This retrospective offers a first hand account on internal conflicts in ZANU during the 1970s, which resulted in the defeat of its left wing. Chung's narratives include her experiences in two guerrilla camps. She recalls her encounters with the charismatic Josiah Tongogara, a legendary military commander during Zimbabwe's liberation war (known as the ©second chimurenga♯), who died at the threshold to Independence. The personal recollection of a transition to national sovereignty concludes with an incisive analysis of developments after Independence. It ends with Chung's vision for the Zimbabwe of the future. Fay Chung served within the Ministry of Education in post-colonial Zimbabwe for a total of fourteen years, at the end as the Minister of Education and Culture. Her autobiographical account has the childhood experiences in colonial Rhodesia as a point of departure. Like many other Zimbabwean intellectuals she joined the liberation struggle. From the mid-1970s she worked within the ZANU-organised educational sphere.

Tessa is nine-years-old when a humiliating experience forever alters her naïve perception of the society in which she lives. Nathan is twelve-years-old, dark haired and inscrutable. To Tessa, he is a dead-pan, distant ghost flitting into view and then dissolving in a blink... but an odd conversation with him changes it all.

Notes from a Modern Chimurenga is an extensive collection of Zimbabwes political struggle short stories. It covers: the modern Chimurenga period from the formation of tribal trust lands (The Tortoise); the liberation wars (Zanzibar, Eating Whilst Running); the Gukurahundi massacre (Gukurahundi); the late 1990s democratic struggles pitting ZANUPF against the MDC (The List, Mbuya Chitungwiza, Operation Murambatsvina, Notes from Mai Mujurus Breast, Breaking the Silence); the individual struggle within this democratic struggle (Mushazhike, Nyadzonya); the resultant migration and exilitic stories (Limpopo Bones, Germinston 1401); the corruption (Nyakasikana, Tree of the Year); the mismanagement of the country, the beatings and killings (Leonard, Karidza, Raising A Cain again); and the continuing democratic struggles.

Southern Rhodesia was a colony of the British Empire. In 1980, it gained independence as modern-day Zimbabwe, after a long liberation struggle, and a bitter guerrilla war. Guerrilla Girl tells the story of Shupai, and her journey to liberation. Follow her from impoverished childhood in a convent school in rural Rhodesia; to her experiences of discrimination and injustice as a young woman in the capital Salisbury; her radical awakening amongst youth political groups; to her transformation into a highly trained freedom fighter. The women of Zimbabwe had to fight for liberation on two fronts: from the domination of the common colonialist enemy, and from the male chauvinism of their countrymen. Most African men in Zimbabwe found it hard to accept women as fighters, let alone as armed guerrillas. Women had a hard time asserting themselves as capable and trusted liberators, always in danger of being put down by their male counterparts. Whilst the names of the characters are fictitious, the majority of events and places are true.

In this new history of music in Zimbabwe, Mhoze Chikowero deftly uses African sources to interrogate the copious colonial archive, reading it as a confessional voice along and against the grain to write a complex history of music, colonialism, and African self-liberation. Chikowero's book begins in the 1890s with missionary crusades against African performative cultures and African students being inducted into mission bands, which contextualize the music of segregated urban and mining company dance halls in the 1930s, and he builds genealogies of the Chimurenga music later popularized by guerrilla artists like Dorothy Masuku, Zexie Manatsa, Thomas Mapfumo, and others in the 1970s. Chikowero shows how Africans deployed their music and indigenous knowledge systems to fight for their freedom from British colonial domination and to assert their cultural sovereignty.

Like Fela Kuti and Bob Marley, singer, composer, and bandleader Thomas Mapfumo and his music came to represent his native country's anticolonial struggle and cultural identity. Mapfumo was born in 1945 in what was then the British colony of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). The trajectory of his career—from early performances of rock 'n' roll tunes to later creating a new genre based on traditional Zimbabwean music, including the sacred mbira, and African and Western pop—is a metaphor for Zimbabwe's evolution from colony to independent nation. Lion Songs is an authoritative biography of Mapfumo that narrates the life and career of this creative, complex, and iconic figure. Banning Eyre ties the arc of Mapfumo's career to the history of Zimbabwe. The genre Mapfumo created in the 1970s called chimurenga, or "struggle" music, challenged the Rhodesian government—which banned his music and jailed him—and became important to Zimbabwe achieving independence in 1980. In the 1980s and 1990s Mapfumo's international profile grew along with his opposition to Robert Mugabe's dictatorship. Mugabe had been a hero of the revolution, but Mapfumo’s criticism of his regime led authorities and loyalists to turn on the singer with threats and intimidation. Beginning in 2000, Mapfumo and key band and family members left Zimbabwe. Many of them, including Mapfumo, now reside in Eugene, Oregon. A labor of love, Lion Songs is the product of a twenty-five-year friendship and professional relationship between Eyre and Mapfumo that demonstrates Mapfumo's musical and political importance to his nation, its freedom struggle, and its culture.

This book contains the most comprehensive question bank and model answers for ZIMSEC A-Level History exam questions. It also includes syllabus review notes and exercises. History subject Examiners provide observations and tips and point out common errors that students make when answering questions. If you use this book faithfully, it will be almost impossible for you to fail. Use this book and earn yourself a Grade "A" in History.