Child welfare services are intended to prevent the abuse or neglect of children; ensure that children have safe, permanent homes; and promote the well-being of children and their families. As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states bear the primary responsibility for ensuring the welfare of children and their families. In recent years, Congress has annually appropriated between $7.6 billion and $8.7 billion in federal support dedicated to child welfare purposes. Nearly all of those dollars (97%) were provided to state, tribal, or territorial child welfare agencies (via formula grants or as federal reimbursement for a part of all eligible program costs). Federal involvement in state administration of child welfare activities is primarily tied to this financial assistance. The remaining federal child welfare dollars (3%) are provided to a variety of eligible public or private entities, primarily on a competitive basis, and support research, evaluation, technical assistance, and demonstration projects to expand knowledge of, and improve, child welfare practice and policy. At the federal level, child welfare programs are primarily administered by the Children's Bureau, which is an agency within the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). However, three competitive grant programs (authorized by the Victims of Child Abuse Act) are administered by the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) within the Department of Justice (DOJ). Federal child welfare support is provided via multiple programs, the largest of which are included in the Social Security Act. Title IV-B of the Social Security Act primarily authorizes funding to states, territories, and tribes to support their provision of a broad range of child welfare-related services to children and their families. Title IV-E of the Social Security Act entitles states to federal reimbursement for a part of the cost of providing foster care, adoption assistance, and (in states electing to provide this kind of support) kinship guardianship assistance on behalf of each child who meets federal eligibility criteria. Title IV-E also authorizes funding to support services to youth who "age out" of foster care, or are expected to age out without placement in a permanent family. Legislation concerning programs authorized in Title IV-B and Title IV-E, which represents the very large majority of federal child welfare dollars, is handled in Congress by the House Committee on Ways and Means and the Senate Finance Committee. Additional federal support for child welfare purposes, including research and demonstration funding, is authorized or otherwise supported in the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) and the Adoption Opportunities program. Further, the Victims of Child Abuse Act authorizes competitive grant funding to support Children's Advocacy Centers, Court Appointed Special Advocates, and Child Abuse Training for Judicial Personnel and Practitioners. Authorizing legislation for these programs originated with the House and Senate Judiciary committees. Each child welfare program that receives discretionary funding is funded through April 28, 2017 at about 99.8% of the funding provided for each of the programs in FY2016. For child welfare programs receiving mandatory funding, the continuing resolution makes funding available at the rate needed to maintain the current law program, under the authority and conditions provided in the FY2016 appropriations act. While the continuing resolution allows federal funds to be awarded, until a final appropriations bill is enacted, the total amount of FY2017 funding that will be made available for a given program remains unknown and may be less (or more) than the annualized amount provided in the continuing resolution.

Comprehensive history of the Children’s Bureau from 1912-2012 in eBook form that shares the legacy of this landmark agency that established the first Federal Government programs, research and social reform initiatives aimed to improve the safety, permanency and well-being of children, youth and families. In addition to bios of agency heads and review of legislation and publications, this important book provides a critical look at the evolution of the Nation and its treatment of children as it covers often inspiring and sometimes heart-wrenching topics such as: child labor; the Orphan Trains, adoption and foster care; infant and maternal mortality and childhood diseases; parenting, infant and child care education; the role of women's clubs and reformers; child welfare standards; Aid to Dependent Children; Depression relief; children of migrants and minorities (African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans), including Indian Boarding Schools and Indian Adoption Program; disabled children care; children in wartime including support of military families and World War II refugee children; Juvenile delinquency; early childhood education Head Start; family planning; child abuse and neglect; natural disaster recovery; and much more. Child welfare and related professionals, legislators, educators, researchers and advocates, university school of social work faculty and staff, libraries, and others interested in social work related to children, youth and families, particularly topics such as preventing child abuse and neglect, foster care, and adoption will be interested in this comprehensive history of the Children's Bureau that has been funded by the U.S. Federal Government since 1912.

Care Planning in Children and Young People’s Nursing Develop a care program to meet a child’s individual needs with this essential guide Even seemingly minor decisions can have a significant impact on the early development of a child, so it is essential for children to receive a carefully tailored program designed to meet the needs and concerns of each individual child. The second edition of Care Planning in Children and Young People’s Nursing adds significant scope and material to the already vital first edition. Taking a child, young person and family-centred approach, it offers a comprehensive and accessible discussion of care planning with continuous reference to core principles and nursing values. This new edition continues to be a fundamental resource for the planning and execution of high-quality nursing care for children and young people. Readers of the second edition will also find: Detailed case scenarios designed to cultivate discussion and produce greater competence Increased emphasis on the voices of children and young people In-depth discussion of care planning for specific conditions including new chapters on Sickle Cell Disease, Mental Health and Wellbeing of Children and Young People, Transition from Children’s to Adults’ Services, and more Care Planning in Children and Young People’s Nursing is a must-have for children’s nurses or for any nursing professionals involved in the care of children and young people.

Kinship care is one of the most prevalent forms of placement used for maltreated children and youths. This book is the first to provide a systematic and theory-informed approach to preparing caregivers for the vital role they play in the lives of abused and neglected children. It presents a relationship-building framework that can be used to better achieve the three major child welfare goals: (1) protection, (2) permanency, and (3) well-being. Child welfare students and practitioners will learn evidence-based practice and policy strategies that foster attachment, identity, and belongingness in children, enabling the children to reconnect and establish important relationships and social supports that are vital to their development. The text traces the historical development of kinship care and describes the current knowledge base—both theoretical and practical—about this form of child placement. It discusses the political, social, cultural, and economic contexts of kinship care and how policies can be reshaped to better support the kinship paradigm. A variety of options for kinship relationships are explored along with strategies to assure child safety within kinship care. Case examples throughout illustrate the practical application of strategies and policy approaches. Key Features: Describes an evidence-based, relationship-building framework for achieving the major child welfare goals of protection, permanency, and well-being Discusses the history, development, and current state of knowledge about kinship care Addresses varied options for kinship relationships Focuses on strategies to assure child safety within the kinship relationship

This volume examines existing research documenting racial disproportionality and disparities in child welfare systems, the underlying factors that contribute to these phenomena and the harms that result at both the individual and community levels. It reviews multiple forms of interventions designed to prevent and reduce disproportionality, particularly in states and jurisdictions that have seen meaningful change. With contributions from authorities and leaders in the field, this volume serves as the authoritative volume on the complex issue of child maltreatment and child welfare. It offers a central source of information for students and practitioners who are seeking understanding on how structural and institutional racism can be addressed in public systems.