Das Konzept der Schutzverantwortung (Responsibility to Protect) hat nach seiner ersten fundierten Aufbearbeitung im Bericht der International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) im Jahr 2001 und der Aufnahme in das Abschlussdokument des UN-Weltgipfels 2005 weltweit einen Siegeszug angetreten. Das Denken und Argumentieren in Völkerrechtswissenschaft und –praxis ist mittlerweile nachhaltig davon geprägt. Dennoch bleiben viele Fragen in diesem Zusammenhang offen. In diesem Band diskutieren Experten des Internationalen Rechts Grundsatzaspekte der Schutzverantwortung. Diese wird in ihrer historischen Dimension analysiert, es wird geprüft, wie sich dieses Konzept in das allgemeine System des Völkerrechts fügt und es wird analysiert, welche Entwicklungsperspektiven sich für diesen Ansatz abzeichnen. The concept of R2P has found broad approval in international law doctrine as well as in practice after it was first introduced by the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) in 2001, and after its affirmation by the UN World Summit in 2005. It is fair to say that international law has been profoundly influenced by this new approach. Nonetheless, many questions in this regard are still open. In this volume international lawyers discuss a series of fundamental aspects of R2P: the historical dimension, the relationship between R2P and general international law and the dynamics surrounding this concept. In particular it is examined in which direction this concept is expected to evolve. Contributors include: Alex Bellamy, Enzo Cannizzaro, Martina Caroni, Thomas Cottier, Fernand de Varennes, Oliver Diggelmann, Andrea Gattini, Hans-Joachim Heintze, Peter Hilpold, Karolina Januszewski, Nadakavukaren Scheffer, Stefanie Schmahl, Peter-Tobias Stoll, and Lotta Viikari.

This edited volume critically examines the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) as a guiding norm in international politics. After NATO’s intervention in Libya, against the backdrop of civil wars in Syria and Yemen, and because of the cynical support for R2P by states such as Saudi Arabia, this norm is the subject of heavy criticism. It seems that the R2P is just political rhetoric, an instrument exploited by the powerful states. Hence, the R2P is being challenged. At the same time, however, institutional settings, normative discourses and contestation practices are making it more robust. New understandings of responsibility and the politics of protection are creating new normative spaces, patterns of legitimacy, and norm entrepreneurs, thereby reinforcing the R2P. This book’s goals are to discuss the R2P’s roots, institutional framework, and evolution; to reveal its shortcomings and pitfalls; and to explore how it is exploited by certain states. Further, it elaborates on the R2P’s strength as a norm. Accordingly, the contributions presented here discuss various ways in which the R2P is being challenged or confirmed, or both at once. As the authors demonstrate, these developments concern not only diplomatic communication and political practices within international institutions, but also to normative discourses. Furthermore, the book includes chapters that reevaluate the R2P from a normative standpoint, e.g. by proposing cosmopolitan standards as a guide for states’ external behavior. Other contributors reassess the historical evidence from U.N. negotiations on the R2P principle, and the productive or restrictive role of institutions. Discussing new issues relating to the R2P such as global and regional power shifts or foreign policy, as well as the phenomenon of authoritarian interventionism under the R2P umbrella, this book will appeal to all IR scholars and students interested in humanitarianism, norms, and power. By analyzing the status quo of the R2P, it enriches and broadens the debate on what the R2P currently is, and what it ought to be.

After having been introduced by the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) in 2001 and after its affirmation by the UN World Summit in 2005 the concept of R2P has found broad approval both by international law doctrine and practice. It is fair to say that international law thinking has been profoundly influenced by this new approach. Nonetheless, many questions in this regard are still open. In this volume international lawyers discuss a series of fundamental aspect of R2P: the historical dimension, the relationship between R2P and general international law and the dynamics surrounding this concept. In particular it will be examined in which direction this concept will probably evolve. Contributors are: Alex Bellamy, Enzo Cannizzaro, Martina Caroni, Thomas Cottier, Hans-Georg Dederer, Fernand de Varennes, Oliver Diggelmann, Caro Focarelli, Andrea Gattini, Hans-Joachim Heintze, Peter Hilpold, Karolina Januszewski, Stefan Kadelbach, Federico Lenzerini, Manfred Nowak, Karin Oellers-Frahm, Nadakavukren Scheffer, Peter-Tobias Stoll, and Lotta Viikari

"This book explains the fundamental contradiction in China's foreign policy: contrary to its claims, China does not consistently uphold the principle of state control in its international affairs. This inconsistency is shaping China's impact on the international order. This anthropological study of the foreign policymaking of the opaque Chinese party-state examines three case comparisons: the Responsibility to Protect, Hong Kong and the World Trade Organization. Based on in-depth interviews with party-state officials and an analysis of official documents, the book reveals the internal discussions, diverse set of interests, and dynamics and processes of a party-state in a state of constant transformation. The book demonstrates how competing sources of the Chinese Communist Party's domestic legitimacy combine with the complex and dynamic structure of the Chinese party-state, resulting in contradictory foreign policies. It demonstrates how both legitimization and the party-state structure constitute vulnerabilities of the party-state. Even though China struggles with these domestic vulnerabilities, this does not prevent it from projecting its power internationally or shaping the global order. The book argues that two sets of domestic vulnerabilities explain China's contradictory foreign policy and undermine its ability to project and promote a "China Model" as an alternative to the existing international order. China's contradictory foreign policy is likely to lead to a more particularistic, plural and fragmented international order"--

Responsibility to Protect: Research, bibliography, background. Supplementary volume to the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty

Bewaffnete Eingriffe in innerstaatliche Konflikte sind in den letzten Jahren immer wieder als Ultima Ratio genannt worden, um der internationalen Schutzverantwortung oder dem Recht auf Selbstverteidigung nachzukommen. Sie stehen jedenfalls im Spannungsfeld zwischen dem prinzipiellen Gewaltverbot und aktuellen Realitäten, die ihren Ausdruck im Konzept der Responsibility to Protect (R2P) finden. AutorInnen aus unterschiedlichen wissenschaftlichen Richtungen und Ländern setzen sich mit diesen und anderen Fragen auseinander und versuchen die Thematik aus mehreren Perspektiven und Blickwinkeln zu diskutieren.

This book offers a comprehensive study into the use of force and the maintenance of peace in international relations. Whilst rooted in public international law, it also approaches the question from different angles, including its historical evolution and its sociological environment. The competences and practice of the UN and of regional organizations in the maintenance of peace are examined before the focus is shifted to the inter-State level, the main non-use of force rule and its claimed or recognized exceptions. Robert Kolb analyzes each of these rules separately, before concluding with insightful reflections on the current state-of-play and considerations for the future of this branch of the law.

The interaction between climate change and trade has grown in prominence in recent years. This Research Handbook contains authoritative original contributions from leading experts working at the interface between trade and climate change. It maps the state of affairs in such diverse areas as: carbon credits and taxes, sustainable standard-setting and trade in ‘green’ goods and services or investment, from both a regional and global perspective. Panagiotis Delimatsis redefines the interrelationship of trade and climate change for future scholarship in this area.

'The Responsibility to Protect' provides a comprehensive view on how this contemporary principle has developed and analyzes how to best apply it to current humanitarian crises.