This book is the most comprehensive publication ever written for business valuers who prepare appraisals for federal tax purposes. Parts One and Two discuss IRS structure, process and conflict resolution, and Parts Three to Five address the most common adjustment areas by the IRS.

Business Valuation and Federal Taxes Procedure, Law, and Perspective SECOND EDITION Combining the expert knowledge of Senior Judge David Laro and Shannon Pratt, Business Valuation and Federal Taxes, Second Edition presents the authors' decades of experience, with advice on everything practitioners need to know about the relationship between federal taxes and valuation, and specifically valuations relating to business interests. This reference features indepth examinations of numerous topics that are particularly important to practitioners and explores a broad understanding of the basic knowledge needed to appreciate business valuation. Valuators, CPAs consulting on valuations, attorneys, corporate development officers, and intermediaries on business valuation will benefit from insightful discussions on topics ranging from general definitions to valuing complex business interests, as well as new discussions of: Personal versus enterprise goodwill New materials on transfer pricing and customs valuations and how recent markets have affected both the income and market approaches Coverage of FAS 157 and the many changes to penalties and sanctions affecting both taxpayers and appraisers Several important new court cases Coverage is also included on standards of business valuation, IRS positions, burden of proof in valuation controversies, questions to ask business valuation experts, economic and industry analysis, and tax-affecting passthrough entities. Complete with a full overview of the laws, procedures, and approaches related to business valuation, this invaluable reference is a wellspring of vital information on valuation approaches, techniques, finance-related issues, burden of proof, standards, choice of entity, and much more.

Starting from the practical viewpoint of, “I would rather be approximately right than perfectly wrong” this book provides a commonsense comprehensive framework for small business valuation that offers solutions to common problems faced by valuators and consultants both in performing valuations and providing ancillary advisory services to business owners, sellers, and buyers. If you conduct small business valuations, you may be seeking guidance on topics and problems specific to your work. Focus on What Matters: A Different Way of Valuing a Small Business fills a previous void in valuation resources. It provides a practical and comprehensive framework for small and very small business valuation (Companies under $10 million of revenues and often under $5 million of revenues), with a specialized focus on the topics and problems that confront valuators of these businesses. Larger businesses typically have at least Reviewed Accrual Accounting statements as a valuation starting point. However, smaller businesses rarely have properly reviewed and updated financials. Focus on What Matters looks at the issue of less reliable data, which affects every part of the business valuation. You’ll find valuation solutions for facing this challenge. As a small business valuator, you can get direction on working with financial statements of lower quality. You can also consider answers to key questions as you explore how to value each small business. Is this a small business or a job? How much research and documentation do you need to comply with standards? How can you use cash basis statements when businesses have large receivables and poor cutoffs? Should you use the market method or income method of valuation? Techniques that improve reliability of the market method multiplier How might you tax affect using the income method with the advent of the Estate of Jones and Section 199A? Do you have to provide an opinion of value or will a calculation work? How do you calculate personal goodwill? As a valuation professional how can you bring value to owners and buyers preparing to enter into a business sale transaction? How does the SBA loan process work and why is it essential to current small business values? What is the business brokerage or sale process and how does it work? How do owners increase business value prior to a business sale? This book examines these and other questions you may encounter in your valuation process. You’ll also find helpful solutions to common issues that arise when a small business is valued.

Decode IRS appraisal regulations and find practical solutions to current issues Qualified Appraisers and Qualified Appraisals provides clarification on complex IRS guidelines, and offers solutions and insight that can help appraisers adhere to the latest Treasury Regulations concerning appraisals submitted in tax matters. From the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice to IRS regulations, this book explores the body of law that has arisen around the production of “qualified appraisals” that the government and courts will accept. The discussion covers estate, gift, charitable contribution, income taxes, and more, with expert guidance on the interpretation and application of complex regulations. As appraisers often are called upon to provide expert testimony in court, this book shares effective methods including the novel “hot-tubbing” technique that eliminates the appearance of bias in favor of a less-adversarial discussion. Cases are dissected as they relate to application of existing appraisal laws, and the companion website features checklists, references, and additional cases as they become available. The IRS regulations on qualified appraisers and qualified appraisals have sparked a storm of controversy, and have raised more questions than they have answered. This book acknowledges the problems and offers solutions to help appraisers produce work the IRS and courts will accept. Understand the laws surrounding “qualified appraisals” and “qualified appraisers” Gain insight on testifying as an expert, including new techniques Explore solutions to common issues the IRS raises with respect to qualified appraisals and qualified appraisers Examine cases that illustrate the nuances of appraisal law application In order for an appraisal to satisfy the government, an appraisal must be performed by a “qualified appraiser” specific for the type of property in question. This broad statement leaves much to question, but Qualified Appraisers and Qualified Appraisals provides the answers appraisers need to comply with the law and produce work that meets the latest standards.

"Contains technical guidance and practice aids for performing business valuations, including engagement and representative letters, practice aids, worksheets, checklists, and drafting forms."

A must-read for accountants and professionals with a business valuation accreditation or certification, pension actuaries, ERISA lawyers, Financial Valuation of Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares identifies, explains, and explores the ins and outs of ESOPs, with a focus on what benefits a company/shareholder/plan participant would receive by transacting shares of stock with an ESOP, the formula for an Employee Stock Ownership Plan, stock incentives and their attractiveness to employees, the nature and function of ERISA, Department of Labor, and IRS. It includes training material, the full text of Department of Labor–proposed regulations, details of important court cases, various examples and illustrations to be used as reference and research tools for the experienced and trained valuation professional, and more.

The book serves three purposes: a comprehensive reference and update for currently active business appraisers, a complete self-contained text for both academic courses and beginning practitioners, and an easy-to-use reference for nonappraisers who use and/or evaluate business appraisals. Updated and revised, Valuing a Business, Third Edition, includes theoretical principles and practical techniques for effective business valuation, including the valuation of limited liability corporations, S corporations, and partnerships; greatly expanded treatment of valuation approaches and methods; new and expanded chapters on minority control and lack of marketability issues; a new checklist on reviewing a valuation report, designed for nonappraisers as well as active practitioners; hundreds of new data sources and bibliographical references; dozens of additional court case references; a new three-chapter section on valuing intangible assets; and new chapters on valuations for ad valorem taxes and income tax planning.