Summary This book is a definitive overview of the current 'state of the art' in cell biology. It is based on papers presented by leading researchers at the Spanish Society for Cell Biology's XIV Congress - a Congress that strives to achieve scientific excellence. Each participant was asked to prepare a 'mini review' of current and likely future development in their area of research. This book is based on those reviews. As such, it is therefore an analysis of current and future trends. Key Features Contains contributions from some of the world's leading researchers. The book is multidisciplinary, covering almost all topics in cell biology: from basic to applied cell biology, and a wide variety of models: from in vitro to vivo models, ranging from fish to rodents and humans. Each 'mini review' is an easy-read piece, describing the state of the art on a topic with clear language and in a summary format. The mini review format makes the book attractive not only to readers involved in cell biology research and teaching, but also professionals from other disciplines and students. The book takes a truly multidisciplinary approach; it covers a wide array of topics, and the book reflects how cell biology interacts with other disciplines The Editors Jose Becerra is Professor of Cell Biology at the University of Málaga (Spain) since 1989. He has been Dean Secretary, Vice-Dean and Dean of the Faculty of Sciences of Málaga, and is now the Head of the Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology. From 2001 to 2003 he was the Director of the Andalusian Laboratory of Biology (LAB, Seville), which was converted in the Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD) under his term. He is a member of the Technical Committee of the National Stem Cell Bank since 2007, patron of the Board of Trustees of IMABIS Foundation (Mediterranean Institute for the Advance of Biotechnology and Health Research), coordinator of the Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Area of the the Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), and member of the Direction Committee of the CIBER-BBN. Leonor Santos-Ruiz is Senior Researcher of the CIBER-BBN network at the Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND). She started her career studying the cellular and molecular basis of lower vertebrates' amazing ability for tissue regeneration, with a special attention to bone and spinal cord repair. Readership Cell biology academics and researchers Contents Introduction Dynamics of cell compartments The intracellular trafficking Cell signaling Autophagy, apoptosis and cell homeostasis Cell biology of aging Plant cell biology Methods in cell biology Applied cell biology Cell biology of cancer Cell therapies and tissue engineering Neurodegeneration and cell biology Nanotechnology and cell biology: challenges and opportunities

Summary A Bayesian Theory of Games introduces a new game theoretic equilibrium concept: Bayesian equilibrium by iterative conjectures (BEIC). The new equilibrium concept achieves consistencies in results among different types of games that current games theory at times fails to. BEIC requires players to make predictions on the strategies of other players starting from first order uninformative predictive distribution functions (or conjectures) and keep updating with Bayesian statistical decision theoretic and game theoretic reasoning until a convergence of conjectures is achieved. In a BEIC, conjectures are consistent with the equilibrium or equilibriums they supported and so rationality is achieved for actions, strategies and beliefs and (statistical) decision rule. Given its ability to typically select only a unique equilibrium in games, the BEIC approach is capable of analyzing a larger set of games than current games theory, including games with noisy inaccurate observations and games with multiple sided incomplete information games. Key Features Provides a unified and consistent analysis of many categories of games. Its solution algorithm is iterative and has good computation properties. Can analyze more types of games than current existing games theory. The equilibrium concept and solution algorithm are based on Bayesian statistical decision theory. In the new equilibrium, rationality is achieved for action, strategy, belief (both prior and posterior) and decision rule. Beliefs are the results of optimization exercises of players. Uses first order uninformative conjectures and reaction functions to derive higher and higher orders of conjectures until a convergence of conjectures is achieved. Has great application value for it could solve many types of games and could model beliefs. The Author Dr Jimmy Teng currently teaches at the School of Economics of the University of Nottingham (Malaysia Campus). He is the author of many articles and two books. He received his economics PhD from the University of Toronto. He also earned a PhD in political Science and a MS in statistics from Duke University. He previously held research and teaching positions in Academia Sinica, National Taiwan University and Nanyang Technological University Readership Games theorists, decision theorists, economists, mathematicians, statisticians, operational researchers, social scientists, management researchers, public policy researchers, computer scientists Contents Preface Acknowledgments About the author Introduction Sequential games with incomplete information and noisy inaccurate observation; introduction; an inflationary game; Bayesian iterative conjectures algorithm as a Bayes decision rule; conclusions Sequential games with perfect and imperfect information; introduction; the Bayesian iterative conjecture algorithm, sub-game perfect equilibrium and perfect Bayesian equilibrium; solving sequential games of incomplete and perfect information; multiple-sided incomplete information sequential games with perfect information; conclusions Simultaneous games; introduction; complete information simultaneous games; BEIC and refinements of Nash equilibrium; simultaneous games with incomplete information; conclusions Conclusions References Index

Summary ‘The Economic Security of Business Transactions’ covers such aspects as: management in the economic system; commercial risk in domestic and international transactions; an assessment of partners; unofficial economy and the state budget; economic security business; the role and importance of law in business. The book looks at the threats and risks arising from international trade and operating leading businesses, plus the role of the State. It examines the required new forms, methods and approaches for management. This has significant implications for the businesses concerned and the State’s role. ‘The Economic Security of Business Transactions’ includes coverage of internal company factors, tax evasion and tax avoidance; the book also looks at the level of involvement of the State (especially the EU’s Common Market). This leads to abuses and distortions in the area of the competitiveness of enterprises and countries’ competitiveness; it also changes the perception of contemporary economic security. This book is an attempt to point to the example of single countries, the European Community, and on a global scale – what is the efficiency of national economic systems and how the associated risks impact upon economic trade disorders. Key Features Contains contributions from some of the world’s leading researchers. Has an interdisciplinary character – based on economics, management and law. Shows and defines real threats and risks which occur in economic trade. The Authors Konrad Raczkowski is Professor of Management, who specializes in the unofficial economy, public finances and management in the economic system. He is a Director of Economic Institute in University of Social Sciences in Warsaw; he was Head of the Department of the Economic Security Management. Between 2003 and 2013 he worked in the finance department. He was also the advisor and consultant to governmental institutions, entrepreneurs and the European Anti-Fraud Office in Brussels (OLAF). He has qualifications as an internal auditor of integrated management systems. Professor Raczkowski is a member of British Academy of Management and since 2008 he has been an associate of the Institute for Security and Development Policy in Stockholm. Friedrich Schneider is Professor of Economics at the Department of Economics at the Johannes Kepler University of Linz in Austria. He is recognized as a leading authority in the field of studies on the shadow world economy. He has conducted research and lectures, among institutions such as the Universities of Yale, Princeton, Virginia, Stockholm, Zurich, Carnegie Mellon and Aarhus. In the years 1997-1999 he was the President of the Austrian Economic Association and in 2005-2008 the President of the German Economic Association. He has advised many governments, entrepreneurs and the European Commission. He is the author or co-author of hundreds of publications, including 62 books published in many languages. Professor Schneider’s research interests focus on the theory of economic policy, finance and the analysis of economic consequences of government intervention. Readership Scientists and researchers of national economy and unofficial economy; people experienced in the management (public and business); entrepreneurs; and students Contents PART I. SHADOW ECONOMY AND TAX EVASION CHAPTER 1 Size and development of the shadow economy and of tax evasion within Poland and of its neighbouring countries from 2003 to 2013: some new facts (Friedrich Schneider and Konrad Raczkowski) CHAPTER 2 How to curtail Poland’s shadow economy: the viewpoints of business and tax authorities (Bogdan Mróz and Mariusz Sokolek) CHAPTER 3 Shadow banking versus the shadow economy in Poland (Jan K. Solarz) CHAPTER 4 Why VAT carousel crime schemes are almost impossible to prosecute in Poland? (Czeslaw J_drzejek, Jacek Wi_ckowski, Maciej Nowak and Jaroslaw Bak) CHAPTER 5 The latest changes in the French tax evasion policy and its influence on economic and financial security (Urszula Zawadzka-Pak) PART II. ECONOMY AND BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS CHAPTER 6 The idea of homo oeconomicus and the role of culture in the economy (Marian Noga) CHAPTER 7 The implications of tax competition and "race to the bottom" for economic growth (Jolanta Szolno-Koguc and Malgorzata Twarowska) CHAPTER 8 Correct planning of budget revenue as an essential condition for secure business transactions (Eugeniusz Ruskowski) CHAPTER 9 The effects of public transfers on an economic system (Marta Postula) CHAPTER 10 The role of marketing information in the assessment of a contractor’s credibility in business negotiations (Bogdan Gregor and Magdalena Kalinska-Kula) CHAPTER 11 Implementation of the business counterintelligence branch in enterprise structure (Miroslaw Kwieci_ski and Krzysztof Passella) CHAPTER 12 Systematization of risk in internal and international markets (Katarzyna Zukrowska) CHAPTER 13 The role of the supreme audit office in tackling corruption and other types of organisational pathologies (Zbyslaw Dobrowolski) CHAPTER 14 Analysis of state bank guarantees offered to enterprises by national bank holdings and system solutions in selected countries (Dorota Ostrowska) CHAPTER 15 Common banking supervision within the financial safety net (Beata Domanska-Szaruga) CHAPTER 16 Crisis management in the global economy (Robert Dygas) PART III. MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMIC SECURITY CHAPTER 17 Business Process Management as a way to achieve national economic security (Piotr Senkus) CHAPTER 18 Collaborative networks as a basis for internal economic security in sustainable local governance. The case of Poland (Barbara Kozuch and Katarzyna Sienkiewicz-Malyjurek) CHAPTER 19 Changes in European foreign trade in the context of economic security (Agnieszka Glodowska) CHAPTER 20 The impact of non-military threats to economic security (Andrzej Limanski, Zbigniew Grzywna and Ireneusz Drabik)

This book contains some contributions from the VI International Conference on Tourism, Economics and Environment that took place at Malaga, Spain. The book includes a collection of case studies and best practices linking sustainability to tourism. The topics addressed represent an overview of the most contemporary problems affecting the tourism sector.

Summary 'Topics in Programming Languages' explores the arch from the formation of alphabet and classical philosophy to artificial programming languages in the structure of one argumentative topics list: as if it were philosophy interpreted and programmed. One such endeavour is taken to tend toward phonetics and sounds of speech analysis with λ-calculus, and, ultimately, Prolog - the programming language of choice in artificial intelligence - born of the natural language processing reverie and delusion. The well-ordered list of arguments targets the conceptual tree behind both the functional and the logical, the procedural and the declarative paradigms in programming languages by studying close the ascendum (convolution) of the Aristotelian efficient cause into the notions of function (Leibniz), rule (Kant) and algorithm as effective procedures in computation (Church-Turing). The Author Luís Manuel Cabrita Pais Homem graduated in Philosophy in the Faculty of Letters of the University of Lisbon in 2005. He concluded the Master in the same He is currently completing his doctoral thesis. the Post-Graduate Program holds a Quality Grant, taking in automatic passage to Doctorate, the author is currently preparing the PhD thesis subordinated to the same theme. The author is an integrated member of the Centre for Philosophy of Science of the University of Lisbon since the summer of 2011. Readership Scholars, students, programmers, computer scientists Contents Section I - Arguments; α) The phonetics and philosophical argument; β) The symbolic or rational argument; γ) The difficulty argument; δ) The content-and-form artificial intelligence argument; ε) The efficient cause argument; ζ) The model theory argument; Notes Section II - Arguments; The endogenous to exogenous language argument; θ) The efficient cause continuance argument; ι) The reviewing incommensurability argument; κ) The functional and declarative programming languages argument; Notes Section III - Arguments; λ) The λ-calculus argument; μ) The Prolog argument Notes Section IV - Topics in programming languages: a philosophical analysis through the case of prolog; Summary; State of the art; Goal; Detailed description Bibliography

Summary: Chapters in "Critical Insights From A Practitioner Mindset" have been grouped into four categories: (1) the New digital economy; (2) e-government practices; (3) identity and access management; and (4) identity systems implementation. These areas are considered to be crucial subsets that will shape the upcoming future and influence successful governance models. "Critical Insights From A Practitioner Mindset" is eminently readable and covers management practices in the government field and the efforts of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and the United Arab Emirates government. The book is key reading for both practitioners and decision-making authorities. Key Features: - Is highly practical and easy to read. - Comprehensive, detailed and through theoretical and practical analysis. - Covers issues, and sources rarely accessed, on books on this topic. The Author: Dr Al-Khouri is the Director General (Under Secretary) of the Emirates Identity Authority: a federal government organisation established in 2004 to rollout and manage the national identity management infrastructure program in the United Arab Emirates. He has been involved in the UAE national identity card program since its early conceptual phases during his work with the Ministry of Interior. He has also been involved in many other strategic government initiatives in the past 22 years of his experience in the government sector. Contents: The new digital economy: Emerging markets and digital economy: building trust in the virtual world Biometrics technology and the new economy: a review of the field and the case of the United Arab Emirates E-government practices: PKI in government digital identity management systems An innovative approach for e-government transformation PKI in government identity management systems PKI technology: a government experience The role of digital certificates in contemporary government systems Identity and access management: Optimizing identity and access management (IAM) frameworks Towards federated identity management across GCC: a solution's framework Contemporary identity systems implementation: Re-thinking enrolment in identity schemes Targeting results: lessons learned from UAE National ID Program

The chapters in 'Critical Thoughts From A Government Mindset' have been grouped into three categories: strategic management; e-government development and practices; and identity management. In the first section, the book covers 'Corporate Government Strategy Development', and 'Customer Relationship Management'. Key Features: Is highly topical - examines subjects that are of great current interest to governments and practitioners worldwide; comprehensive, detailed and thorough theoretical and practical analysis; covers issues, and sources rarely accessed, on books on this topic. The Author: Dr Al-Khouri is the Director General (Under Secretary) of the Emirates Identity Authority: a federal government organisation established to rollout and manage the national identity management infrastructure program in the United Arab Emirates. Readership Scholars, practitioners, business executives and government/economic policy makers worldwide, and especially those with an interest in the Middle East. Contents Strategic management - Corporate government strategy development: a case study; Customer relationship management: proposed framework from a government perspective E-government - E-government strategies: the case of UAE; E-government in Arab countries: a six-staged roadmap to develop the public sector; E-voting in UAE FNC elections: a case study Identity management - Identity and mobility in a digital world; Data ownership: who owns my data? Triggering the smart card readers' supply chain

This work is an extended study on the role of brain and cognition in L2 learning processes. By taking account of the type of encoding needed to convert input into intake and the tasks that EFL young learners are capable of, this book hopes to inform L2 practitioners of the potentially effective repertoire to assist L2 learners in advancing further their English learning. The author Dr.Li-ling Chuang is Associate Professor of Graduate Institute of Children's English at NCUE, Taiwan. She received her doctoral degree in Linguistics from UMCP, USA. Prior to joining the faculty at NCUE, she had served as a head of Department of English at Dayeh University. Current research interests include brain-based L2 teaching, L2 acquisition and processing, and L2 learning strategies.

Summary The Anatomy of Translation Problems is the summation of the author’s extensive teaching experience in the translation of economic editorials. Throughout the author’s teaching experiences, Dr Lai has identified several problems that occur in a high frequency for both the beginner as well as advanced translators. The ultimate aim of this book is to derive a translation principle that is able to solve a divergent range of translation problems, subsequently leading to the enhancement of translation quality and to show translators how to deal with these problems. Key Features Is the first book that introduces the translation of economic editorials. This book is interdisciplinary in its nature as it cuts across four fields: economics, law, translation theory and transformational grammar (linguistics). The book bridges the gap between translation theory and real world translation problems. The application of this book is not restricted to economic editorials. The principle of proportionality can be applicable to other types of editorials, including economics, foreign policy, politics, bioethics, and popular science. The Author Dr Ping-Yen Lai is Chairperson, Associate Professor, Department of Translation and Interpretation, National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan. The author has an MBA from the University of Iowa, a JD from the Chinese University of Hong Kong and a PhD - State University of New York at Buffalo. M.S., Applied Statistics, Michigan State University, 1991. Dr Lai is the author of many journal and paper articles. Readership Academics and students who major in translation and translation theories. Contents Introduction Methodology - the bottom up approach and the method for sample collection Data analysis – contains an analysis of 36 examples The anatomy of translation problems - contains the 15 categories of translation problems (tilting, opening wrong interpretations, omission, mistranslation of key words, distortion of logic, merging, mistranslation of professional knowledge, mistranslation of colloquial expression, the ‘three parts onion sentence’, contagion, elaborating, long words string, messing up of causal relationship, mistranslation of context dependent sentence, failure) Major propositions - discusses the principle of proportionality and other major propositions Conclusions