Dislocation Based Crystal Plasticity: Theory and Computation at Micron and Submicron Scale provides a comprehensive introduction to the continuum and discreteness dislocation mechanism-based theories and computational methods of crystal plasticity at the micron and submicron scale. Sections cover the fundamental concept of conventional crystal plasticity theory at the macro-scale without size effect, strain gradient crystal plasticity theory based on Taylar law dislocation, mechanism at the mesoscale, phase-field theory of crystal plasticity, computation at the submicron scale, including single crystal plasticity theory, and the discrete-continuous model of crystal plasticity with three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics coupling finite element method (DDD-FEM). Three kinds of plastic deformation mechanisms for submicron pillars are systematically presented. Further sections discuss dislocation nucleation and starvation at high strain rate and temperature effect for dislocation annihilation mechanism. - Covers dislocation mechanism-based crystal plasticity theory and computation at the micron and submicron scale - Presents crystal plasticity theory without size effect - Deals with the 3D discrete-continuous (3D DCM) theoretic and computational model of crystal plasticity with 3D discrete dislocation dynamics (3D DDD) coupling finite element method (FEM) - Includes discrete dislocation mechanism-based theory and computation at the submicron scale with single arm source, coating micropillar, lower cyclic loading pillars, and dislocation starvation at the submicron scale

Written by the leading experts in computational materials science, this handy reference concisely reviews the most important aspects of plasticity modeling: constitutive laws, phase transformations, texture methods, continuum approaches and damage mechanisms. As a result, it provides the knowledge needed to avoid failures in critical systems udner mechanical load. With its various application examples to micro- and macrostructure mechanics, this is an invaluable resource for mechanical engineers as well as for researchers wanting to improve on this method and extend its outreach.

Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity is a unified, quantitative and fundamental resource for material scientists investigating the strength of metallic materials of various structures at extreme temperatures. Crystal plasticity is usually controlled by a limited number of elementary dislocation mechanisms, even in complex structures. Those which determine dislocation mobility and how it changes under the influence of stress and temperature are of key importance for understanding and predicting the strength of materials. The authors describe in a consistent way a variety of the.

In the 1950s the direct observation of dislocations became possible, stimulat ing the interest of many research workers in the dynamics of dislocations. This led to major contributions to the understanding of the plasticity of various crys talline materials. During this time the study of metals and alloys of fcc and hcp structures developed remarkably. In particular, the discovery of the so-called in ertial effect caused by the electron and phonon frictional forces greatly influenced the quantitative understanding of the strength of these metallic materials. Statis tical studies of dislocations moving through random arrays of point obstacles played an important role in the above advances. These topics are described in Chaps. 2-4. Metals and alloys with bcc structure have large Peierls forces compared to those with fcc structure. The reasons for the delay in studying substances with bcc structure were mostly difficulties connected with the purification techniques and with microscopic studies of the dislocation core. In the 1970s, these difficulties were largely overcome by developments in experimental techniques and computer physics. Studies of dislocations in ionic and covalent bonding materials with large Peierls forces provided infonnation about the core structures of dislocations and their electronic interactions with charged particles. These are the main subjects in Chaps. 5-7.

Modeling and simulation play an ever increasing role in the development and optimization of materials. Computational Materials Science presents the most important approaches in this new interdisciplinary field of materials science and engineering. The reader will learn to assess which numerical method is appropriate for performing simulations at the various microstructural levels and how they can be coupled. This book addresses graduate students and professionals in materials science and engineering as well as materials-oriented physicists and mechanical engineers.

Size Effects in Plasticity: From Macro to Nano provides concise explanations of all available methods in this area, from atomistic simulation, to non-local continuum models to capture size effects. It then compares their applicability to a wide range of research scenarios. This essential guide addresses basic principles, numerical issues and computation, applications and provides code which readers can use in their own modeling projects. Researchers in the fields of computational mechanics, materials science and engineering will find this to be an ideal resource when they address the size effects observed in deformation mechanisms and strengths of various materials. - Provides a comprehensive reference on the field of size effects and a review of mechanics of materials research in all scales - Explains all major methods of size effects simulation, including non-local continuum models, non-local crystal plasticity, discrete dislocation methods and molecular dynamics - Includes source codes that readers can use in their own projects

This textbook describes the physics of the plastic deformation of solids at high temperatures. It is directed at geologists or geophysicists interested in the high-temperature behaviour of crystals who wish to become acquainted with the methods of materials science in so far as they are useful to earth scientists. It explains the most important models and recent experimental results without losing the reader in the primary literature of materials science. In turn the book deals with the essential solid-state physics; thermodynamics and hydrostatics of creep; creep models and their applications in the geological sciences; diffusion creep; superplastic deformation and deformation enhanced by phase transformations. Five concluding chapters give experimental results for metals, ceramics and minerals. There are extensive bibliographies to aid further study.

Martensitic Transformation examines martensitic transformation based on the known crystallographical data. Topics covered range from the crystallography of martensite to the transformation temperature and rate of martensite formation. The conditions for martensite formation and stabilization of austenite are also discussed, along with the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformations. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with an introduction to martensite and martensitic transformation, with emphasis on the basic properties of martensite in steels such as carbon steels. The next two chapters deal with the crystallography of martensite and discuss the martensitic transformation behavior of the second-order transition; lattice imperfections in martensite; and close-packed layer structures of martensites produced from ? phase in noble-metal-base alloys. Thermodynamical problems and kinetics are also analysed, together with conditions for the nucleation of martensite and problems concerning stabilization of austenite. The last chapter discusses the theory of the mechanism underlying martensitic transformation. This monograph will be of interest to metallurgists and materials scientists.

The book presents a collection of 25 original papers (including one review paper) on state-of-the art achievements in the theory and practice of crystals plasticity. The articles cover a wide scope of research on materials behavior subjected to external loadings, starting from atomic-scale simulations, and a new methodological aspect, to experiments on a structure and mechanical response upon a large-scale processing. Thus, a presented contribution of researchers from 18 different countries can be virtually divided into three groups, namely (i) “modelling and simulation”; (ii) “methodological aspects”; and (iii) “experiments on process/structure/properties relationship”. Furthermore, a large variety of materials are investigated including more conventional (steels, copper, titanium, nickel, aluminum, and magnesium alloys) and advanced ones (composites or high entropy alloys). The book should be interested for senior students, researchers and engineers working within discipline of materials science and solid state physics of crystalline materials.

Gradient-Enhanced Continuum Plasticity provides an expansive review of gradient-enhanced continuum plasticity from the initial stage to current research trends in experimental, theoretical, computational and numerical investigations. Starting with an overview of continuum mechanics and classical plasticity, the book then delves into concise lessons covering basic principles and applications, such as outlining the use of the finite element method to solve problems with size effects, mesh sensitivity and high velocity impact loading. All major theories are explored, providing readers with a guide to understanding the various concepts of and differences between an array of gradient-enhanced continuum plasticity models. - Outlines the concepts of, and differences between, various gradient-enhanced continuum plasticity models - Provides guidance on problem-solving for size effects, mesh-sensitivity tests and thermo-mechanical coupling - Reviews experimental, numerical and theoretical issues in gradient-enhanced continuum plasticity - Describes micromechanical aspects from experimental observations