Data Structures, Computer Graphics, and Pattern Recognition focuses on the computer graphics and pattern recognition applications of data structures methodology. This book presents design related principles and research aspects of the computer graphics, system design, data management, and pattern recognition tasks. The topics include the data structure design, concise structuring of geometric data for computer aided design, and data structures for pattern recognition algorithms. The survey of data structures for computer graphics systems, application of relational data structures in computer graphics, and observations on linguistics for scene analysis are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the design of satellite graphics systems, interactive image segmentation, surface representation for computer aided design, and error-correcting parsing for syntactic pattern recognition. This publication is valuable to practitioners in data structures, particularly those who are applying real computer systems to problems involving image, speech, and medical data.

Publisher Description

The technological developments of the last ten years have made com puter graphics and image processing by computer popular. Pictorial pat tern recognition has also shown significant progress. Clearly, there exist overlapping interests among the three areas of research. Graphic displays are of concern to anyone involved in image processing or pic torial pattern recognition and many problems in graphics require methodologies from image processing for their solutions. The data structures used in all three areas are similar. It seems that there is a common body of knowledge underlying all three areas, pictorial informa tion processing by computer. The novelty of these fields makes it difficult to design a course or to a write a book covering their basic concepts. Some of the treatises on graphics focus on the hardware and methods of current interest while treatises on image processing often emphasize applications and classical signal processing. The fast evolution of technology causes such material to lose its relevance. For example, the development of optical fibers has reduced the importance of bandwidth compression.

Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence contains the proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence held in Hyannis, Massachusetts, on June 1-3, 1976. The papers explore developments in pattern recognition and artificial intelligence and cover topics ranging from scene analysis and data structure to syntactic methods, biomedicine, speech recognition, game-playing programs, and computer graphics. Grammar inference methods, image segmentation and interpretation, and relational databases are also discussed. This book is comprised of 29 chapters and begins with a description of a data structure that can learn simple programs from training samples. The reader is then introduced to the syntactic parts of pattern recognition systems; methods for multidimensional grammatical inference; a scene analysis system capable of finding structure in outdoor scenes; and a language called DEDUCE for relational databases. A sculptor's studio-like environment, in which the ""sculptor"" can create complex three-dimensional objects in the computer similar to molding a piece of clay in the machine, is also described. The remaining chapters focus on statistical and structural feature extraction; use of maximum likelihood functions for recognition of highly variable line drawings; region extraction using boundary following; and interactive screening of reconnaissance imagery. This monograph will be of interest to engineers, graduate students, and researchers in the fields of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence.

This book contains the manuscripts of the papers delivered at the International Sym posium on Synergetics held at SchloB Elmau, Bavaria, Germany, from April 30 until May 5, 1979. This conference followed several previous ones (Elmau 1972, Sicily 1974, Elmau 1977). This time the subject of the symposium was "pattern formation by dynam ic systems and pattern recognition". The meeting brought together scientists from such diverse fields as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history as well as experts in the fields of pattern recognition and associative memory. When I started this type of conference in 1972 it appeared to be a daring enter prise. Indeed, we began to explore virgin land of science: the systematic study of cooperative effects in physical systems far from equi~ibrium and in other disciplines. Though these meetings were attended by scientists from quite different disciplines, a basic concept and even a common language were found from the very beginning. The idea that there exist profound analogies in the behaviour of large classes of complex systems, though the systems themselves may be quite different, proved to be most fruitful. I was delighted to see that over the past one or two years quite similar conferences were now held in various places allover the world. The inclusion of prob lems of pattern recognition at the present meeting is a novel feature, however.

This monograph is intended to cover several major applications of pattern recognition. After a brief introduction to pattern recognition in Chapter 1, the two major approaches, statistical approach and syntactic approach, are reviewed in Chapter 2, and 3, respectively. Other topics include the application of pattern recognition to seismic wave interpretation, to system reliability problems, to medical data analysis, as well as character and speech recognition.

The many different mathematical techniques used to solve pattem recognition problems may be grouped into two general approaches: the decision-theoretic (or discriminant) approach and the syntactic (or structural) approach. In the decision-theoretic approach, aset of characteristic measurements, called features, are extracted from the pattems. Each pattem is represented by a feature vector, and the recognition of each pattem is usually made by partitioning the feature space. Applications of decision-theoretic approach indude character recognition, medical diagnosis, remote sensing, reliability and socio-economics. A relatively new approach is the syntactic approach. In the syntactic approach, ea ch pattem is expressed in terms of a composition of its components. The recognition of a pattem is usually made by analyzing the pattem structure according to a given set of rules. Earlier applications of the syntactic approach indude chromosome dassification, English character recognition and identification of bubble and spark chamber events. The purpose of this monograph is to provide a summary of the major reeent applications of syntactic pattem recognition. After a brief introduction of syntactic pattem recognition in Chapter 1, the nin e mai n chapters (Chapters 2-10) can be divided into three parts. The first three chapters concem with the analysis of waveforms using syntactic methods. Specific application examples indude peak detection and interpretation of electro cardiograms and the recognition of speech pattems. The next five chapters deal with the syntactic recognition of two-dimensional pictorial pattems.

Although there are many advanced and specialized texts and handbooks on algorithms, until now there was no book that focused exclusively on the wide variety of data structures that have been reported in the literature. The Handbook of Data Structures and Applications responds to the needs of students, professionals, and researchers who need a mainstream reference on data structures by providing a comprehensive survey of data structures of various types. Divided into seven parts, the text begins with a review of introductory material, followed by a discussion of well-known classes of data structures, Priority Queues, Dictionary Structures, and Multidimensional structures. The editors next analyze miscellaneous data structures, which are well-known structures that elude easy classification. The book then addresses mechanisms and tools that were developed to facilitate the use of data structures in real programs. It concludes with an examination of the applications of data structures. The Handbook is invaluable in suggesting new ideas for research in data structures, and for revealing application contexts in which they can be deployed. Practitioners devising algorithms will gain insight into organizing data, allowing them to solve algorithmic problems more efficiently.

Describing non-parametric and parametric theoretic classification and the training of discriminant functions, this second edition includes new and expanded sections on neural networks, Fisher's discriminant, wavelet transform, and the method of principal components. It contains discussions on dimensionality reduction and feature selection; novel computer system architectures; proven algorithms for solutions to common roadblocks in data processing; computing models including the Hamming net, the Kohonen self-organizing map, and the Hopfield net; detailed appendices with data sets illustrating key concepts in the text; and more.