Benito Perez Galdos and the Creative Process was first published in 1954. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Most critics would rank Benito Perez Galdos second only to Cervantes among the great novelists of Spain. However, in spite of the esteem in which he is generally held, Galdos has been the subject of relatively few scholarly studies. Professor Pattison, by an analysis of two of Galdos' novels, attempts to reconstruct the creative processes that were involved in the writing of these novels. This is the first time that such a critical approach has been used in the field of Spanish fiction and the resulting study is significant not only to Spanish scholars but to all students of literature seeking further insights into the fascinating and still elusive creative process. Professor Pattison analyzes the novels Gloria, published in 1877, and Marianela,which was published the following year. Both are stories of contemporary life, the former having as its theme the conflict between noble religion and the fanaticism of individual religious sects, and the latter presenting a story of tragic love interwoven with the social problem of the responsibilities of the rich toward the poor. In tracking down the sources of ideas, characters, plots, and viewpoints that emerge in these novels, Professor Pattison worked first-hand in Galdos' personal library in Madrid. From the notes and markings in the books and from other intimate observations, the scholar-detective put his finger on many of the original sources that contributed to Galdos' artistic creations and identified the prototypes for fictional characters among persons Galdos knew.

Fortunata y Jacinta is the magnum opus of Benito Perez Galdos, acknowledged in the field of Spanish letters as second only in importance to Cervantes. This study is an analysis of the different parts of the manuscript as "palimpsest," or layering of texts from the early manuscript drafts of the work to its printed edition, produced in successive stages to create a better version than the last. The analysis seeks to lay bare important aspects of the creative process of composition in the astounding cultural phenomenon that is the nineteenth-century realist novel, assessing in what ways any changes from earlier to later drafts may provide an understanding of the genius of creation in this particular literary form.

A study of Galdós' Jewish characters and what they tell us about the place of Jews in C19th Spanish society and culture. Few Spanish novelists have dealt with the problem of religion and religious commitment more comprehensively than Benito Pérez Galdós. His lifelong preoccupation with man in search of transendence repeatedly led him to evaluate andcriticize the religious institutions that stifled rather than helped man in his search. In the Jews, Galdós saw a people who, though victimized by religious intolerance, managed to survive persecution and affirm an abiding faithin God. He created Jewish characters throughout his long literary career and therefore presents the most comprehensive portrait of Jews as they existed in the culture, the religion and fabric of C19th Spanish society.

How much does art provide escape from everyday life, and how much does it aid in controlling life? How are art worlds built and maintained? Are new styles the creations of whim or genius? Or are stylistic changes the product of the social and political world in which the artist lives? How does art itself shape these worlds? How are art worlds built