Six volumes bound under one cover make this the most comprehensive book ever written on alcohol fuel production, use, policy, history, ecology, politics and economic perspectives. Thoroughly addresses both past and present controversies, myths and misconceptions that permeate the public debate. It contains the most exhaustive treatment of potential energy crops to be found anywhere. Crops for all climates and soil types are detailed including cellulosic materials. Unique feedstocks that can have global impact like ocean kelp, cattails used for treating sewage, and creative waste products are covered. Design and construction of alcohol plants from 2 gallons per hour to 50 gallons per hour including detailed distillery design data is described in laymen?s terms for easy construction. Case histories of actual plants are covered in interviews of operations built by the author?s students.The book compares qualities of alcohol versus gasoline and diesel. In exceptional detail, conversion of gasoline, diesel, aircraft, motorcycle, two stroke, and utility engines are described. Using alcohol to produce electricity and hot water as well as cooking and cooling are also addressed. Business models for micro and small plants are laid out enabling the reader to design their own business.The author?s original concept of Community Supported Energy projects in which communities establish driver owned alcohol stations and then contract with farmers to supply the station are outlined clearly so activists can organize them. Profusely illustrated with 514 charts, photos and drawings. The book is thoroughly documented with 473 endnotes and a 6300 entry index.

Six volumes bound under one cover make this the most comprehensive book ever written on alcohol fuel production, use, policy, history, ecology, politics and economic perspectives. Thoroughly addresses both past and present controversies, myths and misconceptions that permeate the public debate. It contains the most exhaustive treatment of potential energy crops to be found anywhere. Crops for all climates and soil types are detailed including cellulosic materials. Unique feedstocks that can have global impact like ocean kelp, cattails used for treating sewage, and creative waste products are covered. Design and construction of alcohol plants from 2 gallons per hour to 50 gallons per hour including detailed distillery design data is described in laymen?s terms for easy construction. Case histories of actual plants are covered in interviews of operations built by the author?s students.The book compares qualities of alcohol versus gasoline and diesel. In exceptional detail, conversion of gasoline, diesel, aircraft, motorcycle, two stroke, and utility engines are described. Using alcohol to produce electricity and hot water as well as cooking and cooling are also addressed. Business models for micro and small plants are laid out enabling the reader to design their own business.The author?s original concept of Community Supported Energy projects in which communities establish driver owned alcohol stations and then contract with farmers to supply the station are outlined clearly so activists can organize them. Profusely illustrated with 514 charts, photos and drawings. Reinforced Smyth Sewn, documented with 473 endnotes and a 6300 entry index.

If your interest is in distilling alcohol then this book is for you. It will show you how to build a six gallon electric alcohol still, and use it to turn corn, sugar, or almost anything you can ferment into high proof alcohol. The still heats the wash with a water jacket in which is immersed a 120 volt water heater element. Temperature is controlled with a thermostat. Eventually vapors boil through the rectifying column to the condenser. If you carefully maintain the precese temperature you will get almost pure alcohol.

Dwindling petroleum supplies and growing environmental concerns are significantly impacting the cost of petro-fuel and its infrastructure. The search for alternative fuel sources has led to ethanol, a gasoline substitute that is already in the marketplace as Gasohol and E-85. But large-scale production of corn-based ethanol is controversial as it threatens the world’s food supply. There are alternatives, however: Brazil uses sugar cane, which is up to six times more productive in energy conversion. After the energy crisis of the 1970s, there was a lot of misinformation about the cost of individual ethanol production. In order to achieve energy independence from gasoline, ethanol lends itself to small-scale production, and especially to cooperative ventures in rural communities, often using “waste” feedstock. Alcohol Fuel is a practical, grassroots book that will give readers all the information they need, covering every aspect of making and using ethanol for fuel, including: *Permitting and planning *Budgeting and setup *Sourcing feedstocks *Finding and building distillation equipment *Storage and safety *Practical applications for converting motor vehicles, farm equipment, and space-heating systems The practical, user-friendly information on basic equipment needs, fermentation recipes, and distillation designs will be of interest to readers looking for information, as well as to those ready to make the switch. Richard Freudenberger was research director of Mother Earth News, where he managed the Alcohol Fuel Program and developed solar and renewable solar and energy projects. He is publisher and technical editor of BackHome magazine and lives in Hendersonville, North Carolina.

Schoolwide Physical Activity: A Comprehensive Guide to Designing and Conducting Programs offers K-12 teachers and administrators the tools to plan and administer programs that go beyond PE class. These activities are integrated in the classroom, on playgrounds, in before- and after-school programs, in intramural programs, and in community programs.

Russia is famous for its vodka, and its culture of extreme intoxication. But just as vodka is central to the lives of many Russians, it is also central to understanding Russian history and politics. In Vodka Politics, Mark Lawrence Schrad argues that debilitating societal alcoholism is not hard-wired into Russians' genetic code, but rather their autocratic political system, which has long wielded vodka as a tool of statecraft. Through a series of historical investigations stretching from Ivan the Terrible through Vladimir Putin, Vodka Politics presents the secret history of the Russian state itself-a history that is drenched in liquor. Scrutinizing (rather than dismissing) the role of alcohol in Russian politics yields a more nuanced understanding of Russian history itself: from palace intrigues under the tsars to the drunken antics of Soviet and post-Soviet leadership, vodka is there in abundance. Beyond vivid anecdotes, Schrad scours original documents and archival evidence to answer provocative historical questions. How have Russia's rulers used alcohol to solidify their autocratic rule? What role did alcohol play in tsarist coups? Was Nicholas II's ill-fated prohibition a catalyst for the Bolshevik Revolution? Could the Soviet Union have become a world power without liquor? How did vodka politics contribute to the collapse of both communism and public health in the 1990s? How can the Kremlin overcome vodka's hurdles to produce greater social well-being, prosperity, and democracy into the future? Viewing Russian history through the bottom of the vodka bottle helps us to understand why the "liquor question" remains important to Russian high politics even today-almost a century after the issue had been put to bed in most every other modern state. Indeed, recognizing and confronting vodka's devastating political legacies may be the greatest political challenge for this generation of Russia's leadership, as well as the next.

This new edition of Norbert Tietz's classic handbook presents information on common tests as well as rare and highly specialized tests and procedures - including a summary of the utility and merit of each test. Biological variables that may affect test results are discussed, and a focus is placed on reference ranges, diagnostic information, clinical interpretation of laboratory data, interferences, and specimen types. New and updated content has been added in all areas, with over 100 new tests added. - Tests are divided into 8 main sections and arranged alphabetically. - Each test includes necessary information such as test name (or disorder) and method, specimens and special requirements, reference ranges, chemical interferences and in vivo effects, kinetic values, diagnostic information, factors influencing drug disposition, and clinical comments and remarks. - The most current and relevant tests are included; outdated tests have been eliminated. - Test index (with extensive cross references) and disease index provide the reader with an easy way to find necessary information - Four new sections in key areas (Preanalytical, Flow Cytometry, Pharmacogenomics, and Allergy) make this edition current and useful. - New editor Alan Wu, who specializes in Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology, brings a wealth of experience and expertise to this edition. - The Molecular Diagnostics section has been greatly expanded due to the increased prevalence of new molecular techniques being used in laboratories. - References are now found after each test, rather than at the end of each section, for easier access.

"Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure, or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process.This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines"--Provided by publisher.

Provides a new approach to psychological hedonism and applies it to the growing global epidemic of unhealthy behavior.