An annotated bibliography of over 2,050 references associated with borate minerals from Death Valley, Mojave Desert, and Nevada. Sources include journal articles, papers, conference proceedings, books, book chapters, and other literature published from the 1860s into 2024. The bibliography is divided into 16 chapters: History, Boron and Borates, Chemistry and Crystal Structure, Mineralogy, Geology, California, Death Valley, Searles Lake, Mojave Desert, Kramer, Calico, Fort Cady, Tick Canyon, Ventura, Nevada, and Annual Reviews. Contains appendices of supplemental information on borate minerals, color photographs, and an alphabetical index of authors. 638 pages. Key words: borax, colemanite, kernite, probertite, and ulexite.

Phenomenal new observations from Earth-based telescopes and Mars-based orbiters, landers, and rovers have dramatically advanced our understanding of the past environments on Mars. These include the first global-scale infrared and reflectance spectroscopic maps of the surface, leading to the discovery of key minerals indicative of specific past climate conditions; the discovery of large reservoirs of subsurface water ice; and the detailed in situ roving investigations of three new landing sites. This an important, new overview of the compositional and mineralogic properties of Mars since the last major study published in 1992. An exciting resource for all researchers and students in planetary science, astronomy, space exploration, planetary geology, and planetary geochemistry where specialized terms are explained to be easily understood by all who are just entering the field.

The individual chapters include both regional overviews and case histories of surviving evidence for these types of objects in the Northeast, with analyses of their importance in the social economy of the region. They employ both primary evidence (actual objects or fragments of them) and secondary evidence (such as impressions of fabrics in pottery, metal pseudomorphs, or images of objects). A large number of the chapters provide information on cordage and fabrics; many include bark, wood, and leather objects as well.

The South Atlantic plays a critical role in the couplingofoceanic processes between the Antarctic and the lower latitudes. The Antarctic Ocean, along with the adjacent southern seas, is of substantial importance for global climate and for the distributionofwater masses because itprovides large regions ofthe world ocean with intermediate and bottom waters. In contrast to the North Atlantic, the Southern Ocean acts more as an "information distributor", as opposed to an amplifier. Just as the North Atlantic is influencedby the South Atlantic through the contributionofwarm surface water,the incomingsupply ofNADW - in the area of the Southern Ocean as Circumantarctic Deep Water - influences the oceanography ofthe Antarctic. The competing influences from the northern and southern oceans on the current and mass budget systems can be best studied in the South Atlantic. Not only do changes in the current systems in the eastern Atlantic high-production regions affect the energy budget, they also influence the nutrient inventories, and therefore impact the entire productivity ofthe ocean. In addition, the broad region of the polar front is a critical area with respect to productivity-related circulation since it is the source of Antarctic Intermediate Water. Although theAntarctic Intermediate Watertoday liesdeeper than the water that rises in the upwelling regions, it is the long-term source ofnutrients that are ultimately responsible for the supply oforganic matter to the sea floor and to sediments.

The first complete guide to all the state s remarkably diverse minerals"