In recent years, artificial intelligence has increasingly been playing an essential role in diverse areas in medicine, assisting clinicians in patient management. In nephrology and transplantation, artificial intelligence can be utilized to enhance clinical care, such as through hemodialysis prescriptions and the follow-up of kidney transplant patients. Furthermore, there are rapidly expanding applications and validations of comprehensive, computerized medical records and related databases, including national registries, health insurance, and drug prescriptions. For this Special Issue, we made a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their invaluable works and present, here, a collection of articles covering original clinical research (single- or multi-center), database studies from registries, meta-analyses, and artificial intelligence research in nephrology including acute kidney injury, electrolytes and acid–base, chronic kidney disease, glomerular disease, dialysis, and transplantation that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of nephrology and transplantation toward improving patient outcomes.

This book provides a thorough overview of the ongoing evolution in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) within healthcare and radiology, enabling readers to gain a deeper insight into the technological background of AI and the impacts of new and emerging technologies on medical imaging. After an introduction on game changers in radiology, such as deep learning technology, the technological evolution of AI in computing science and medical image computing is described, with explanation of basic principles and the types and subtypes of AI. Subsequent sections address the use of imaging biomarkers, the development and validation of AI applications, and various aspects and issues relating to the growing role of big data in radiology. Diverse real-life clinical applications of AI are then outlined for different body parts, demonstrating their ability to add value to daily radiology practices. The concluding section focuses on the impact of AI on radiology and the implications for radiologists, for example with respect to training. Written by radiologists and IT professionals, the book will be of high value for radiologists, medical/clinical physicists, IT specialists, and imaging informatics professionals.

Dive into the captivating world of nephrology with "Renal Chronicles: Exploring Kidney Health." From renal physiology to transplantation and beyond, this comprehensive book unravels the complexities of kidney diseases and their management. Discover the anatomy, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies in chronic kidney disease and dialysis. Explore the intricacies of transplantation and delve into the complications encountered in nephrology practice. Written by experts, this invaluable resource empowers medical students, practitioners, and researchers to navigate the fascinating field of nephrology with confidence. Enhance your understanding and shape the future of kidney health.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent clinical syndrome among hospitalized patients, independently associated with both short- and long-term mortality. Previous investigations attempted to identify effective interventions to prevent AKI or promote kidney function recovery in patients with AKI. Most were unsuccessful. Hence, additional studies are required in the field of AKI research. In this Special Issue, we are making a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their studies on AKI conducted in nephrology, internal medicine, critical care, and other disciplines that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of AKI research, ultimately to improve patient outcomes.

Nephrology is one of the fastest growing specialties in medicine. Nevertheless, kidney disease is one of the most serious unmet health needs in many countries. To provide healthcare access with the desirable equity worldwide, the nephrology community needs to discuss this public health issue and take part in decisions for elaboration of public health policies with more justice and equity. This book brings together key current public health problems that affect kidney function and illuminates them in contributions by an international group of nephrologists and general practitioners. The chapters review current knowledge and provide guidelines to manage these conditions and decrease the disease burden. At the end, developments in the digital era and their application to kidney disease treatment are synthesized, and a broader outlook on the future of nephrology is given. Ultimately, the publication aims to gather nephrology and public health expertise from researchers from all over the world, providing a broad vision of issues that must be discussed and overcome to guarantee a better treatment for patients with kidney diseases in the world today.

Advances in immunosuppression and kidney transplant techniques have led to significant improvements in the short-term survival of the renal allograft. Long-term graft survival, however, has relatively lagged behind and has now become one of the main problems in kidney transplantation. In this Special Issue, we discuss the recent research developments in kidney transplants that may affect long-term allografts, as well as the survival of the patient. The latest developments in living kidney donation are also explored.

Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Practice: How AI Technologies Impact Medical Research and Clinics compiles current research on Artificial Intelligence within medical subspecialties, helping practitioners with diagnosis, clinical decision-making, disease prediction, prevention, and the facilitation of precision medicine. The book defines the basic concepts of big data and AI in medicine and highlights current applications, challenges, ethical issues, and biases. Each chapter discusses AI applied to a specific medical subspecialty, including primary care, preventive medicine, general internal medicine, radiology, pathology, infectious disease, gastroenterology, cardiology, hematology, oncology, dermatology, ophthalmology, mental health, neurology, pulmonary, critical care, rheumatology, surgery, and OB-GYN. This is a valuable resource for clinicians, students, researchers and members of medical and biomedical fields who are interested in learning more about artificial intelligence technologies and their applications in medicine. Provides the history and overview of the various modalities of AI and their applications within each field of medicine Discusses current AI-based medical research, including landmark trials within each field of medicine Addresses the current knowledge gaps that clinicians commonly face that prevent the application of AI-based research to clinical practice Encompasses examples of specific cases and discusses challenges and biases associated with AI

Nanomedicine in Translational Research: Status and Future Challenges harnesses the current developments and future directions of diagnostic and therapeutic solutions in clinical scenarios. This book integrates nanomedicine and biomaterials to develop healthcare technology for improved patient care and clinical practices, through applications using theranostics, biomaterials, 3-D printing, regenerative medicines, and nanosystems. Those in this multidisciplinary field will need to improve procedures and protocols, as well as regulatory guidelines and their clinical implications. This book will be highly useful as it is written by experts in the field for researchers working in the areas of nanotechnology, biomaterials, drug delivery, and pharmaceuticals for chronic diseases. - Focuses on the pillars contributing to the global healthcare crisis: geopolitical changes, overpopulation/migration, and climate change. - Includes personal interviews with many world leaders in different areas along with the authors' hands-on experience on healthcare, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, for drafting the contents that confirm advanced healthcare. - Provides a broad and multidisciplinary understanding of healthcare, allowing the readers to understand their role and empower them to take initiatives to emerging solutions.

Artificial Intelligence in Tissue and Organ Regeneration discusses the role of artificial intelligence as a highly sought-after technology in the area of organ and tissue regeneration. Certain groups have made significant progress in mass producing mini organs and organoids from stem cells utilizing such techniques. As time goes on, there will be a need to improve these procedures, protocols, regulatory guidelines, and their clinical implications. - Integrates existing literature in a highly interdisciplinary area - Presents comprehensive current and future perspectives, combining artificial intelligence and machine learning with organ and tissue regeneration - Provides new and emerging technology that is useful in healthcare and the medical field