This work takes a close look at a broad range of 20th-century examples of design, architecture and illustration, revealing underlying geometric structures in their compositions.

Design Studies: A Reader is the ideal entry point for any student who wants to understand the many complex roles of design - as process, product, function, symbol, and use. Reflecting the diverse range of perspectives on design, the reader brings together over seventy key texts. The essays are presented in themed sections covering history, methods, theory, visuality, identity, consumption, labor, industrialization, new technology, sustainability, and globalization. Each section is separately introduced and each concludes with a guide to further reading. In addition, a final section of specially commissioned essays analyzes ten seminal designs of the twentieth century, from Helvetica to the cell phone. Bringing together the best classic and contemporary writing, Design Studies: A Reader will be invaluable to all students of Design as well as to students of Architecture, Art, Material Culture, and Sociology. Authors include: Theodor Adorno, Arjun Appadurai, Reyner Banham, Jean Baudrillard, Zygmunt Bauman, Pierre Bourdieu, Cheryl Buckley, Michel de Certeau, Margaret Crawford, Arthur C Danto, Adrian Forty, Michel Foucault, Buckminster Fuller, Paul du Gay, Erving Goffman, Donna Haraway, Dick Hebdige, John Chris Jones, Guy Julier, Naomi Klein, Ezio Manzini, Victor Margolin, Karl Marx, Daniel Miller, Victor Papanek, Nikolaus Pevsner, John Styles, and John Walker.

In an age of globalization and connectivity, the idea of "mainstream culture" has become quaint. Websites, magazines, books, and television have all honed in on ever-diversifying subcultures, hoping to carve out niche audiences that grow savvier and more narrowly sliced by the day. Consequently,the discipline of graphic design has undergone a sea change. Where visual communication was once informed by a designer's creative intuition, the proliferation of specialized audiences now calls for more research-based design processes. Designers who ignore research run the risk of becoming mere tools for communication rather than bold voices. Design Studies, a collection of 27 essays from an international cast of top design researchers, sets out to mend this schism between research and practice. The texts presented here make a strong argument for performing rigorous experimentation and analysis. Each author outlines methods in which research has aided their designwhether by investigating how senior citizensreact to design aesthetics, how hip hop culture can influence design, or how design for Third World nations is affected by cultural differences. Contributors also outline inspired ways in which design educators can teach research methods to their students. Finally, Design Studies is rounded out by five annotated bibliographies to further aid designers in their research. This comprehensive reader is the definitive reference for this new direction in graphic design, and an essential resource for both students and practitioners.

Integrating physical modeling, mathematical analysis, and computer simulation, Instrumentation Design Studies explores a wide variety of specific and practical instrumentation design situations. The author uses MATLAB and SIMULINK for dynamic system simulation, Minitab for statistical applications, and Mathcad for general engineering computations.

The same careful rigour imposed on the design of phase III randomised controlled trials is not always applied to medical research in other areas such as trials conducted at earlier stages of drug development. With the emphasis that is now placed on evidence-based medicine, such care and rigour will inevitably impact on these areas with increasing attention turned to the quality of design. This title describes what principles can be used to structure research effectively allowing for the required degree of accuracy. Written by two best selling authors, this book includes many examples from medical literature and will be of great value to all groups conducting studies at the interface of clinical and laboratory research.

As well as being a reference for the design, analysis, and interpretation of vaccine studies, the text covers all design and analysis stages, from vaccine development to post-licensure surveillance, presenting likelihood, frequentists, and Bayesian approaches.

"...there is a global network of academics, researchers and methodologists who will buy this book or want it in their institute libraries.” Prof. John Harbraken "As the field of human computer interaction grows, this book is likely to be a basic resource.” Prof. Chuck Eastman Design representation is necessary for all design activity. You will gain a guide to both theory and practical application in this discussion of representation as it occurs during the process of design. Goldschmidt and Porter give you perspectives on representational issues in design that are both informative and evocative of further inquiry. The unique interdisciplinary approach brings a new dimension to the study of representation, benefiting the global network of researchers, students and practitioners in all areas of design. Rather than addressing the larger framework directly, a series of smaller case studies are presented, each dealing with aspects of representation in architecture and engineering. Binding together historical-cultural, cognitive-social and technological perspectives eliminates the need for further reading. Innovative research methods based on numerous well-illustrated examples will leave you with new ideas to build on. International contributors focus on worldwide research activities, offering you more than just an expansion of a single viewpoint. Design Representation delves into the common roots of representation in all design disciplines through case studies, historical investigations, theoretical constructs and programming. If you are involved in any design activity, this will be a truly exciting addition to your bookshelf.

Discovering Design reflects the growing recognition that the design of the everyday world deserves attention not only as a professional practice but as a subject of social, cultural, and philosophic investigation. Victor Margolin, cofounder and an editor of the journal Design Issues, and Richard Buchanan, also an editor of the journal, bring together eleven essays by scholars in fields ranging from psychology, sociology, and political theory to technology studies, rhetoric, and philosophy. The essayists share the editors' concern, first made clear in Margolin's Design Discourse: History, Theory, Criticism, with the the development of design studies as a field of interdisciplinary research. The contributors (Gianfranco Zaccai, Albert Borgmann, Richard Buchanan, Augusto Morello, Tufan Orel, Nigel Cross, Victor Margolin, Langdon Winner, Carl Mitcham, Tony Fry, and Ezio Manzini) focus on three broad themes that form a sequence of fundamental issues: how to shape design as a subject matter, how to distinguish the activity of designing in the complex world of action, and how to address the basic questions of value and responsibility that persistently arise in the discussion and practice of design. The editors' introduction provides a useful overview of these questions and offers a multidisciplinary framework for design studies. The essays discuss such topics as the relation of aesthetics to technology, the place of design in social action, the role of the consumer in design decisions, and the need for ethical practice in contemporary design. Manzini's concluding essay shows how the issue of ethics should connect responsible behavior to decisions made every day in the manufacture of objects.

An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is both an introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. Design of Observational Studies is divided into four parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely, in about one hundred pages, many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies (also published by Springer) but in a less technical fashion. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates. Part II includes a chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies, "make your theories elaborate." The second edition of his book, Observational Studies, was published by Springer in 2002.

Architecture/Interior Design An in-depth look at the most innovative aged care facilities today With the world's population aging at a rapid pace, there is a growing need for new ways to provide residential care for older people. Design for Aging explores some of the most successful examples of elderly housing today, focusing on integrating architectural considerations within an unwavering people-driven approach. Written by an international team of experts in aged care design, the book brings together twenty-six case studies from around the world, including Australia, Denmark, England, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. The authors describe how each scheme has succeeded in addressing the needs of its residents regardless of wide variations in design, geography, cultural factors, medical needs, capital cost, and other factors. Clear, well-documented information for each facility includes: Building descriptions and project data, and how the overall design fits within a geographical location The type of community, including number of residents, ethnicity, and specific conditions such as dementia How to apply universal design principles in different political, social, and regulatory contexts How to create a sense of belonging and well-being for residents while building strong connections with the community at large What makes a facility able to attract and retain high-quality caregivers Environmental sustainability issues, plus indoor and outdoor spaces Architects and interior designers as well as facility owners and caregivers will find Design for Aging an inspiring and practical guide on how to navigate the many factors involved in creating good designs for aged care environments.