A comprehensive review of environmental remediation is presented with an emphasis on the role of clay minerals in water purification. In the first chapter, important aspects of environmental problems and possible solutions are discussed. In the second chapter, the application of natural clay minerals as environmental cleaning agents are explained. The discussion is focused on the role of different types of clay materials in hazardous substance removal from air, aqueous solutions, wastewater, aquaculture, ground water, etc. In the next chapter, the modification of clay materials is explored including the preparation of clay composite materials for environmental remediation. Various aspects of clay material modifications and the effects of clay surface chemistry on the removal of hazardous material is also discussed. Next, the equilibrium and kinetics of hazardous substance adsorption is presented. This chapter summarizes recent studies on the removal of hazardous substances from aqueous solutions and the environment using various types of clay minerals. The brief also includes various models used in adsorption studies and touches on the characterization of clay minerals.

Modified Clay and Zeolite Nanocomposite Materials: Environmental and Pharmaceutical Applications retraces the most important knowledge gaps that the scientific community is facing, including a drawback of real-world applications. This valuable resource explores the novel applications of this group of nanomaterials that can be suitably surface-modified to obtain properties that can be applied in environmental and pharmaceutical fields. For example, modification with surfactants has given new motivation to the study of these materials by producing an inversion in the ion exchange behavior from cationic to anionic. This strategy has paved the way for new uses highlighted in this timely resource. - Explores the combination of both minerals (clay and zeolite) together, with their application in two broad areas of emerging research - Explains better utilization and applications for modified clay and zeolite through detailed comparative studies - Consolidates information on the modification and tuning of clay and zeolite materials for novelty applications - Helps users in the selection of materials, surface features, and other functionalization for diverse applications

Studies the Environmental, Cosmetic, and Pharmaceutical Applications of Bentonite ClayBentonite clay, of which members of the smectite family of clay minerals are particularly important, has proven to be effective in sealing off wastes from groundwater. Bentonite Clay: Environmental Properties and Applications explores the mineralogy of clays in ge

Clay Nanoparticles: Properties and Applications sets out the major properties of clay nanoparticles and their technological applications. The first part of the book focuses on the characterization of nanoclays, including layered, fibrous and tubular clay minerals. The second part illustrates the current and potential applications of nanoclays within material science and biotechnology. These include the development of geopolymers and bionanocomposites based on sustainable polymers filled with ecocompatible nanoclay. The potential use of nanoclays as flame retardants is also discussed, along with the correlation between the properties and potential applications of several nanoclay types. In particular, the applications explored include nanoclays as drug delivery systems and for environmental protection. The book provides a complete and multidisciplinary exploration of nanoclays, highlighting a range of perspectives within current nanotechnology research. Assesses the advantages of using nanoclays instead of conventional clay materials in product design Describes the major characterization techniques – both experimental and computational – for nanoclays Explores new fabrication techniques based on pristine and modified clay nanoparticles that are being used both in materials science and biotechnology

Novel Materials for Environmental Remediation Applications: Adsorption and Beyond presents detailed, comprehensive coverage of novel and advanced materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of the pollution of natural resources in water, the air, and in soil. The book provides up-to-date knowledge of state-of-the-art materials and treatment processes, as well as details of applications, including adsorptive remediation and catalytic remediation. Chapters include the characteristics of materials, basic and important physicochemical features for environmental remediation applications, routes of synthesis, recent advances as remediation medias and future perspectives. This book offers an interdisciplinary and practical examination of novel materials and processes for environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike. Highlights a wide range of synthetic methodologies, physicochemical and engineered features of novel materials, and composites/hybrids for environmental purposes Presents applications of adsorbents or catalysts for water/wastewater treatment and air purification technologies such as advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, photocatalysis, coagulation, flotation, membrane separation, filtration, and others Provides comprehensive, consolidated coverage of novel materials for environmental remediation applications for researchers in environmental science, materials science, and industry to identify in-depth solutions to pollution

Emerging Natural and Tailored Nanomaterials for Radioactive Waste Treatment and Environmental Remediation: Principles and Methodologies, Volume 29 provides an overview of the most important radionuclide sources in the environment, their interaction with environmental media, and appropriate remediation techniques. The book focuses on the assessment of radionuclide sorption behavior in contaminated sites and the synthesis of new materials for radionuclides remediation through sorption concepts. Chapters investigate the main interaction mechanisms between toxic/radioactive metal ions with natural and manmade materials, natural clay minerals and oxides, and novel nanomaterials, such as ordered mesoporous silicas, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal-organic framework-based materials. Techniques and models discussed include kinetics analysis, thermodynamic analysis, surface complexation models, spectroscopic techniques, and theoretical calculations. - Provides a systemic discussion on the interactions between toxic and radioactive metal ions and natural and manmade materials - Helps to select the best approach to remove toxic/radioactive metal ions from a surface - Edited by a scientific authority in toxic/radioactive metal ion interactions

Advanced Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments presents detailed, comprehensive coverage of novel and advanced materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of the pollution of natural resources in waters, the air and soil. It provides fundamental knowledge on available materials and treatment processes, as well as applications, including adsorptive remediation and catalytic remediation. Organized clearly by type of material, this book presents a consistent structure for each chapter, including characteristics of the materials, basic and important physicochemical features for environmental remediation applications, routes of synthesis, recent advances as remediation medias, and future perspectives. This book offers an interdisciplinary and practical examination of available materials and processes for environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike. Highlights a wide range of synthetic methodologies, physicochemical and engineered features of novel materials and composites/hybrids for environmental purposes Provides comprehensive, consolidated coverage of advanced materials for environmental remediation applications for researchers in environmental science, materials science, and industry to identify in-depth solutions to pollution Presents up-to-date details of advanced materials, including descriptions and characteristics that impact their applications in environmental remediation processes

Advanced Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments presents detailed, comprehensive coverage of novel and advanced materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of the pollution of natural resources in waters, the air and soil. It provides fundamental knowledge on available materials and treatment processes, as well as applications, including adsorptive remediation and catalytic remediation. Organized clearly by type of material, this book presents a consistent structure for each chapter, including characteristics of the materials, basic and important physicochemical features for environmental remediation applications, routes of synthesis, recent advances as remediation medias, and future perspectives. This book offers an interdisciplinary and practical examination of available materials and processes for environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike. - Highlights a wide range of synthetic methodologies, physicochemical and engineered features of novel materials and composites/hybrids for environmental purposes - Provides comprehensive, consolidated coverage of advanced materials for environmental remediation applications for researchers in environmental science, materials science, and industry to identify in-depth solutions to pollution - Presents up-to-date details of advanced materials, including descriptions and characteristics that impact their applications in environmental remediation processes

Environmental Silicate Nano-Biocomposites focuses on nano-biocomposites, which are obtained by the association of silicates such as bioclays with biopolymers. By highlighting recent developments and findings, green and biodegradable nano-composites from both renewable and biodegradable polymers are explored. This includes coverage of potential markets such as packaging, agricultures, leisure and the fast food industry. The knowledge and experience of more than twenty international experts in diverse fields, from chemical and biochemical engineering to applications, is brought together in four different sections covering: Biodegradable polymers and Silicates, Clay/Polyesters Nano-biocomposites, Clay/Agropolymers Nano-biocomposites, and Applications and biodegradation of Nano-biocomposites. By exploring the relationships between the biopolymer structures, the processes, and the final properties Environmental Silicate Nano-Biocomposites explains how to design nano-materials to develop new, valuable, environmentally friendly properties and uses. The combination of fundamental and applied science makes this an ideal reference for a range of readers from students and lecturers to material and polymer scientists and even industrial engineers who are interested in bringing new environmental nano-materials to the current market.

Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites is a complete summary of the existing knowledge on this topic, from the basic concepts of synthesis and design to their applications in timely topics such as high-performance composites, environment, and energy issues. This book covers many aspects of synthesis such as in- situ polymerization within the interlamellar spacing of the clays or by reaction of pristine or pre-modified clays with reactive polymers and prepolymers. Indeed, nanocomposites can be prepared at industrial scale by melt mixing. Regardless the synthesis method, much is said in this book about the importance of theclay pre-modification step, which is demonstrated to be effective, on many occasions, in obtaining exfoliated nanocomposites. Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites reports the background to numerous characterization methods including solid state NMR, neutron scattering, diffraction and vibrational techniques as well as surface analytical methods, namely XPS, inverse gas chromatography and nitrogen adsorption to probe surface composition, wetting and textural/structural properties. Although not described in dedicated chapters, numerous X-ray diffraction patterns of clay–polymer nanocomposites and reference materials are displayed to account for the effects of intercalation and exfoliations of layered aluminosilicates. Finally, multiscale molecular simulation protocols are presenting for predicting morphologies and properties of nanostructured polymer systems with industrial relevance. As far as applications are concerned, Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites examines structural composites such as clay–epoxy and clay–biopolymers, the use of clay–polymer nanocomposites as reactive nanocomposite fillers, catalytic clay-(conductive) polymers and similar nanocomposites for the uptake of hazardous compounds or for controlled drug release, antibacterial applications, energy storage, and more. - The most comprehensive coverage of the state of the art in clay–polymer nanocomposites, from synthesis and design to opportunities and applications - Covers the various methods of characterization of clay–polymer nanocomposites - including spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and X-ray diffraction - Includes a discussion of a range of application areas, including biomedicine, energy storage, biofouling resistance, and more