clear to what extent they valued what contemporary scholars would deem "hard" facts. Offering an innovative approach to premodern historical documents, Garret P. S. Olberding argues that the speeches of court advisors reveal subtle strategies of information management in the early monarchic context. Olberding focuses on those addresses concerning military campaigns where evidence would be important in guiding immediate social and political policy. His analysis reveals the sophisticated conventions that governed the imperial advisor's logic and suasion in critical state discussions, which were specifically intended to counter anticipated doubts. Dubious Facts illuminates both the decision-making processes that informed early Chinese military campaigns and the historical records that represent them.

"Did Ernie Wise really make the first mobile phone call in the UK? Did Isaac Newton invent the cat flap? Is a smurf really three apples tall? Pub facts are the improbable, bizarre and yet somehow convincing claims that are often wheeled out by armchair scientists, amateur lawyers and pub historians. They ll tell you, without a shadow of a doubt, that you can get tonsillitis even if you ve had your tonsils removed; that it s illegal to drive in bare feet; and that Attila the Hun died from a nosebleed. But is it fact or fabrication? mus Can t Walk Backwards will help you stride confidently through the most treacherous trivia minefield, while providing definitive answers to life s most pressing concerns. Did Johnny Cash become addicted to painkillers after being attacked by an ostrich? Do ants ever sleep? Are mushrooms and toadstools the same thing? efreshingly cynical and engagingly informative, this hilarious follow-up to Bears Can t Run Downhill clears up the confusion by revealing the outright lies, the muddled misunderstandings and just occasionally the astonishing truth."

A riveting novel of labor strife and apocalyptic violence, now a major motion picture starring James Franco, Bryan Cranston, Selena Gomez, and Zach Braff A Penguin Classic At once a relentlessly fast-paced, admirably observed novel of social unrest and the story of a young man's struggle for identity, In Dubious Battle is set in the California apple country, where a strike by migrant workers against rapacious landowners spirals out of control, as a principled defiance metamorphoses into blind fanaticism. Caught in the upheaval is Jim Nolan, a once aimless man who find himself in the course of the strike, briefly becomes its leader, and is ultimately crushed in its service. For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

This edition updates benchmarks, includes a new chapter on rhetoric, updated a few examples, and thoroughly updated the bibliography.

It is common practice nowadays for adaptation critics to denounce the lack of meta-theoretical thinking in adaptation studies and to plead for a study of ‘adaptation-as-adaptation’; one that eschews value judgments, steps beyond normative fidelity-based discourse, examines adaptation from an intertextual perspective, and abandons the single-source model for a multiple-source model. This study looks into a research program that does all that and more. It was developed in the late 1980s and presented in the early 1990s as a ‘polysystem’ (PS) study of adaptations. Since then, the PS label has been replaced with ‘descriptive’. This book studies the question of whether and how a PS approach could evolve into a descriptive adaptation studies (DAS) approach. Although not perfect (no method is), DAS offers a number of assets. Apart from dealing with the above-mentioned issues, DAS transcends an Auteurist approach and looks at explanation beyond the level of individual agency (even if contextualized). As an alternative to the endless accumulation of ad hoc case studies, it suggests corpus-based research into wider trends of adaptational behavior and the roles and functions of sets of adaptations. DAS also allows reflection upon its own epistemic values. It sheds new light on some old issues: How can one define adaptation? What does it mean to study adaptation-as-adaptation? Is equivalence still possible and is the concept still relevant? DAS also tackles some deeper epistemological issues: How can phenomena be compared? Why would difference be more real than sameness or change more real than stasis? How does description relate to evaluation, explanation and prediction, etc.? This book addresses both theory-minded scholars who are interested in epistemological reflection and practice-oriented adaptation students who want to get started. From a theoretical point of view, it discusses arguments that could support the legitimacy of adaptation studies as an academic discipline. From a practical point of view, it explains in general terms ways of conducting an adaptation study. Patrick Cattrysse’s work is of utmost importance to Adaptation Studies. As the first extended attempt to develop a rigorous methodology which borrows in very meaningful ways from Adaptation Studies’ cousin Translation Studies, this book should be on every Adaptation scholar’s shelf. While Hutcheons, Sanders and Leitch, to name but a few, layed the groundwork which allowed Adaptation Studies to establish itself as a field of inquiry in its own right, Cattrysse moves the field into the next necessary stage: that of developing conceptual tools which stand the test of critical investigation and allow Adaptation Studies to move beyond the single case-study approach. (Katja Krebs - University of Bristol) This book is a bold initiative: it proposes, and illustrates, a comprehensive new empirical research programme for film adaptation studies, inspired by the way systems theory and norm theory have expanded Translation Studies. One of the book’s unusual strengths is the way the proposal is grounded in a thoughtful theoretical discussion of conceptual and methodological issues, dealing with such notions as theory, descriptivism, definition, diachrony and explanation. This gives the work a significance that ranges well beyond Adaptation Studies alone; it deserves the attention of scholars in the humanities in general. (Andrew Chesterman - University of Helsinki) This dense and theoretically-informed study argues forcefully for a descriptive systems analysis approach to literature/ film adaptation, building on the author’s earlier corpus-based study of film noir and adaptation. Providing a wide-ranging discussion of important critical questions (including the place of logical positivism in humanistic studies), this book will give adaptation scholars much to think about. Well-written, carefully organized, and consistently persuasive, DESCRIPTIVE ADAPTATION STUDIES promises to be an important intervention in a field of increasing importance in humanistic studies. Must reading for scholars in the field (R. Barton Palmer; Clemson University).

Commemorating Morton Deutsch’s 95th birthday, this book presents ten major texts by this highly respected social psychologist on war and peace. This second volume presents Deutsch in his role as a leading social science activist on issues of war and peace – writing papers, making speeches and participating in demonstrations. After serving in the U.S. Air Force during World War II and being awarded two Distinguished Flying Cross medals, as a psychologist he was determined to work for a more peaceful world. Influenced by Kurt Lewin, who believed that nothing was as practical as a good theory, Deutsch pursued theoretical work on such issues as cooperation-competition, conflict resolution and social justice with regard to issues of war and peace. As President of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence, the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the International Society of Political Psychology, he helped to foster social science efforts to make for a more peaceful world.

Utilising a geographic lens to examine the adoption and dissemination of, and attention to ‘fake news’, this timely and important book explores how misinformation in the digital age calls attention to the multiple geographic dimensions of online fictions, conspiracy theories and political disinformation.

In this book, we describe the online world that youth begin to encounter, often without adult oversight. It is a critical time where they are first getting to know both the outside world and form their own identity. We explain the social forces and sways that influence kids’ attitudes and choices, from peers in social apps to influencers. We show how the online world suggests answers that may or may not be right for individuals. Each chapter we supplies lessons that teachers, parents, counselors, and others can use to make youth aware of these online sways.