This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. Fourth Semester students of Botany as per Common Minimum Syllabus prescribed for all Uttar Pradesh State Universities and Colleges under the recommended National Education Policy 2020. Maintaining the traditional approach to the subject, this textbook not only provides strong conceptual understanding, but also helps in developing scientific outlook of the student. It comprehensively covers two papers, namely, Economic Botany, Ethnomedicine & Phytochemistry and Commercial Botany & Phytochemical Analysis. The book acquaints the students with the phytochemical analysis related to medicinally important plants and economic products produced by the plants, it also discusses the traditional medicines and herbs, and its relevance in modern times. Practical part, helps the students to know about the commercial products produced from plants and learn the chemistry of plants & herbal preparations.

This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. Third Semester students of Botany as per the UGC Choice Based Credit System (CBCS). It acquaints students with the tissue system, anatomy of stems, roots & leaves and secondary growth. It explains adaptive & protective systems and structural organization of a flower. Besides, the book also covers pollination, fertilization, development of endosperm and embryo, apomixis and polyembryony. While it provides strong conceptual understanding of the subject, it also helps in developing scientific outlook of the student.

The book, by virtue of its authoritative coverage, should be most suitable to undergraduate as well as postgraduate students of all universities and also to those appearing for various competitive examinations such as CPMT, DME, DCS and IAS.

This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. First Semester students of Botany as per Common Minimum Syllabus prescribed for all Uttar Pradesh State Universities and Colleges under the recommended National Education Policy 2020. Maintaining the traditional approach to the subject, this textbook not only provides strong conceptual understanding, but also helps in developing scientific outlook of the student. It comprehensively covers two papers, namely, Microbiology & Plant Pathology and Techniques in Microbiology & Plant Pathology. The book acquaints the students with the classification of different microbes including viruses, algae, fungi and lichens. It also discusses pathogen and plant disease management in detail and lucidly explains the concept of identifying microbes, pathogens, biofertilizers and lichens. Practical part enables the students to identify microbes and use them for Industrial, Agricultural and Environmental purposes.

The present book is for B.Sc(I) yr, strictly based on UGC Model syllabus for all Indian Universities. Each unit or chapter as the case may be is followed by various types of questions, such as very short, short, long answer questions, digrammatic questions and multiple choice questions, asked repeatedly questions have been included.