Conjunctive Use of Surface Water and Groundwater for Sustainable Water Management.

Institutional development / Farm income / Water scarcity / GIS / Remote sensing / Salinity control / Pumping / Rain / Water quality / Supplementary irrigation / Environmental sustainability / Sustainable agriculture / Water table / Water balance / Water requirements / Crop production / Models / Groundwater / Surface water / Conjunctive use / Water resource management

Surface water flooding has become more common due to the increased area of land which is hard surfaced for example new housing or business developments and block paved or tarmacked front gardens. Water planner can achieve a better management through basin- wide strategies that include integrated utilization of surface and groundwater to raises the overall productivity of irrigation systems, extends the area effectively commanded, helps in preventing water logging and can reduce drainage needs. Surface water management plans aims to investigate local flooding issues such as flooding from sewers, drains, groundwater, and runoff from land, small watercourses and ditches that occurs as a result of heavy rainfall.Sustainable Surface Water Management covers on water quality protection for the community by implementing programs to reduce pollution in our rivers, streams and wetlands caused by urban storm water runoff. It includes interaction between surface water and groundwater through groundwater recharge, hydrological cycle, water balance components etc. Water quality trading is a sustainable framework for surface water quality management. It uses discharge permits to reduce the total treatment costs. Chapters are included to cover surface water status, practical considerations for reducing public health risk, conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater for sustainable water management, a macro approach to analyzing water resource issues under changing situations, and more. An assortment of diverse topics in the field of water quality modeling, statistical evaluation and guidelines pertaining to the best management practices in different locations around the world is given. The contributions from outstanding scientists and experts provide detailed information about different topics and give a general overview of the current issues in water management. The book covers a wide range of current concerns, reflecting on current problems and signifying the intricacy of water management.

This book covers a wide spectrum of water resources management, including water supply and demand, operation and maintenance of water distribution systems, water quality assessment, impacts of climate change on hydrological extremes, and water governance. Rapid urbanization, industrialization, and population growth are the major factors contributing to a significant rise in water demands across all the sectors in India. Although the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall contributes primarily to the available surface and groundwater resources, recurrent non-uniform/erratic rainfall events have resulted in widespread water scarcity. On many occasions, extreme meteorological conditions trigger the severity of water-related disasters such as floods and droughts. The untreated wastewater from domestic and industrial sources discharged through un-engineered means, adds to the issue as it ends up polluting the surface and groundwater resources.

Modern water management aims for sustainability of water use in evolving socioeconomic and environmental scenarios, nevertheless under great defies. In Mediterranean environments such as Chile and California, climate change, droughts, floods, and increasing water demand are challenging our sustainability on water use. As spring arrives early and highland precipitation is frequently rain-on-snow, the snowpack melts sooner, more water runoff in rivers, reservoirs quickly reach capacity, and water is released for flood control. This uncaptured water becomes available across lowland streams and floodplains, away from upgradient areas where recharge normally occurs, and is eventually lost downstream, unless we can store it underground. Moreover, groundwater is not managed very effectively, causing overdrafts and subsidence. If changes in groundwater storage, pumping, and recharge could be tracked in real time, feedback could be provided to water users to minimize undesirable effects. However, groundwater accounting is difficult, done by complex models, and costly in terms of data, money and time. Thus, this research aims to address (1) how the increased early streamflows can be managed in floodplains to maximize recharge in downgradient areas compensating for the loss of surface water storage? and (2) how can dynamics in groundwater be tracked in real time to improve management and transparency? To conduct this work, an existing IWFM (Integrated Water Flow Model) for Yolo County, California, was updated, calibrated, and used as study case. Results presented a promising conjunctive use framework in the Yolo Bypass, a lowland floodplain environment, by recharging Sacramento River excess water, along with a regional pumping scheme to facilitate recharge. Also, hydrologic proxy models are presented to estimate instantly change in storage, pumping, and recharge, with minimum calculations and data. For similar settings, these results can serve water users and managers to enhance water supply and accounting, in order to make well informed decisions for sustainable water use.

Providing clean water to earth's rapidly growing human population is one the major issues of the 21st Century. The climatic effects of global warming on water supply has made this a hot-button issue.

The book embodies the groundwater issues and challenges in India focusing its sustainable use. It is a compilation of papers presented by the eminent experts from Government departments, academia, research institutes, NGOs and stakeholders who assembled at Kurukshetra on 21st August, 2015 in the event of Bhujal Manthan or “Churning of Groundwater” organized for the first time by Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, the apex Ministry of Water Resource under Government of India. India, as a country, is the highest groundwater extractor in the world. Its service towards attaining the food and clean drinking water security is well documented. This volume addresses the issues of aquifer characterization, groundwater contamination, groundwater resource availability and its sustainable management through community participation in pan-India scenario. This book provides a unique opportunity for its readers to understand groundwater domain in India in its entire gamut. The papers included in the volume were selected carefully from the presentations made in the following four broad topics during the Manthan; (i) groundwater quality, (ii) conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, (iii) management intervention and sustainable use of this resource, and (iv) groundwater problems and application of various techniques. The book contains 20 papers including an introductory chapter by the editors. The content of the book is enriched by contributions from eminent researchers and activists in groundwater domain, like Prof. Tushar Shah, Prof. Himanshu Kulkarni, Dr. D. K. Chadha, Dr. Bharat Sharma and others. The recommendations in the individual papers are of immense significance for keeping the groundwater of the country clean and sustainable. The volume will help the readers to understand the groundwater issues of the country and also assist policy makers to prepare strategies for its better governance and management with environmentally sustainable ways.