The Pentecostalisation of African Christianity has been called the “African Reformation” of the past thirty years. African Pentecostalism is a diverse movement characterised by its emphases on Spirit baptism, divine healing, charismatic worship and eschatological expectations. This work investigates its eschatological systems in terms of its unrealised expectation of the second coming of Christ, and suggestions are presented for the movement to keep its eschatology at the heart of its impetus. This is accomplished through a hermeneutical awareness of the distinctiveness of Pentecostalism as a restorationist movement. Written for pastors, church leaders and believers, this book discusses the literalistic way of reading the Bible in most of the classical Pentecostal components of African Pentecostalism, supporting their premillennialist and even dispensational eschatological views. It suggests a new Pentecostal hermeneutics developed by scholarship in the past forty years, in line with significant elements of the way in which early Pentecostals read the Bible. This new hermeneutical awareness implies new and exciting ways of thinking about eschatology that will enrich and enlighten African Pentecostalism in its hope for the second coming of Christ.

This collection of essays from established scholars and rising stars offers fresh perspectives in eschatology for the Pentecostal and Charismatic movements. The fresh readings of eschatology in this volume are valuable because they demonstrate that Pentecostals no longer need to look to others to interpret their theology for them but can stand as scholars and thinkers in their own right.

Early Pentecostals proclaimed the restoration of the charismatic gifts as a sign of the imminent coming of Christ. This eschatology was later marginalized by the rise of fundamentalist dispensationalism. Today Pentecostal eschatology is being revised to include a more transformative view of the kingdom. This boook proposes a further revision of Pentecostal eschatology created to recover prophetic elements of early Pentecostalism that invite a responsible social engagement in the world, and to overcome fundamentalist assumptions which have crept into Pentecostal theology in its middle years. To this end, the eschatological thought of selected Pentecostal theologians is placed in dialogue with Jurgen Moltmann. This dialogue critiques fundamentalist tendencies within contemporary Pentecostalism by advocating a theology more open to history and creation, and a Pentecostal ethic both personal and social in scope.

In the Days of Caesar is a constructive political theology formulated in sustained dialogue with the Pentecostal and charismatic renewal one of the most vibrant religious movements at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Amos Yong here argues that the many tongues, practices, and gifts of renewal Christianity offer up new resources for thinking about how Christian community can engage and transform the social, political, and economic structures of the world. Yong has three goals here. First he seeks to correct stereotypes of Pentecostalism, both political and theological. Secondly he aims to provoke Pentecostals to reflect theologically from out of the depths of their own Pentecostalism rather than merely to adopt some framework for theological or political self-understanding. Finally Yong shows that a distinctively Pentecostal form of theological reflection is not a parochial activity but has constructive potential to illuminate Christian belief and practice. This book s engagement with political theology from a Pentecostal perspective is the first of its kind.

This volume looks at the Third Great Awakening, one of the most exciting times in the history of American Christianity. A. B. Simpson's impact on the Third Great Awakening and his influence on the modern church is examined. Emphasis is placed on the denomination he founded, the Christian and Missionary Alliance. Simpson's message, the Fourfold Gospel, is also explored. The Fourfold Gospel is: Christ as the Christian's Savior, Sanctifier, Healer, and Coming King. The denomination Simpson founded took this message not only to North America, but also throughout the world. Five movements made up the Third Great Awakening and Simpson's contribution to each one is examined. These five movements include: Evangelizing, Holiness Movement, Healing Movement, Pre-millenial Movement, and Urban and Worldwide Outreach. As this book concludes with a look at Simpson's influence on the church today, we are reminded that as the church goes through the twenty-first century, the Fourfold Gospel continues to be proclaimed just as it was during the Third Great Awakening.

Evangelical Christianity in the United States is currently in a dramatic state of change. Yet amidst this sometimes tumultuous religious environment a rather unique blend of both ancient and contemporary Christian theology has found its way into the hearts and minds of emerging generations of Christians. The Theology of Dallas Willard both describes and conveys the essence of this increasingly popular and perhaps mediating view of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Blending both a prophetic critique with pastoral encouragement, Willard's unique understanding of the reality present within a life lived as a disciple of Jesus in the kingdom of God is attracting both new and traditional Christians to reconsider their faith.

Growing out of the need to articulate an eschatology that is consistent with the theological beliefs, spiritual experience, and hermeneutical insights of the Pentecostal movement, this volume applies an interdisciplinary approach to the subject, integrating historical, biblical, and theological studies. After providing a comprehensive review of the current state of Pentecostal eschatology, the study explores the periodical literature of the earliest years of the movement, understanding this period to be the heart or originating source of the tradition. Drawing upon insights gained from this exploration, the boundaries for discerning a contemporary Pentecostal eschatology are established and a constructive, biblical-theological contribution to this subject is offered, focused upon a fresh reading of Revelation 21–22 and framed around the narrative testimony of the fivefold gospel that emerges from the heart of the tradition.

How can people believe that the supernatural end of the world lies just around the corner when, so far, every such prediction has been proved wrong? Some scholars argue that millenarians are psychologically disturbed; others maintain that their dreams of paradise on earth reflect a nascent political awareness. In this book Damian Thompson looks at the members of one religious group with a strong apocalyptic tradition--Kensington Temple, a large Pentecostal church in London--and attempts to understand how they reconcile doctrines of the end of the world with the demands of their everyday lives. He asks such questions as: Who is making the argument that the world is about to end, and on whose authority? How is it communicated? Which members are persuaded by it? What are the practical consequences for them? How do they rationalize their position? Based on extensive interviews as well as a survey of almost 3000 members, Thompson finds existing explanations of apocalyptic belief inadequate. Although they profess allegiance to millennial doctrine, he discovers, members actually assign a low priority to the "End Times." The history of millenarianism is littered with disappointment, Thompson notes, and the lesson has largely been learned: "predictive" millenarianism--with its risky time-specific predictions of the end--has been substantially supplanted by "explanatory" millenarianism, which uses apocalyptic narratives to explain features of the contemporary world. Most apocalyptic believers, he finds, are comfortable with these lower-cost explanatory narratives that do not require them to sell their houses and head for the hills. He does uncover a handful of "textbook" millenarians in the congregation--people who are confident that Jesus will return in their lifetimes. He concludes that their atypical beliefs were influenced by their conversion experiences, individual psychology, and degree of subcultural immersion. Although much has been written about apocalyptic belief, Thompson's empirically-based study is unprecedented. It constitutes an important step forward in our understanding of this puzzling feature of contemporary religious life.

Theodoret of Cyrus on Romans 11:26: Recovering an Early Christian Elijah Redivivus Tradition explores the interesting reading of Romans 11:26 offered by the fifth-century Antiochene bishop Theodoret of Cyrus, who states that «the Jews will believe when the excellent Elijah comes, bringing to them the doctrine of faith.» Surveying the diverse Elijah redivivus traditions of Middle Judaism and early Christianity, the author identifies the two main trajectories of Christian Elijah redivivus traditions that emerge. Theodoret's application of one such tradition to Romans 11:26 is set within the framework of the modern debate on the salvation of Israel, allowing an ancient voice to speak to the modern scholarly divide.