Concepts of Fluid Flow 1 (52) Introduction 1 (1) Definitions 2 (13) Governing Equations 15 (13) Theoretical Concepts 28 (11) Similarity and Physical Models 39 (2) Quantifying Uncertainty 41 (4) Bibliography 45 (1) Problems 46 (7) Energy Principle 53 (40) Definition of Specific Energy 53 (4) Subcritical, Critical and Supercritical Flow 57 (10) Accessibility and Controls 67 (8) Application of the Energy Principle to Practice 75 (12) Bibliography 87 (1) Problems 88 (5) The Momentum Principle 93 (50) Definition of Specific Momentum 93 (3) The Hydraulic Jump 96 (31) Hydraulic Jumps at Density Interfaces 127 (4) Application of the Momentum Principle to Practice 131 (5) Bibliography 136 (2) Problems 138 (5) Development of Uniform Flow Concepts 143 (78) Establishment of Uniform Flow 143 (1) The Chezy and Manning Equations 144 (3) Resistance Coefficient Estimation 147 (71) Bibliography 218 (3) Computation of Uniform Flow 221 (40) Calculation of Normal Depth and Velocity 221 (5) Normal and Critical Slopes 226 (5) Channels of Composite Roughness 231 (8) Application of Uniform Flow Concepts to Practice 239 (14) Bibliography 253 (2) Problems 255 (6) Theory and Analysis of Gradually and Spatially Varied Flow 261 (78) Basic Assumptions and the Equation of Gradually Varied Flow 261 (1) Characteristics and Classification of Gradually Varied Flow Profiles 262 (5) Computation of Gradually Varied Flow 267 (37) Spatially Varied Flow 304 (14) Application to Practice 318 (16) Bibliography 334 (1) Problems 335 (4) Design of Channels 339 (92) Introduction 339 (6) Desing of Lined Channels 345 (12) Design of Stable, Unlined, Earthen Channels: a General Tractive Force Design Methodology 357 (53) Design of Channels Lined with Grass 410 (15) Bibliography 425 (3) Problems 428 (3) Turbulent Diffusion and Dispersion in Open Channel Flow 431 (62) Introduction 431 (1) Governing Equations 432 (11) Vertical and Transverse Turbulent Diffusion and Longitudinal Dispersion 443 (34) Numerical Dispersion 477 (3) Vertical, Turbulent Diffusion in a Continuously Stratified Environment 480 (5) Bibliography 485 (3) Problems 488 (5) Unsteady Flow: Hydrologic and Hydraulic Approaches 493 (56) Introduction 493 (6) Hydrologic Approaches 499 (14) Hydraulic Approaches 513 (24) Boundary and Initial Conditions 537 (1) Calibration and Verification 538 (3) Bibliography 541 (1) Problems 542 (7) Hydraulic Models 549 (46) Introduction 549 (6) Fixed-Bed River or Channel Models 555 (8) Movable-Bed Models 563 (16) Model Materials and Construction 579 (5) Physical Model Calibration and Verification 584 (2) Special-Purpose Models 586 (4) Bibliography 590 (2) Problems 592 (3) Appendix 1 595 (18) Appendix 2 613 (12) Subject Index 625 (10) Author Index 635.

This manual provides the procedures and data necessary to calculate discharges over and through hydraulic structures. Contents: Introduction; Discharge measurement structures; Discharge relationships and component head losses for hydraulic structures; Headlosses in closed conduit systems flowing full; Analysis of flow conditions and hydraulic design for river diversion in closed conduits; Flow through and over rockfill structures