Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender

Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender
Author :
Publisher :
Total Pages : 338
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780190069018
ISBN-13 : 0190069015
Rating : 4/5 (18 Downloads)

Synopsis Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender by : Claire Annesley

Historically, men have been more likely to be appointed to governing cabinets, but gendered patterns of appointment vary cross-nationally, and women's inclusion in cabinets has grown significantly over time. This book breaks new theoretical ground by conceiving of cabinet formation as a gendered, iterative process governed by rules that empower and constrain presidents and prime ministers in the criteria they use to make appointments. Political actors use their agency to interpret and exploit ambiguity in rules to deviate from past practices of appointing mostly men. When they do so, they create different opportunities for men and women to be selected, explaining why some democracies have appointed more women to cabinet than others. Importantly, this dynamic produces new rules about women's inclusion and, as this book explains, the emergence of a concrete floor, defined as a minimum number of women who must be appointed to a cabinet to ensure its legitimacy. Drawing on in-depth analyses of seven countries (Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and elite interviews, media data, and autobiographies of cabinet members, Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender offers a cross-time, cross-national study of the gendered process of cabinet formation.

Women in Presidential Cabinets

Women in Presidential Cabinets
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 321
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780190632168
ISBN-13 : 019063216X
Rating : 4/5 (68 Downloads)

Synopsis Women in Presidential Cabinets by : Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon

Though parity is still rare, presidential cabinets contain more women than ever before. Who are these women and what types of political capital resources do they bring to the administration? Are they new types of political players or very much like the men who have traditionally run the government? And once they gain office, are they treated equally in the cabinet? Do they have the capacity to be as effective as their male counterparts? Drawing on data from five presidential democracies -- Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and the United States -- Women in Presidential Cabinets examines the backgrounds, connections and credentials of all full-rank cabinet ministers in presidential administrations over the course of two decades to determine if women and men bring similar numbers and diversity of political capital resources to the administration. Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon and Michelle M. Taylor-Robinson find that, with a few notable exceptions, presidents select men and women with similar work and education backgrounds, political experience, and linkages to related interest groups. There are, however, differences across types of posts and countries. They evaluate the treatment and effectiveness of similarly credentialed male and female ministers on four benchmarks. Specifically, they examine whether women with equal qualifications can really obtain all posts or whether glass ceilings persist in some areas. They then turn to the ability of women to hold onto a post, considering the nature and circumstances surrounding their departures from office and how long they remain in office. In doing so, they uncover evidence that female ministers in Latin America stand on an unequal playing field when it comes to the ability to enact policy through legislation. Ultimately, Escobar-Lemmon and Taylor-Robinson show conclusively that while women lack numerical equality, they are no longer tokens, instead appearing positioned to exercise power at the highest levels within the executive branch.

Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender

Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 338
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780190069025
ISBN-13 : 0190069023
Rating : 4/5 (25 Downloads)

Synopsis Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender by : Claire Annesley

Historically, men have been more likely to be appointed to governing cabinets, but gendered patterns of appointment vary cross-nationally, and women's inclusion in cabinets has grown significantly over time. This book breaks new theoretical ground by conceiving of cabinet formation as a gendered, iterative process governed by rules that empower and constrain presidents and prime ministers in the criteria they use to make appointments. Political actors use their agency to interpret and exploit ambiguity in rules to deviate from past practices of appointing mostly men. When they do so, they create different opportunities for men and women to be selected, explaining why some democracies have appointed more women to cabinet than others. Importantly, this dynamic produces new rules about women's inclusion and, as this book explains, the emergence of a concrete floor, defined as a minimum number of women who must be appointed to a cabinet to ensure its legitimacy. Drawing on in-depth analyses of seven countries (Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and elite interviews, media data, and autobiographies of cabinet members, Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender offers a cross-time, cross-national study of the gendered process of cabinet formation.

Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government

Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government
Author :
Publisher : CUP Archive
Total Pages : 340
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0521438373
ISBN-13 : 9780521438377
Rating : 4/5 (73 Downloads)

Synopsis Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government by : Michael Laver

A close examination of the constitutional relationship between legislature and executive in parliamentary regimes.

The Inclusion Calculation

The Inclusion Calculation
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 209
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780190936228
ISBN-13 : 0190936223
Rating : 4/5 (28 Downloads)

Synopsis The Inclusion Calculation by : Melody E. Valdini

What role do men play in women's political representation? When and why do they support more inclusivity for women in office? Given that all political parties today have men in a majority of leadership positions, male gatekeepers play a key part in women's representation. So, how are they responding to the increasing numbers of women who are seeking leadership roles in politics? In The Inclusion Calculation, Melody E. Valdini examines women's inclusion from the perspective of men in power and offers a novel approach to understanding differences in women's descriptive representation. This book argues that men facilitate women's entry into politics when women's presence promises to benefit public perception of a party, and therefore benefit male party leaders. One particularly disturbing implication of this argument is that leaders can increase the number of women in office as a quick and simple substitute for addressing real systemic failures in party organization. Valdini tests her hypotheses by looking at several political contexts around the world: the degree to which parties run more women after a corruption scandal, the number of women who are actually elected at such times, the adoption of gender quotas, and the appointment of women legislators in authoritarian regimes. Her findings suggest that we cannot yet celebrate recent increases in the number of women in office as a sign that we are nearing broad acceptance of gender equality. Further, these findings also suggest that one should question the tendency of scholars and international organizations to use women's presence in office as a measurement of good governance, as well as the tendency to encourage women to simply "lean in" to advance their careers. While it is certainly valuable to encourage women to run for office, it is equally important to understand the motivations of male power-holders. To that end, this book examines how men strategically feminize their political parties or government to retain control, demonstrating that a woman's selection as a candidate often depends on a man's perception of her value.

Women in Executive Power

Women in Executive Power
Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Total Pages : 241
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781136819155
ISBN-13 : 1136819150
Rating : 4/5 (55 Downloads)

Synopsis Women in Executive Power by : Gretchen Bauer

A comprehensive regional study of women in the political executive power.

Governing from the Centre

Governing from the Centre
Author :
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Total Pages : 460
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0802082521
ISBN-13 : 9780802082527
Rating : 4/5 (21 Downloads)

Synopsis Governing from the Centre by : Donald J. Savoie

Agencies and policies instituted to streamline Ottawa's planning process instead concentrate power in the hands of the Prime Minister, more powerful in Canadian politics than the U.S. President in America. Riveting, startling, and indispensable reading.

Comparing Cabinets

Comparing Cabinets
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 277
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780198844945
ISBN-13 : 0198844948
Rating : 4/5 (45 Downloads)

Synopsis Comparing Cabinets by : Patrick Weller

Why is cabinet government so resilient? Despite many obituaries, why does it continue to be the vehicle for governing across most parliamentary systems? Comparing Cabinets answers these questions by examining the structure and performance of cabinet government in five democracies: the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Australia. The book is organised around the dilemmas that cabinet governments must solve: how to develop the formal rules and practices that can bring predictability and consistency to decision making; how to balance good policy with good politics; how to ensure cohesion between the factions and parties that constitute the cabinet while allowing levels of self-interest to be advanced; how leaders can balance persuasion and command; and how to maintain support through accountability at the same time as being able to make unpopular decisions. All these dilemmas are continuing challenges to cabinet government, never solvable, and constantly reappearing in different forms. Comparing distinct parliamentary systems reveals how traditions, beliefs, and practices shape the answers. There is no single definition of cabinet government, but rather arenas and shared practices that provide some cohesion. Such a comparative approach allows greater insight into the process of cabinet government that cannot be achieved in the study of any single political system, and an understanding of the pressures on each system by appreciating the options that are elsewhere accepted as common beliefs.

The Impact of Gender Quotas

The Impact of Gender Quotas
Author :
Publisher : OUP USA
Total Pages : 269
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780199830091
ISBN-13 : 0199830096
Rating : 4/5 (91 Downloads)

Synopsis The Impact of Gender Quotas by : Susan Franceschet

The Impact of Gender Quotas is a theory-building and comparative exercise in elaborating concepts commonly used to analyze the broad impacts of gender quotas. Using a conceptual framework based upon descriptive, substantive and symbolic dimensions of representation, the book presents case studies from twelve countries in Western Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia.

No Shortcuts to Power

No Shortcuts to Power
Author :
Publisher : Zed Books
Total Pages : 260
Release :
ISBN-10 : 1842771477
ISBN-13 : 9781842771471
Rating : 4/5 (77 Downloads)

Synopsis No Shortcuts to Power by : Anne Marie Goetz

Whatever other shortcomings of representative democracy may be apparent in our world today, one issue that clearly remains only partially resolved is the participation and policy impact of one half of the population--women. This comparative study examines this issue in the context of two African countries, South Africa and Uganda, both of which have accomplished much more at the level of women's political participation than most African or indeed other countries.