Ownership of cryptocurrencies and related assets has given rise to self-described "coin-communities." Discussing the notions around social dynamics, this collection explores how crowd and community formations manifest empirically in cryptocurrency sociality online. It suggests that tensions between cryptocurrency adopters generate political, moral, and cosmological realities, which intensify crowding dynamics online. Pioneering in its approach to the increasing digitalization and datafication of everyday life, the volume encourages scholars to explore further how "decentralized" and "trustless" technologies take part in the construction of postmodern crowds.

Exploring blockchain and bitcoin, Magnuson shows how the technology rife with crime and speculation also offers innovation and hope.

The blockchain revolution has drastically impacted global economics and the strategic practices within different industries. Cryptocurrency specifically has forever changed the face of business and the implementation of business online. While innovative, people are still in the early stages of building and developing blockchain technology and its applications, and it is critical that researchers and practitioners obtain a better understanding of this global phenomenon. Architectures and Frameworks for Developing and Applying Blockchain Technology is an essential reference source that presents the technological foundation, recent research findings, developments, and critical issues associated with blockchain technology from both computer science and social science perspectives. Featuring topics such as artificial intelligence, digital economy, and network technology, this book is ideally designed for academics, researchers, industry leaders, IT consultants, engineers, programmers, practitioners, government officials, policymakers, and students.

Crowd computing, crowdsourcing, crowd-associated network (CrAN), crowd-assisted sensing are some examples of crowd-based concepts that harness the power of people on the web or connected via web-like infrastructure to do tasks that are often difficult for individual users or computers to do alone. This creates many challenging issues like assessing reliability and correctness of crowd generated information, delivery of data and information via crowd, middleware for supporting crowdsourcing and crowd computing tasks, crowd associated networking and its security, Quality of Information (QoI) issues, etc. This book compiles the latest advances in the relevant fields.

In A Critical Appraisal of Initial Coin Offerings: Lifting the “Digital Token’s Veil”, Dominika Nestarcova examines the regulatory treatment of initial coin offerings (‘ICOs’), a novel form of raising capital, where start-up companies issue blockchain-based assets (‘digital tokens’) to the public in return for a payment. The ICO model promises to utilize blockchain technology to enforce financial contracting via the underlying code, thereby substituting the traditional securities regulation. Dominika Nestarcova provides an in-depth analysis of this promise by examining the nature of digital tokens, the process, underlying benefits and risks to the model and the current state of the ICO regulation with an aim to uncover how the self-regulatory promise offered by ICOs lives up the expectations.

This open access book contributes to the creation of a cyber ecosystem supported by blockchain technology in which technology and people can coexist in harmony. Blockchains have shown that trusted records, or ledgers, of permanent data can be stored on the Internet in a decentralized manner. The decentralization of the recording process is expected to significantly economize the cost of transactions. Creating a ledger on data, a blockchain makes it possible to designate the owner of each piece of data, to trade data pieces, and to market them. This book examines the formation of markets for various types of data from the theory of market quality proposed and developed by M. Yano. Blockchains are expected to give data itself the status of a new production factor. Bringing ownership of data to the hands of data producers, blockchains can reduce the possibility of information leakage, enhance the sharing and use of IoT data, and prevent data monopoly and misuse. The industry will have a bright future as soon as better technology is developed and when a healthy infrastructure is created to support the blockchain market.

Crypto currency integrated BlockChain under Virtual Scalable Enterprises is a widely debated and earnestly discussed topic in the technology arena. Executives at the largest institutions are calling crypto currency fraudulent while high-level institutional banking professionals are leaving their positions to jump into crypto technology, regulation and investment opportunities as industries advance towards adoption. The narratives on these topics are diametrically opposite and polarizing on both side of the debate. While this debate has many layers from a government regulatory side to social impact to the practicality of everyday use of crypto currencies in developing markets, it is safe to assume that crypto currencies or utility tokens are more than a global phenomenon and are now becoming a working framework for optional modes of business. This book demystifies what crypto currency is, how it is used, and what it means to the consumer, investor, and the future of our global currency marketplace. By providing the historical backdrop to the market, authors Sarah Swammy, Richard Thompson, and Marvin Loh provide a clear definition of what crypto-currencies actually are, how they are being used and by whom, and the unique reasons why they have gone from back street to Main Street almost overnight. The book will also delve into the government’s role in regulating this commerce medium. Lastly, the authors will look at the current global monetary policy and discuss if this type of currency phenomena was a direct result while also examining the potential risk and rewards for investors and the economy.

Security is a rapidly growing area of computer science, with direct and increasing relevance to real life applications such as Internet transactions, electronic commerce, information protection, network and systems integrity, etc. This volume presents thoroughly revised versions of lectures given by leading security researchers during the IFIP WG 1.7 International School on Foundations of Security Analysis and Design, FOSAD 2000, held in Bertinoro, Italy in September. Mathematical Models of Computer Security (Peter Y.A. Ryan); The Logic of Authentication Protocols (Paul Syversen and Iliano Cervesato); Access Control: Policies, Models, and Mechanisms (Pierangela Samarati and Sabrina de Capitani di Vimercati); Security Goals: Packet Trajectories and Strand Spaces (Joshua D. Guttman); Notes on Nominal Calculi for Security and Mobility (Andrew D. Gordon); Classification of Security Properties (Riccardo Focardi and Roberto Gorrieri).

“A clear and crisply written account of machine intelligence, big data and the sharing economy. But McAfee and Brynjolfsson also wisely acknowledge the limitations of their futurology and avoid over-simplification.” —Financial Times In The Second Machine Age, Andrew McAfee and Erik Brynjolfsson predicted some of the far-reaching effects of digital technologies on our lives and businesses. Now they’ve written a guide to help readers make the most of our collective future. Machine | Platform | Crowd outlines the opportunities and challenges inherent in the science fiction technologies that have come to life in recent years, like self-driving cars and 3D printers, online platforms for renting outfits and scheduling workouts, or crowd-sourced medical research and financial instruments.

This one-stop reference gives you the latest expertise on everything from access control and network security, to smart cards and privacy. Representing a total blueprint to security design and operations, this book brings all modern considerations into focus. It maps out user authentication methods that feature the latest biometric techniques, followed by authorization and access controls including DAC, MAC, and ABAC and how these controls are best applied in todayOCOs relational and multilevel secure database systems."