Humans have been fascinated by bees for centuries. Bees display a wide spectrum of behaviours and ecological roles that have provided biologists with a vast amount of material for study. Among the types observed are both social and solitary bees, those that either pollinate or destroy flowers, and those that display traits allowing them to survive underwater. Others fly mainly at night, and some build their nests either in the ground or in the tallest rain forest trees. This highly acclaimed book summarises and interprets research from around the world on tropical bee diversity and draws together major themes in ecology, natural history and evolution. The numerous photographs and line illustrations, and the large reference section, qualify this book as a field guide and reference for workers in tropical and temperate research. The fascinating ecology and natural history of these bees will also provide absorbing reading for other ecologists and naturalists. This book was first published in 1989.

Small-scale beekeeping is an attractive cash crop option for resource-poor farmers in the tropics. It demands little in the way of time, finances or natural resources, and the honey and beeswax harvested can be processed in the home and sold locally. At the same time, pollination by honeybees will increase the yields of many staple food crops. This book, through its clear explanatory text and admirable illustrations, skilfully lays out the elements of good practice in tropical beekeeping. It explains both traditional techniques using low-cost hives and more advanced methods, pointing out the most appropriate system for the level of investment the beekeeper wishes to make. The author has a wealth of knowledge, developed through years of thoughtful observation and practical experience working with beekeepers all over Africa and with his own hives in Kenya. Existing beekeepers wishing to improve their techniques and those looking to start a new beekeeping enterprise will find the book invaluable.

The stingless bees are one of the most diverse, attractive, fascinating, conspicuous and useful of all the insect groups of the tropical world. This is a formidable and contentious claim but I believe it can be backed up. They are fifty times more species rich than the honey bees, the other tribe of highly eusocial bees. They are ubiquitous in the tropics and thrive in tropical cities. In rural areas, they nest in a diversity of sites and are found on the flowers of a broad diversity of crop plants. Their role in natural systems is barely studied but they almost certainly deserve that hallowed title of keystone species. They are popular with the general public and are greatly appreciated in zoos and gardens. The chapters of this book provide abundant further evidence of the ecological and economic importance of stingless bees.

Seeley, a world authority on honey bees, sheds light on why wild honey bees are still thriving while those living in managed colonies are in crisis. Drawing on the latest science as well as insights from his own pioneering fieldwork, he describes in extraordinary detail how honey bees live in nature and shows how this differs significantly from their lives under the management of beekeepers. Seeley presents an entirely new approach to beekeeping--Darwinian Beekeeping--which enables honey bees to use the toolkit of survival skills their species has acquired over the past thirty million years, and to evolve solutions to the new challenges they face today. He shows beekeepers how to use the principles of natural selection to guide their practices, and he offers a new vision of how beekeeping can better align with the natural habits of honey bees.

Stingless bees (Meliponini) are the largest and most diverse group of social bees, yet their largely tropical distribution means that they are less studied than their relatives, the bumble bees and honey bees. Stingless bees produce honey and collect pollen from tens of thousands of tropical plant species and, in the process, provide critical pollination services in the tropics. Like many other insects, they are struggling with new human-made challenges like habitat destruction, climate change and new diseases. This book provides an overview of stingless bee biology, with chapters on the evolutionary history, nesting biology, colony organisation and division of labour of stingless bees. In addition, it explores their defence strategies, foraging ecology, and varied communication methods. Accordingly, the book offers an accessible introduction and reference guide for students, researchers and laypeople interested in the biology of bees.

Honeybees are as small as flies or as large as hornets, nesting in nar row cavities of trees and rocks or in the open on large limbs of trees 30 m above ground. They occur in tropical zones and in the forests of the Ural mountains, they survive seven months of winter and even longer periods of drought and heat. Historically, they lived through a extended time of stagnation in the tropics from the mid-Tertiary, but then experienced an explosive evolution during the Pleistocene, re sulting in the conquest of huge new territories and the origin of two dozen subspecies in Apis mellifera. This vast geographic and ecologic diversification of the genus Apis was accompanied by a rich morphological variation, less on the level of species than at the lowest rank, the subspecies level. Variation being exclusively of a quantitative kind at this first step of speciation, tradi tional descriptive methods of systematics proved to be unsatisfactory, and honeybee taxonomy finally ended up in a confusing multitude of inadequately described units. Effective methods of morphometric-sta tistical analysis of honeybee popUlations, centered on limited areas, have been developed during the last decades. Only the numerical characterization of the populations, together with the description of behavior, shows the true geographic variability and will end current generalizations and convenient stereotypes.

The most visually stunning view of worldwide beekeeping and honey hunting ever produced. Shot over 10 years in 23 countries on six continents. Internationally acclaimed photography by Eric Tourneret is complemented by insightful stories by leading honey bee experts from around the world. The book documents the amazing diversity of beekeeping methods: honey hunting off of cliffs and gigantic trees in Asia (Nepal, India, Indonesia); tree hive beekeeping in Russia; skep beekeeping in Germany; log hives in France, Mexico, and Turkey; industrial beekeeping in China and the US; honey hunting in Congo and Cameroon; traditional beekeeping in Ethiopia; migratory beekeeping in Romania and Argentina; organic honey production in Australia; manuka honey from New Zealand; urban beekeeping in Paris, New York, London, and Berlin; stingless bees of Brazil, Panama, Costa Rica, and Mexico; beehouse beekeeping in Slovenia and Switzerland, and much more. Experts that contributed to this volume include Dr. Tom Seeley (Cornell University), Kirk Webster (USA), Jurgen Tautz (Germany), David Roubik (Panama/USA), and others. The beautiful photography is both inspiring and calling into question our modern agricultural and land-use practices that threaten the bees¿ survival, and ours. A tribute to the natural and cultural diversity of this planet, Honey From The Earth is also a plea to conserve this fragile beauty.