This volume together scholars specializing in different parts of the world to give us a comparative understanding of the persistence of corruption in some societies. The reader is privileged to learn from the many global variations that are skilfully presented for further analyses. Corruption is a salient feature of human condition in any organized society. Further, where risks are low and the returns high, corruption is almost inevitable. Apart from this, traditional public behaviour comes precariously close to what in the West might amount to corrupt practices. Bureaucratic corruption should be understood in the light of a clash of morality on the one hand and legality on the other. There is a contradiction between traditional values, which are held in respect and are a part of everyday life of a people, and norms of the larger society which stand out as compelling forces. The idea of the modern division between the public and private office is alien to a traditional culture and corruption finds space when this division is not strictly observed. Seven essays in this volume cover a range of countries which include India, South Africa, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, and Indonesia. As the essays unfold themselves, the problem of corruption takes on an added dimension, that of a legacy left behind by colonialism. Please note: This title is co-published with Social Science Press, New Delhi. Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Papers presented at the National Workshop on "Corruption at the Grassroots" held at Chennai on Dec. 3, 1998.

Argues that a corrupt state maintains the façade of rule of law but will not permit any inquiry beyond that of individual deviance.

Corruption is once again high on the international policy agenda as a result of globalization, the spread of democracy, and major scandals and reform initiatives. But the concept itself has been a focus for social scientists for many years, and new findings and data take on richer meanings when viewed in the context of long-term developments and enduring conceptual debates. This compendium, a much-enriched version of a work that has been a standard reference in the field since 1970, offers concepts, cases, and fresh evidence for comparative analysis. Building on a nucleus of classic studies laying out the nature and development of the concept of corruption, the book also incorporates recent work on economic, cultural, and linguistic dimensions of the problem, as well as critical analyses of several approaches to reform. While many authors are political scientists, work by historians, economists, and sociologists are strongly represented. Two-thirds of the nearly fifty articles are based either on studies especially written or translated for this volume, or on selected journal literature published in the 1990s. The tendency to treat corruption as merely a synonym for bribery is illuminated by analyses of the diverse terminology and linguistic techniques that help distinguish corruption problems in the major languages. Recent attempts to measure corruption, and to analyze its causes and effects quantitatively are also critically examined. New contributions emphasize especially: corruption phenomena in Asia and Africa; contrasts among region and regime types; comparing U.S. state corruption incidence; European Party finance and corruption; assessments of international corruption rating project; analyses of international corruption control treaties; unintended consequences of anti-corruption efforts. Cumulatively, the book combines description richness, analytical thrust, conceptual awareness, and contextual articulation.

The 2010 mega-scams created a crisis of trust in governance and the leadership. Seeking solutions, N. Vittal analyses the record of the institutions involved and traces the roots of the growing rot to the decline of accountability in public life, the lack overall of transparency in governance, besides general greed and decline in integrity. As a prominent insider in government for over four decades, he believes that greater transparency and use of technology and ensuring there is no alternative can reform our system. The curb on use of money power in state elections and the 2010 landmark judgement in the case of P.J. Thomas’s appointment as Central Vigilance Commissioner are such steps. Through greater application of Right to Information, strengthening of watchdog bodies like the judiciary or the Central Election Commission, and choosing people of integrity and commitment to man them, besides an alert civil society and media, Vittal is optimistic of achieving a clean India.

Worldwide, governmental anti-corruption efforts have been ramping up like never before. From the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") to the U.K. Bribery Act and recent Chinese, French, Indonesian, Brazilian, and German anti-bribery legislations, the compliance world has witnessed the fight against corruption rocketing to the top of most law reform and enforcement agendas. As the fight against corruption goes global, practitioners of the compliance, regulatory, and investigative space must understandand--and more importantly navigate--these increasingly complicated and often perilous compliance waters. With that heavy reality in mind, this first-of-its-kind book draws on the real-world experience and expertise possessed by some of the world's leading anti-corruption and anti-bribery practitioners to make meeting that challenge easier. Featuring country-specific chapters and practitioner-focused "how to" modules, From Baksheesh to Bribery serves as a one-stop shop for practitioners, in-house counsel, compliance personnel, academics, and others who want--and often need--to understand the world's perspective on corruption and the fight against it.

This edited collection examines corruption in the public sector, assessing case studies from across the world to provide an international perspective on this global issue. Providing a broad overview of public sector corruption, including local and national perspectives, this volume will appeal to scholars of public policy and corruption worldwide.

The malaise of corruption has become deeply embedded in the political and social fabric of the Indian society. The increased frequency and scale of corruption have had deleterious effects on a wide range of issues. Corruption, therefore, must be viewed not just as an issue of law and order or of the criminal justice system; instead it has larger and adverse implications for development initiatives, transparency in administration, economic growth, access to justice, and human rights. This important and timely work adopts a new approach for analysing corruption—corruption as a violation of human rights. Highlighting the inherent deficiencies in the existing institutions, mechanisms, laws, and law enforcement agencies, the book strongly proposes the adoption of a multi-pronged strategy for eliminating corruption. This includes the creation of a new legislative framework, an effective institutional mechanism, a new independent and empowered commission against corruption, and greater participation of the civil society. It also compares India's experiences of combating corruption with many societies in Asia including Singapore and Hong Kong.

UPSC is considered to be the most prestigious and toughest examination in the country. In order to crack these exams one need to do heavy preparations, thorough practice and clear concepts about each and every subject. “IAS Mains General Studies Paper – 2” the most updated study material incorporated with detailed information and supported by up-to-date facts and figures. The complete coverage on each topic of the syllabus have been divided into 4 Important Units in this book. It gives the complete depiction of Governance, Constitutional, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations. This book facilitates by giving the deep coverage on all topics of the syllabus at one place with the conceptual clarity to fulfil the need and demands of the aspirants, special exam oriented structure has been given according to the UPSC syllabus, discussion of the theoretical concepts with the contemporary examples are given, Solved Papers from Solved Papers [2019-17 and 16] and UPSC Practice Papers that helps in raising up level of preparation. This book acts as a great help in achieving the success for the upcoming exam. TABLE OF CONTENTS Solved Papers 2019-17, Unit -1: Constitutional Framework, Unit -2: Indian Government and Political Dynamics, Unit -3: Governance, Unit -4: International Relations, UPSC Solved Paper 2016, UPSC Practice Papers.