Directly presenting the considered views of a broad cross-section of the international arbitration community, this timely collection of essays addresses the criticism of the arbitral process that has been voiced in recent years, interpreting the challenge as an invitation to enlightenment. The volume records the entire proceedings of the twenty-fifth Congress of the International Council for Commercial Arbitration (ICCA), held in Edinburgh in September 2022. Topics range from the impact of artificial intelligence to the role of international arbitration in restraining resort to unilateralism, protectionism, and nationalism. The contributors tackle such contentious issues as the following: time and cost; gender and cultural diversity; confidentiality vs. transparency; investor-State dispute settlement procedures; the proposed establishment of a permanent international investment court system; how cross-fertilisation across different disciplines may impact international arbitration; determining whether a document request seeks documents that are relevant and material to the outcome of a dispute; whether we would be better off if investment arbitration were to disappear; and implications for international arbitration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. There is consideration of global issues that are likely to give rise to disputes in the future, including climate change, environmental protection, access to depleting water resources, energy and mining transition, and human rights initiatives. Several contributions focus on developments in specific countries (China, India) and regions (Africa, the Middle East). Arbitrators, corporate counsel, and policymakers will appreciate this opportunity to engage with current thinking on key issues in international commercial and investment arbitration, especially given the diversity of thought presented by authors from all over the world.

Eighteenth-century Spain drew on the Enlightenment to reconfigure its role in the European balance of power. As its force and its weight declined, Spanish thinkers discouraged war and zealotry and pursued peace and cooperation to reconfigure the international Spanish Empire.

The Yearbook Commercial Arbitration continues its longstanding commitment to serving as a primary resource for the international arbitration community, with reports on arbitral awards and court decisions applying the leading arbitration conventions and decisions of general interest to the practice of international arbitration as well as announcements of arbitration legislation and rules. Volume XLVI (2021) includes: • excerpts of arbitral awards made under the auspices of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (CRCICA), as well as awards rendered in accordance with the rules of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (SCC); • notes on new and amended arbitration rules, including references to their online publication; • notes on recent developments in arbitration law and practice in Belize, Brazil, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Iraq, Malawi, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan ; • excerpts of 85 court decisions applying the 1958 New York Convention from 28 countries – including, for the first time, cases from Costa Rica, Cuba, and Iran – all indexed by subject matter and linked to the commentaries on the New York Convention published in the Yearbook, authored by former General Editor and leading expert Prof. Dr. Albert Jan van den Berg; • excerpts from three decisions applying the 1965 Washington (ICSID) Convention and three decisions applying the 1975 Panama (Inter-American) Convention, as well as a selection of nine court decisions of general interest; • an extensive Bibliography of recent books and journals on arbitration. The Yearbook is edited by the International Council for Commercial Arbitration (ICCA), the world’s leading organization representing practitioners and academics in the field, under the general editorship of Prof. Dr. Stephan W. Schill and with the assistance of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, The Hague. It is an essential tool for lawyers, business people and scholars involved in the practice and study of international arbitration.

The Yearbook Commercial Arbitration continues its longstanding commitment to serving as a primary resource for the international arbitration community, with reports on arbitral awards and court decisions applying the leading arbitration conventions and decisions of general interest to the practice of international arbitration as well as announcements of arbitration legislation and rules. Volume XLIV (2019) includes: excerpts of arbitral awards made under the auspices of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC); notes on new and amended arbitration rules, including references to their online publication; notes on recent developments in arbitration law and practice inDjibouti, India, the Republic of Maldives, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Sweden, and the United Arab Emirates, as well as the Prague Rules on the Efficient Conduct of Proceedings in International Arbitration; excerpts of 88 court decisions applying the 1958 New York Convention from 27 countries – including, for the first time, a selection of seven cases from Hungary, and cases from Fiji, Macao SAR, Panama, and the Caribbean Community – all indexed by subject matter and linked to the commentaries on the New York Convention published in the Yearbook, authored by former General Editor and leading expert Prof. Albert Jan van den Berg; excerpts from two decision applying the 1965 Washington (ICSID) Convention and four decisions applying the 1975 Panama (Inter-American) Convention, as well as a selection of eight court decisions of general interest; an extensive Bibliography of recent books and journals on arbitration. The Yearbook is edited by the International Council for Commercial Arbitration (ICCA), the world’s leading organization representing practitioners and academics in the field, under the general editorship of Prof. Dr. Stephan W. Schill and with the assistance of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, The Hague. It is an essential tool for lawyers, business people and scholars involved in the practice and study of international arbitration.

The Yearbook Commercial Arbitration continues its longstanding commitment to serving as a primary resource for the international arbitration community. With arbitral awards being published in the newly founded ICCA Awards Series as of 2023, the Yearbook now focuses on court decisions that either apply the principal arbitration conventions or are of general interest to the practice of international arbitration and comes with the addition of new indexes to facilitate research. Volume XLVIII (2023) includes: • excerpts of fifty-three decisions applying the 1958 New York Convention from 21 countries indexed by Convention topics • excerpts from eight decisions applying the 1965 ICSID Convention and the 1975 Panama Convention • excerpts from fifty-nine decisions of general interest to the practice of international arbitration: forty-nine recent decisions of the Singapore International Commercial Court, as well as ten decisions rendered by the courts of Canada, France, Germany, and India, and by the European Court of Human Rights • two new indexes covering all reported decisions: a Table of Instruments and an Index by Subject Matter • announcements of new and amended arbitration rules, and recent developments in arbitration law and practice • an extensive Bibliography of recent books and journals on arbitration • a Compendium of Arbitral Awards Published in the Yearbook 1976 – 2022, concluding the Yearbook cycle of awards publication. The Yearbook is edited by the International Council for Commercial Arbitration (ICCA), the world’s leading organization representing practitioners and academics in the field of international arbitration, under the general editorship of Prof. Dr. Stephan W. Schill and with the assistance of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, The Hague. It is an essential tool for lawyers, businesspeople and scholars involved in the practice and study of international arbitration.

Covering both the principles and practice of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), this important new textbook equips students not only with a contextual understanding of the role of ADR in adjudicating civil disputes but also with the different forms of mediation and ADR available and the key issues in their application. Providing theoretical and practical insights, the book begins with a critical examination of the tenets on which ADR is based, where it sits in relation to civil law, and how it is applied in different national contexts. It discusses the various areas in which mediation or arbitration can be applied, from family mediation to restorative justice, and includes chapters on the ethics of mediation and its psychology, as well as an introduction to online dispute resolution (ODR). The concluding chapter offers some thoughts on the benefits and challenges of mediation. Featuring a glossary of key terms, detailed case law, end-of-chapter problem questions, and advice around listening skills during a mediation process, Mediation and other forms of Alternative Dispute Resolution is an essential textbook for any student approaching ADR for the first time and offers practitioners an opportunity to reflect on the context of ADR.

This introduction explores the history of the 18th-century Enlightenment movement. Considering its intellectual commitments, Robertson then turns to their impact on society, and the ways in which Enlightenment thinkers sought to further the goal of human betterment, by promoting economic improvement and civil and political justice.

What is it about international arbitration that makes it so open to evolution and adaptation? What are the main pressure points today and the unmet needs of stakeholders? What are the opportunities for expansion to new sectors and new audiences? What are the drivers for change, the obstacles and the risks? And equally important, what are the core principles that should never be lost? These were the topics of the Twenty-Fourth ICCA Congress, held in Sydney, Australia, in April 2018, the proceedings of which are collected in this volume. The volume highlights arbitration as a ‘living organism’ that has adapted in the past to various challenges, and that today – under attack from various quarters – might need to demonstrate its adaptability again. Accordingly, the contributions address the evolving needs of users, the impact of the rapidly changing face of technology, the expectations of the public, and the convergence and divergence of different aspects of legal traditions and cultures. Topical issues of interest for practitioners, academics, and students of arbitration include the following: legitimacy and authority of arbitrators, institutions and professional organizations to act as lawmakers; investment treaty reform, with particular reference to the definition of ‘investment,’ the evolution of substantive treaty standards, and sustainable development obligations; commercial arbitration reform, including issues of public and private interest, the development of common law, and cost, delay and transparency concerns; revisiting party autonomy in choosing decision-makers, including through institutional appointments or investment courts; equality of arms, the economics of access, and the role of costs and third-party funding; public-private disputes and special issues that arise when State entities arbitrate; public participation and transparency, and their effect on both ISDS and commercial arbitration; revisiting conventional wisdom in organizing arbitral proceedings; lessons to be learned from other dispute resolution frameworks; technology as friend and enemy, including new tools, new threats, and cybersecurity; arbitration of disputes in conflict and post-conflict zones; inter-generational blame and praise in investment arbitration; and the emergence of sovereign wealth funds as arbitration participants. A special section on ‘New Frontiers in Arbitration’ offers enlightening perspectives on new types of claims and new types of stakeholders likely to affect the future of international arbitration, including the potential for climate change disputes and enlarged participation.