Introductory technical guidance for professional engineers and building managers interested in mitigation of legionella ("legionnaires disease") in buildings. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION, 2. REFERENCES, 3. HISTORY AND DISEASE INFORMATION, 4. HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY, DISEASE SYMPTOMS, AND POTENTIAL SOURCES, 5. PRIORITIZATION, 6. TRANSMISSION OF LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE, 7. POTABLE AND EMERGENCY WATER SYSTEMS, 8. HEATED SPAS, 9. ARCHITECTURAL FOUNTAINS AND WATERFALL SYSTEMS, 10. COOLING TOWERS, FLUID COOLERS, AND EVAPORATIVE CONDENSERS, 11. WATER TOWER TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONS, 12. OTHER DEVICES THAT MAY REQUIRE CONSIDERATION.

Introductory technical guidance for professional engineers, architects and construction managers interested in design of hospitals and medical clinics. Here is what is discussed: 1. ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS, 2. DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, 3. MEDICAL GAS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS, 4. HVAC SYSTEMS, 5. PLUMBING AND PIPING, 6. PLUMBING FIXTURES AND EQUIPMENT, 7. PLUMBING CRITERIA, 8. PUMBING SCHEMATICS AND SCHEDULES, 9. WATER SYSTEMS, 10. SITE PLANNING, 11. TRANSPORTATION, LOGISTICS, WAYFINDING, 12. WATER SUPPLY.

Introductory technical guidance for professional engineers and building managers interested in legionella mitigation in buildings. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. REFERENCES 3. HISTORY AND DISEASE INFORMATION 4. HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY, DISEASE SYMPTOMS, AND POTENTIAL SOURCES: 5. PRIORITIZATION 6. TRANSMISSION OF LEGIONNAIRE

Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

In Building Materials, Health and Indoor Air Quality: Volume 2 Tom Woolley uses new research to continue to advocate for limiting the use of hazardous materials in construction and raise awareness of the links between pollutants found in building materials, poor indoor air quality and health problems. Chapters in this volume reinforce previous arguments and present new ones covering: Further evidence of the health impacts of hazardous emissions from materials Hazardous materials to be avoided and why Fire and smoke toxicity – the Lakanal House and Grenfell Tower legacy Sub-standard retrofits leading to damp and mould in previously sound houses A critical review of recent reports from UK Government and others on air quality and health problems including policy changes on flame retardants Growing evidence of cancer risks and the failure of cancer research organisations to address these issues A critical review of recent climate change and zero carbon policies and a discussion on whether extreme energy efficiency is a good thing This book asks some important and, for some, uncomfortable questions, but in doing so it brings to light important areas for research and provides much needed guidance for architects, engineers, construction professionals, students and researchers on hazardous materials and how to reduce their use and design and build healthier buildings for all occupants.

Introductory technical guidance for mechanical engineers and others interested in water treatment for cooling towers. This is what is discussed: 1. TYPES OF COOLING WATER SYSTEMS 2. COOLING TOWER WATER CALCULATIONS 3. OBJECTIVES OF COOLING WATER TREATMENT 4. MICROBIOLOGICAL DEPOSITS AND CONTROL 5. CORROSION IN COOLING SYSTEMS 6. DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE COOLING WATER TREATMENT PROGRAM 7. COOLING WATER SYSTEM START-UP AND LAYUP REQUIREMENTS.

Provides the latest QMRA methodologies to determine infection risk cause by either accidental microbial infections or deliberate infections caused by terrorism • Reviews the latest methodologies to quantify at every step of the microbial exposure pathways, from the first release of a pathogen to the actual human infection • Provides techniques on how to gather information, on how each microorganism moves through the environment, how to determine their survival rates on various media, and how people are exposed to the microorganism • Explains how QMRA can be used as a tool to measure the impact of interventions and identify the best policies and practices to protect public health and safety • Includes new information on genetic methods • Techniques use to develop risk models for drinking water, groundwater, recreational water, food and pathogens in the indoor environment

This book provides a highly illustrated guide to the design, installation and maintenance of hot and cold water supply systems for domestic buildings. Based on British Standard BS 6700, the new edition takes into account revisions to the standard since the book was first published in 1991. It has also been updated to give guidance on the 1999 Water Supply Regulations and includes revisions to the Building Regulations. Written for designers and installers, this immensely practical book will also be of interest to technical staff of water undertakers, property services managers and students of NVQ and BTech courses. It was specially commissioned by the British Standards Institution and written for BSI by Bob Garrett, formerly of Langley College of Further Education and past President of the National Association of Plumbing Teachers.