Chemistry and Technology of Isocyanates is a comprehensive book on isocyanate chemistry and technology. It highlights the industrial applications of diisocyanates in the manufacture of flexible and rigid foams, elastomers, coatings and adhesives; discusses ionomers used in water-based coatings, polymer networks and biomedical polymers; and reviews current and future environmental issues, including toxicity and safe handling of isocyanates, recycling of isocyanate derived polymers and monomers derived from natural products.

"This book is about Polyurethane Chemistry: Renewable Polyols and Isocyanates"--

The use of hazardous chemicals such as methyl isocyanate can be a significant concern to the residents of communities adjacent to chemical facilities, but is often an integral part of the chemical manufacturing process. In order to ensure that chemical manufacturing takes place in a manner that is safe for workers, members of the local community, and the environment, the philosophy of inherently safer processing can be used to identify opportunities to eliminate or reduce the hazards associated with chemical processing. However, the concepts of inherently safer process analysis have not yet been adopted in all chemical manufacturing plants. The Use and Storage of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience presents a possible framework to help plant managers choose between alternative processing options-considering factors such as environmental impact and product yield as well as safety- to develop a chemical manufacturing system. In 2008, an explosion at the Bayer CropScience chemical production plant in Institute, West Virginia, resulted in the deaths of two employees, a fire within the production unit, and extensive damage to nearby structures. The accident drew renewed attention to the fact that the Bayer facility manufactured and stores methyl isocyanate, or MIC - a volatile, highly toxic chemical used in the production of carbamate pesticides and the agent responsible for thousands of death in Bhopal, India, in 1984. In the Institute accident, debris from the blast hit the shield surrounding a MIC storage tank, and although the container was not damaged, an investigation by the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board found that the debris could have struck a relief valve vent pipe and cause the release of MIC to the atmosphere. The Board's investigation also highlighted a number of weaknesses in the Bayer facility's emergency response systems. In light of these concerns, the Board requested the National Research Council convene a committee of independent experts to write a report that examines the use and storage of MIC at the Bayer facility. The Use and Storage of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) at Bayer CropScience also evaluates the analyses on alternative production methods for MIC and carbamate pesticides preformed by Bayer and the previous owners of the facility.

Carbodiimides play an important role as condensation agents in the synthesis of polypeptides, polynucleotides, polysaccharides and numerous other chemical transformations. Chemistry and Technology of Carbodiimides is the first book to examine both the chemistry and technology of carbodiimides. This book provides a comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the synthesis and reactions of this industrially important class of chemicals while focusing on industrial applications, including the $M-sectors of biochemical synthesis, pharmaceuticals, polymers, ceramics, and herbicides. Written by a well-known authority in the field this book will prove a valuable reference tool for anyone working in this area of chemistry.

- MDI und TDI sind Diisocyanate, die industriell als Bausteine für Polymere verwendet werden, aber für die Gesundheit und die Umwelt nicht unbedenklich sind - erstmals werden hier Gesundheits- und Umweltrisiken von TDI und MDI gezielt in einem Band angesprochen - mit zahlreichen Photos, Spektren, Tabellen und Diagrammen - Beiträge von Experten aus Forschung, Industrie und Behörden

This book, cohesively written by an expert author with supreme breadth and depth of perspective on polyurethanes, provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of the science and technology on one of the most commonly produced plastics. Covers the applications, manufacture, and markets for polyurethanes, and discusses analytical methods, reaction mechanisms, morphology, and synthetic routes Provides an up-to-date view of the current markets and trend analysis based on patent activity and updates chapters to include new research Includes two new chapters on PU recycling and PU hybrids, covering the opportunities and challenges in both

Polyurethanes are one of the most dynamic groups of polymers, they find use in nearly every aspect of modern life, in applications such as furniture, bedding, seating and instrument panels for cars, shoe soles, thermoinsulation, carpet backings, packaging, adhesives, sealants, binders and as coatings. In 2004 10.6 million tons of polyurethanes were produced, in 2014 the world production was close to 20 million tons. In the last decade (2005-2015) important, worldwide developments in the area of polyols for polyurethanes were carried out, especially for polyols from renewable resources, described in detail in this second edition of the book. The main raw materials used for the production of PU are polyols and isocyanates. The first of these is the subject of this two volume handbook. Volume 1 is dedicated to polyols for elastic PU (flexible foams, elastomers and so on). Volume 2 is dedicated to polyols for rigid PU (rigid foams, wood substitute, packaging, flotation materials and so on). The book considers the raw materials used to build the PU polymeric architecture. It covers the chemistry and technology of oligo-polyol fabrication, the characteristics of the various oligo-polyol families and the effects of the oligo-polyol structure on the properties of the resulting PU. It presents the details of oligo-polyol synthesis, and explains the chemical and physico-chemical subtleties of oligo-polyol fabrication. This book links data and information concerning the chemistry and technology of oligo-polyols for PU, providing a comprehensive overview of: Basic PU chemistry Key oligo-polyol characteristics Synthesis of the main oligo-polyol families, including: polyether polyols, filled polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polybutadiene polyols, acrylic polyols, polysiloxane polyols, aminic polyols Polyols from renewable resources Flame retardant polyols Chemical recovery of polyols Relationships between polyol structure and PU properties This book will be of interest to all specialists working with polyols for the manufacture of PU and to all researchers that would like to know more about polyol chemistry.

Adhesives are indispensable. They are required pling agents, and other key ingredients. Special in myriad products-aircraft and abrasives, cars attention is given to such flourishing categories and cartons, shoes and safety glass, tape and as acrylics, anaerobics, cyanoacrylates, poly urethanes, epoxy resins, polyvinyl acetate, high tires. This Third Edition of Handbook of Ad hesives, like the 1962 and 1977 editions, seeks temperature adhesives, hot melts, silicones, and to provide the knowledge needed for optimum silanes. selection, preparation, and utilization of adhe The last 14 chapters, on adherends and bond sives and sealants. The information is detailed ing technology, involve the auto industry, air and explicit, with several hundred illustrative craft, electronics, the bonding of wood, formulations. textiles, rubber and plastics, construction, ab Expert information has been supplied in 47 rasives, pressure-sensitives, nonwovens, and chapters written by 70 industry specialists, pro sealants. Mechanical handling of two-compo fessors, and consultants. Five chapters on fun nent systems is examined. The concluding damentals provide the theoretical and economic chapter highlights the exciting progress that is underpinnings-why adhesives work, how they being made in the use of robotics to apply ad are selected, how the surface is prepared, how hesives, techniques already far advanced in au they are applied, how they are set, how the tomotive assembly. cured joint is tested.

Carried in wallets and displayed in homes, photographs are a common, but often an overlooked feature of modern life. And, with the advent of digital technology many believe that the so called 'wet chemistry' behind old fashioned photography is a thing of the past - but is it? The Chemistry of Photography endeavours to unravel the mysteries of picture taking and reflects on the diversity and complexity of the science. It gives readers an insight into the chemistry needed to generate pictures, spanning all mediums including still and motion picture as well as digital imaging. Beginning with the components of conventional photography such as films and papers, the book also looks at light capture and amplification, negative films, processing solutions, colour transparencies, the chemistry of colour and motion picture films. The book concludes with a discussion of digital technology and new innovations in photography. This fascinating book will appeal to scientists and those with a general interest in both the new and the old science behind photography.