"Daryl G. Press uses historical evidence to answer two crucial questions: When a country backs down in a crisis, does its credibility suffer? How do leaders assess their adversaries' credibility? Press illuminates the decision-making processes behind events such as the crises in Europe that preceded World War II, the superpower showdowns over Berlin in the 1950s and 60s, and the Cuban Missile Crisis."--Page 4 of cover.

'Calculating Credibility' examines - and ultimately rejects - a fundamental belief held by the makers of American foreign policy and laypeople alike: the notion that backing down during a crisis reduces a country's future credibility. Press looks at the decision-making processes behind key events in history.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining, and Granular Computing, RSFDGrC 2007, held in Toronto, Canada in May 2007 in conjunction with the Second International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2007, both as part of the Joint Rough Set Symposium, JRS 2007.

When Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons against his own people in Syria, he clearly crossed President Barack Obama’s "red line." At the time, many argued that the president had to bomb in order to protect America's reputation for toughness, and therefore its credibility, abroad; others countered that concerns regarding reputation were overblown, and that reputations are irrelevant for coercive diplomacy. Whether international reputations matter is the question at the heart of Fighting for Credibility. For skeptics, past actions and reputations have no bearing on an adversary’s assessment of credibility; power and interests alone determine whether a threat is believed. Using a nuanced and sophisticated theory of rational deterrence, Frank P. Harvey and John Mitton argue the opposite: ignoring reputations sidesteps important factors about how adversaries perceive threats. Focusing on cases of asymmetric US encounters with smaller powers since the end of the Cold War including Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, and Syria, Harvey and Mitton reveal that reputations matter for credibility in international politics. This dynamic and deeply documented study successfully brings reputation back to the table of foreign diplomacy.

How psychology explains why a leader is willing to use military force to protect or salvage reputation In Who Fights for Reputation, Keren Yarhi-Milo provides an original framework, based on insights from psychology, to explain why some political leaders are more willing to use military force to defend their reputation than others. Rather than focusing on a leader's background, beliefs, bargaining skills, or biases, Yarhi-Milo draws a systematic link between a trait called self-monitoring and foreign policy behavior. She examines self-monitoring among national leaders and advisers and shows that while high self-monitors modify their behavior strategically to cultivate image-enhancing status, low self-monitors are less likely to change their behavior in response to reputation concerns. Exploring self-monitoring through case studies of foreign policy crises during the terms of U.S. presidents Carter, Reagan, and Clinton, Yarhi-Milo disproves the notion that hawks are always more likely than doves to fight for reputation. Instead, Yarhi-Milo demonstrates that a decision maker's propensity for impression management is directly associated with the use of force to restore a reputation for resolve on the international stage. Who Fights for Reputation offers a brand-new understanding of the pivotal influence that psychological factors have on political leadership, military engagement, and the protection of public prestige.

The book is a collection of high-quality research papers presented at Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV), held at Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India, during February 10–11, 2022. The book shares knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of communication technology and mobile networks. The book covers innovative and cutting-edge work of researchers, developers and practitioners from academia and industry working in the area of computer networks, network protocols and wireless networks, data communication technologies and network security.

This book presents the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Frontier Computing, held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on July 3–6, 2018, and provides comprehensive coverage of the latest advances and trends in information technology, science and engineering. It addresses a number of broad themes, including communication networks, business intelligence and knowledge management, web intelligence, and related fields that inspire the development of information technology. The contributions cover a wide range of topics: database and data mining, networking and communications, web and internet of things, embedded systems, soft computing, social network analysis, security and privacy, optical communication, and ubiquitous/pervasive computing. Many of the papers outline promising future research directions. The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and professionals, and also offers a useful reference guide for newcomers to the field.

Explore the fundamentals of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis with help from Excel® and R In Smart Decisions: A Structured Approach to Decision Analysis using MCDA, a distinguished team of decision-making specialists delivers a comprehensive and insightful exploration of the fundamentals of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis methods. The book offers guidance on modeling decision problems using some of the most powerful methods in operations research. Each chapter introduces a core MCDA method and guides the reader through a step-by-step approach to the implementation of the method using Microsoft® Excel® and then using R, a popular analytical language. The book also includes: A thorough, step-by-step guide to Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis methods and the application of these methods in Microsoft Excel and R Extensive illustrations, R code, and software screenshots to aid the reader’s understanding of the concepts discussed within A starter’s guide to Excel and R programming Perfect for graduate students in MBA programs and business schools, Smart Decisions: A Structured Approach to Decision Analysis Using MCDA is also an ideal resource for practitioners who apply MCDA in business, finance, applied mathematics, and engineering.

Information modelling and knowledge bases have become ever more essential in recent years because of the need to handle and process the vast amounts of data which now form part of everyday life. The machine to machine communication of the Internet of Things (IoT), in particular, can generate unexpectedly large amounts of raw data. This book presents the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases (EJC2017), held in Krabi, Thailand, in June 2017. The EJC conferences originally began in 1982 as a co-operative initiative between Japan and Finland, but have since become a world-wide research forum bringing together researchers and practitioners in information modelling and knowledge bases for the exchange of scientific results and achievements. Of the 42 papers submitted, 29 were selected for publication here, and these cover a wide range of information-modelling topics, including the theory of concepts, semantic computing, data mining, context-based information retrieval, ontological technology, image databases, temporal and spatial databases, document data management, software engineering, cross-cultural computing, environmental analysis, social networks, and WWW information. The book will be of interest to all those whose work involves dealing with large amounts of data.