This book reports on the latest advances in complex and nonlinear cardiovascular physiology aimed at obtaining reliable, effective markers for the assessment of heartbeat, respiratory, and blood pressure dynamics. The chapters describe in detail methods that have been previously defined in theoretical physics such as entropy, multifractal spectra, and Lyapunov exponents, contextualized within physiological dynamics of cardiovascular control, including autonomic nervous system activity. Additionally, the book discusses several application scenarios of these methods. The text critically reviews the current state-of-the-art research in the field that has led to the description of dedicated experimental protocols and ad-hoc models of complex physiology. This text is ideal for biomedical engineers, physiologists, and neuroscientists. This book also: Expertly reviews cutting-edge research, such as recent advances in measuring complexity, nonlinearity, and information-theoretic concepts applied to coupled dynamical systems Comprehensively describes applications of analytic technique to clinical scenarios such as heart failure, depression and mental disorders, atrial fibrillation, acute brain lesions, and more Broadens readers' understanding of cardiovascular signals, heart rate complexity, heart rate variability, and nonlinear analysis

Complexity is a ubiquitous phenomenon in physiology that allows living systems to adapt to external perturbations. Fractal structures, self-organization, nonlinearity, interactions at different scales, and interconnections among systems through anatomical and functional networks, may originate complexity. Biomedical signals from physiological systems may carry information about the system complexity useful to identify physiological states, monitor health, and predict pathological events. Therefore, complexity analysis of biomedical signals is a rapidly evolving field aimed at extracting information on the physiological systems. This book consists of 16 contributions from authors with a strong scientific background in biomedical signals analysis. It includes reviews on the state-of-the-art of complexity studies in specific medical applications, new methods to improve complexity quantifiers, and novel complexity analyses in physiological or clinical scenarios. It presents a wide spectrum of methods investigating the entropic properties, multifractal structure, self-organized criticality, and information dynamics of biomedical signals touching upon three physiological areas: the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system, the heart-brain interactions. The book is aimed at experienced researchers in signal analysis and presents the latest trends in the complexity methods in physiology and medicine with the hope of inspiring future works advancing this fascinating area of research.

This book includes new findings on socio-economic cyber systems control and development approaches based on AI and data-driven techniques. The authors determine key social challenges and the main features of management and modeling processes. To enhance the efficiency of the socio-economic process, new approaches were suggested as well as its components based on the concept of Society 5.0. In this book, the authors substantiate the scientific, practical, and methodological approaches to the smart technologies’ development. The core is a human-centered concept of cyber systems as well as the intelligent paradigm. Approaches combined both mathematical models and data processing techniques are also proposed as advanced methods for smart system design for ecology and health care. The implementations of the developed prototypes, including testing in real domains, which have collected and analyzed big data and proved their effectiveness, are presented. The target audience of the book are practitioners, enterprise representatives, scientists, and Ph.D. and Master students who perform scientific research or applications of socio-economic cyber systems in different domains.

Pregnancy is a critical time for the health of the mother and the fetus, with important potential risks for both. Tools for antenatal diagnosis and pregnancy monitoring can support prevention and management of potential risks and complications. In particular, the perinatal period, spanning from the third trimester of pregnancy up to one month after birth, is the most critical for the baby. For this reason, in the last decades, biomedical engineering supported and fostered the scientific research towards the identification of new models, parameters, algorithms, and tools that can improve the quality of fetal monitoring, predict the outcomes and allow physicians to intervene in an appropriate manner to ensure a healthy future for the baby. This book follows the First International Summer School on Technologies and Signal Processing in Perinatal Medicine and reflects some of its most important master lectures. It represents a valuable guide for students and young researchers approaching this topic for the first time, as well as experienced researchers and practitioners looking for a clear representation of the themes and techniques presented by recognized experts in the field. Presents current and innovative technologies for fetal and neonatal monitoring Emphasis on both technology/signal processing and clinical aspects Offers a clear didactic approach to the subject matter

Atrial Fibrillation from an Engineering Perspective provides an up-to-date overview of techniques developed for acquisition, modeling, and analysis of noninvasive, bioelectrical signals reflecting this common arrhythmia. Special emphasis is put on emerging technologies for monitoring of atrial fibrillation in connection with ischemic stroke, interventional ablation procedures, and pharmacological treatment, applications which all depend on the availability of techniques for detecting and characterizing episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Detectors exploring both rhythm and morphology are described, as well as detectors confined to rhythm and better suited for low power implementation. A wide variety of approaches to modeling and characterization of atrial activity are described, emanating from a statistical and deterministic starting points. This book is suitable for graduate students, researchers, and engineers who want a comprehensive treatise of atrial fibrillation from an engineering perspective. It may be used for self-study, as a supplement to courses in signal processing, or as a modern monograph by researchers in the field of atrial fibrillation.

Frontiers in Entropy Across the Disciplines presents a panorama of entropy emphasizing mathematical theory, physical and scientific significance, computational methods, and applications in mathematics, physics, statistics, engineering, biomedical signals, and signal processing.In the last century classical concepts of entropy were introduced in the areas of thermodynamics, information theory, probability theory, statistics, dynamical systems, and ergodic theory. During the past 50 years, dozens of new concepts of entropy have been introduced and studied in many disciplines. This volume captures significant developments in this arena. It features expository, review, and research papers by distinguished mathematicians and scientists from many disciplines. The level of mathematics ranges from intermediate level to research level. Each chapter contains a comprehensive list of references. Topics include entropy and society, entropy and time, Souriau entropy on symplectic model of statistical physics, new definitions of entropy, geometric theory of heat and information, maximum entropy in Bayesian networks, maximum entropy methods, entropy analysis of biomedical signals (review and comparison of methods), spectral entropy and its application to video coding and speech coding, a comprehensive review of 50 years of entropy in dynamics, a comprehensive review on entropy, entropy-like quantities and applications, topological entropy of multimodal maps, entropy production in complex systems, entropy production and convergence to equilibrium, reversibility and irreversibility in entropy, nonequilibrium entropy, index of various entropy, entropy and the greatest blunder ever.

This book discusses recent advances in wearable technologies and personal monitoring devices, covering topics such as skin contact-based wearables (electrodes), non-contact wearables, the Internet of things (IoT), and signal processing for wearable devices. Although it chiefly focuses on wearable devices and provides comprehensive descriptions of all the core principles of personal monitoring devices, the book also features a section on devices that are embedded in smart appliances/furniture, e.g. chairs, which, despite their limitations, have taken the concept of unobtrusiveness to the next level. Wearable and personal devices are the key to precision medicine, and the medical community is finally exploring the opportunities offered by long-term monitoring of physiological parameters that are collected during day-to-day life without the bias imposed by the clinical environment. Such data offers a prime view of individuals’ physical condition, as well as the efficacy of therapy and occurrence of events. Offering an in-depth analysis of the latest advances in smart and pervasive wearable devices, particularly those that are unobtrusive and invisible, and addressing topics not covered elsewhere, the book will appeal to medical practitioners and engineers alike.

This book reports on fundamental research, cutting-edge technologies and industrially-relevant applications in biomedical engineering. It covers methods for analysis, modeling and simulation of biological systems, reporting on the development and design of advanced biosensors, nanoparticles and wearable devices. It covers applications in disease monitoring and therapy, tissue engineering, sport and rehabilitation, and telehealth. It also reports on engineering methods for improving and monitoring medical service, and on advanced robotic applications. Gathering the proceedings of the XLV Congreso Nacional de Ingeniería Biomédica (CNIB2022), organised by the Mexican Society of Biomedical Engineering, this book offers a timely snapshot on technologies and methods in bioengineering, and on challenges related to their practical implementation in the health sector.

This book gathers the joint proceedings of the VIII Latin American Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CLAIB 2019) and the XLII National Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CNIB 2019). It reports on the latest findings and technological outcomes in the biomedical engineering field. Topics include: biomedical signal and image processing; biosensors, bioinstrumentation and micro-nanotechnologies; biomaterials and tissue engineering. Advances in biomechanics, biorobotics, neurorehabilitation, medical physics and clinical engineering are also discussed. A special emphasis is given to practice-oriented research and to the implementation of new technologies in clinical settings. The book provides academics and professionals with extensive knowledge on and a timely snapshot of cutting-edge research and developments in the field of biomedical engineering.