The second volume of the trilogy Beyond Homo SapiensDoubt, explores and interprets the historical events from the discovery of America to the end of the 19th Century. Enlightenment began with the acceptance by a majority of the worlds population that the Earth rotates around the Sun. Symbolically, it meant that our minds became centered on the Light of wisdom instead of the darkness of ignorance. Mari Suarez, the author, shows us how Homo sapiens managed to gain more tools with the marriage of science and crafts. However, his biological automatic reactions of self defense, immediate gratification and drive to reproduce have been left untouched, perpetuating and making even less human the world in which we live. Spiritual insight continued to be absent from our daily lives. Mari explains how two classic fiction characters of the time exemplified the inner struggle of mankind to leave behind blind faith. Don Quixote's Cervantes, and Hamlet's Shakespeare. Mari makes clear, Cervantes wrote about the world of blind faith and feudalism in decline, while Shakespeare explored with Hamlet the world of the bourgeoisie and doubt in ascendance.

Seeking to reenergize Americans' passion for the space program, the value of further exploration of the Moon, and the importance of human beings on the final frontier, Claude A. Piantadosi presents a rich history of American space exploration and its major achievements. He emphasizes the importance of reclaiming national command of our manned program and continuing our unmanned space missions, and he stresses the many adventures that still await us in the unfolding universe. Acknowledging space exploration's practical and financial obstacles, Piantadosi challenges us to revitalize American leadership in space exploration in order to reap its scientific bounty. Piantadosi explains why space exploration, a captivating story of ambition, invention, and discovery, is also increasingly difficult and why space experts always seem to disagree. He argues that the future of the space program requires merging the practicalities of exploration with the constraints of human biology. Space science deals with the unknown, and the margin (and budget) for error is small. Lethal near-vacuum conditions, deadly cosmic radiation, microgravity, vast distances, and highly scattered resources remain immense physical problems. To forge ahead, America needs to develop affordable space transportation and flexible exploration strategies based in sound science. Piantadosi closes with suggestions for accomplishing these goals, combining his healthy skepticism as a scientist with an unshakable belief in space's untapped—and wholly worthwhile—potential.

The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.

The author of this universal saga, Mari Suarez, is a surrealist visionary painter who has devoted herself to painting the images of the unconscious since 1969. Ariadne, the main character of Beyond Homo Sapiens, is a surrealist painter who explains her work in light of the creation of the surrealist movement of 1917. The movement was formed because the artists are closer to the unconscious than most people. Therefore, their work and experience could be used as fertile ground for understanding the psychological theories of Freud, Jung, Adler and Otto Rank. The psychological investigations of these scientists had led psychology to the realization of the fundamental spiritual nature in man; the seed of the Self in personality that unfolds psychologically in each person; the force of the Archetypes dressing themselves in symbols that reach the individual mind. Artists have the advantage that they can freeze these images in sculpture or canvas. Ariadne worked faithfully as a surrealist artist, freezing on canvas the images that reached her conscious mind from the depths of her unconscious. She felt driven to gain the tools to understand the images rooted in the metaphysical foundation of life that is the foundation of the psyche. She immersed herself in books about symbolism, mythologyall the teachings of the great Truth tellerswith the goal of understanding her own work. Slowly, she understood that the images were trying to show her a new view of men and women; they were trying to take her beyond the characteristic separation and limitation of the Homo Sapiens. Through her work, her life became a great challenge and a great hope. Beyond Homo Sapiens is the sum of that challenge and hope. Beyond Homo Sapiens is a historical, philosophical and mystical analysis of the historical events of 5,000 years. It depicts a woman's struggle to understand the chaos she witnesses all around her, hoping to help bring order to the world her daughter will inherit. In the process she formulates radically new ideas, but they are so solidly and clearly explained, readers are left wondering why this wasn't all explained to them in elementary school. In this modern odyssey, Ariadne takes readers through the labyrinth of discovery she has navigated for over thirty years and leads them to a new landscape rich with possibilities. In a manner understandable to all, Beyond Homo Sapiens summarizes the evolution of man towards spiritual awareness. The never-ending struggle of good (anything that helps that evolution) versus evil (anything that thwarts it) becomes apparent in the narrative. Ariadnes fresh perspective gives readers new insights to help them distinguish Spiritual truth from the lies by which we are constantly bombarded. One feels like the author is holding one's hand as she guides one through the past and the present. With compassionate wisdom and insight she describes the necessary ingredients to understand our journey. With masterful perspicuity, she illustrates, by spiritual and intuitive example, the steps we should be taking to make man's relationship to man a thing of beauty and love, rather than one of destruction and hate. Readers will be exhilarated to realize the unity of thought and vision that unites them with the Greek philosophers, Moses, Buddha, Jesus, Descartes, Voltaire, Rousseau, Marx, Engels, and all the great thinkers throughout history. Beyond Homo Sapiens reminds us that the present is the fruit of the past, and the future is the fruit of the present. Time, therefore, is a wheel of continuous movement. Any hope for a better future requires that we understand the past and change the present. Beyond Homo Sapiens, describes the reasons why men and women continue to be demeaning to themselves, the world and its inhabitants. This trilogy, finally available in English, is recommended for public and academic libraries.

"Evolutionary biologist Scott Solomon draws on the explosion of discoveries in recent years to examine the future evolution of our species. Combining knowledge of our past with current trends, Solomon offers convincing evidence that evolutionary forces still affect us today. But how will modernization--including longer lifespans, changing diets, global travel, and widespread use of medicine and contraceptives--affect our evolutionary future?" --publisher description.

A complete account of evolutionary thought in the social, environmental and policy sciences, creating bridges with biology.

An award-winning cognitive scientist describes how the influence of experience and culture can override DNA in an attempt to shatter the myth that illness and addiction are unavoidable as dictated by genetic composition. 15,000 first printing.

Emigrating Beyond Earth puts space colonization into the context of human evolution. Rather than focusing on the technologies and strategies needed to colonize space, the authors examine the human and societal reasons for space colonization. They make space colonization seems like a natural step by demonstrating that if will continue the human species' 4 million-year-old legacy of adaptation to difficult new environments. The authors present many examples from the history of human expansion into new environments, including two amazing tales of human colonization - the prehistoric settlement of the upper Arctic around 5,000 years ago and the colonization of the Pacific islands around 3,000 years ago - which show that space exploration is no more about rockets and robots that Arctic exploration was about boating!

A powerful new theory of human nature suggests that our secret to success as a species is our unique friendliness “Brilliant, eye-opening, and absolutely inspiring—and a riveting read. Hare and Woods have written the perfect book for our time.”—Cass R. Sunstein, author of How Change Happens and co-author of Nudge For most of the approximately 300,000 years that Homo sapiens have existed, we have shared the planet with at least four other types of humans. All of these were smart, strong, and inventive. But around 50,000 years ago, Homo sapiens made a cognitive leap that gave us an edge over other species. What happened? Since Charles Darwin wrote about “evolutionary fitness,” the idea of fitness has been confused with physical strength, tactical brilliance, and aggression. In fact, what made us evolutionarily fit was a remarkable kind of friendliness, a virtuosic ability to coordinate and communicate with others that allowed us to achieve all the cultural and technical marvels in human history. Advancing what they call the “self-domestication theory,” Brian Hare, professor in the department of evolutionary anthropology and the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience at Duke University and his wife, Vanessa Woods, a research scientist and award-winning journalist, shed light on the mysterious leap in human cognition that allowed Homo sapiens to thrive. But this gift for friendliness came at a cost. Just as a mother bear is most dangerous around her cubs, we are at our most dangerous when someone we love is threatened by an “outsider.” The threatening outsider is demoted to sub-human, fair game for our worst instincts. Hare’s groundbreaking research, developed in close coordination with Richard Wrangham and Michael Tomasello, giants in the field of cognitive evolution, reveals that the same traits that make us the most tolerant species on the planet also make us the cruelest. Survival of the Friendliest offers us a new way to look at our cultural as well as cognitive evolution and sends a clear message: In order to survive and even to flourish, we need to expand our definition of who belongs.

CLASSIC FICTION. The Paranthropus ("tropi" for short) are a large tribe of New Guinea cliff-dwellers. Simian in many of their physical characteristics, they are normally erect in stance, though happy to drop to all fours at a moment's notice. Australian wool interests see the tropis as a dream come true--workers who can be trained without benefit of paycheck. Newspaperman Douglas Templemore is an idealist--by killing his son (bred by artificial insemination of a female tropi), he hopes to cause a riot in the realm of race relations. Is he a murderer or merely an owner of a pet, which he has "put to sleep?" As he comes up for trial scientific experts file into the witness box; none agreeing on what constitutes a human being. Is man to be defined by his jawbone? By his rational capacity? By his grasp of metaphysics? Or is the judge right when he muses (without a trace of cynicism) that the tropis must be animals because they are not cannibals?